Lesson 31 A lovable eccentric可爱的怪人动名词 逻辑主语

True eccentrics never deliberately set out to draw attention to themselves.

deliberately ^{adv.故意地；从容不迫地，小心翼翼地}

• on purpose ^{故意地：有意地、刻意地做某事。}
• intentionally ^{adv.故意地，有意地}

set out to do ^{begin a job, task, etc with a particular aim or goal 带着目的去做某事}

• The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but he took a long time to send them.
• Dimitri at once set out to find the thief.

'We never set out to hurt you, Victor. And I'm sorry we did.'  'Are you done?'  'Yeah.'

draw (one's) attention ^{引起(某人)的注意}

• attract / capture / catch / arrest / command / get (one's) attention ^{吸引了/捕捉了/逮捕/掌握了/引起了 (某人)的注意}
• This attracted the attention of Richard Humphries who was then the most eminent boxer in England.

receive (one's) attention ^{得到了、受到了关注}

• This exhibition received a great deal of attention in the press, ...

They disregard social conventions without being conscious that they are doing anything extraordinary.

• People tend to amass possessions, sometimes without being aware of doing so. ^NCE3-59
• He used to sleep during the day and work at night, quite unaware of the fact that he had become the ghost of Endley.
• They disregard social conventions, quite unconscious / unaware of the fact that they are doing anything extraordinary. ^替换

造句：They disregard safety problems, without being conscious that they are doing anything dangerous.^{他们无视安全问题，意识不到自己的所作所为有什么危险之处。}

This invariably wins them the love and respect of others, for they add colour to the dull routine of everyday life.

invariably  ^{always 始终如一地，一贯地}

• They almost invariably get it wrong.  ^{他们几乎总是将它弄错。}

add color to sth. ^{给…增添色彩}

• Intelligent use of metaphors can add color to your writing.

add luster / lustre to sth. ^{使…增光添彩}

• Using appropriate quotations from classics will add lustre to your essay.^{恰当地称引名篇会使你的文章增色不少。}

add flavor / spice to sth. ^{给…增添趣味/增添情趣}

• Their campus visits will add spice to college life.^{他们的校园之行将会为大学生活增添趣味。}

add variety to sth. ^{使…多样化、增加多样性}

• Many of my lucky participants tried hard to add variety to their lives. ^{我的许多幸运参加者努力给自己的生活中添加乐趣。}

the dull routine of everyday life ^{单调乏味的日常生活}

造句：Surfing the Net invariably wins itself the fascination of the young, for it adds color to the dull routine of everyday life. ^{网上冲浪总是能赢得年轻人的痴迷，因为它给平淡的日常生活增添了一丝亮色。}

Up to the time of his death, Richard Colson was one of the most notable figures in our town.

notable ^{adj.显要的、著名的(famous)}

• ... 'the most valiant soldier and most notable leader, Signor Giovanni Haukodue’.

figure ^{n.数字、体型、（远处的）人影、（重要的）人物}

• One of the most colorful figures in boxing history was Daniel Mendoza who was born in 1764.
• They also found something which the X-ray plates did not show: a small wax figure of the god Duamutef.
• The actual figure was made of copper supported by a metal framework which had been especially constructed by Eiffel.
• In the torchlight, he caught sight of a figure whom he immediately recognized as Bill Wilkins, our local grocer.
• A farm worker, who stayed up all night, claimed to have seen a figure cutting corn in the moonlight.

He was a shrewd and wealthy businessman, but most people in the town hardly knew anything about this side of his life.

this side of his life ^{（his shrewdness and wealthiness）}

• Harry is very thrifty, but in the presence of his friends he never shows this side of his life (= his thriftiness).

He was known to us all as Dickie and his eccentricity had become legendary long before he died.

be known (to sb.) as sth. ^被称为是

• The disease is commonly known as Mad Cow Disease.
• He soon made a name for himself and came to be known to the Italians as Giovanni Acuto.

造句：Earvin Johnson is known to the Americans as 'Magic Johnson'. ^{美国人把 Earvin Johnson 称为魔术师约翰逊。}
造句：Li Bai is known to the Chinese as 'poet-immortal'.^{中国人把李白称为诗仙}

legendary ^{adj.非常有名的（famous / well-known）、传奇的}

• Robin Hood is a legendary hero. ^{传奇的英雄}
• the legendary Hollywood director Steven Spielberg ^著名的
• The Chinese are legendary for their hospitality. ^著称

Long before ^很久

Wu Song's strength and courage had become legendary long before he joined the Liangshan rebels. ^{在上梁山前很久，武松的力量和勇敢就已经很有名了。}

Dickie disliked snobs intensely.

dislike ^{v.不喜欢，厌恶}

• Dickie hated / abhorred / detested / loathed / abominated snobs intensely.
• Dickie found snobs repellent / repulsive / revolting / disgusting.
• Snobs repelled / repulsed / revolted / disgusted Dickie intensely.

Though he owned a large car, he hardly ever used it, preferring always to go on foot.

hardly ever ^{几乎、很少}

• seldom
• almost never
• rarely

prefer to do rather than do ^{宁愿做而不愿做}

• ..., preferring always to go on foot rather than go in his car. ^替换

造句：Though he owned several bodyguards, he hardly ever asked them to accompany him, preferring always to take a stroll on his own.^{尽管他有几个保镖，但他很少让他们陪着他，总是更喜欢独自一个人去散步 。}

Even when it was raining heavily, he refused to carry an umbrella.

raining heavily ^大雨倾盆

• It's raining hard / heavily.
• It's pouring.
• It's raining cats and dogs. ^{来自于雨下很大的时候，飘出来很多死猫和死狗}

One day, he walked into an expensive shop after having been caught in a particularly heavy shower.

... after he had been caught in a particularly heavy shower. ^{当连词使用时}

be caught in ... ^{遇到，陷入；淋雨}

• He was caught in a storm / traffic jam.

be struck by ...  ^{遭遇到（强调有惨重的损失）}

• In August, she was struck by a very heavy storm during which her rudder was torn away.
• One of the thieves was struck by a heavy statue, but he was too busy helping himself to diamonds to notice any pain.

He wanted to buy a £300 watch for his wife, but he was in such a bedraggled condition that an assistant refused to serve him.

金钱+ worth of + 物品

• a £300 watch = a £ 300 worth of watch

...but he was so bedraggled that ... ^{形容词没有名词正式}

• His family was so impoverished that he could hardly afford his tuition. →  His family was in such an impoverished condition that he could hardly afford his tuition.

Dickie left the shop without a word and returned carrying a large cloth bag.

Dumb dogs are dangerous. ^{不叫的狗咬人}

• dog does not eat dog. ^{同类不相残,同室不操戈}

As it was extremely heavy, he dumped it on the counter.

be extremely heavy ^非常重

• I have a very large barrel that is extremely heavy.^{我有一个非常大、非常沉的的桶。}
• The chair is extremely heavy.

weigh a ton ^{形容某物非常重}

• 'Jumbo must weigh a few tons,' said a policeman afterwards,...
• The chair weighs a ton.

dump ^拟声词

The assistant asked him to leave, but Dickie paid no attention to him and requested to see the manager.

Dickie paid no attention to him ^{迪基没有理睬他}

Dickie ignored him.
Dickie took no notice of him.
Dickie turned a deaf ear to him.
Dickie turned a blind eye to him.

Recognizing who the customer was, the manager was most apologetic and reprimanded the assistant severely.

most apologetic ^{深深的歉意（没有定冠词the）}

• "She" was extremely apologetic but would be coming that evening instead. ^{“她”对此非常抱歉，不过她会在第二天晚上再过来。}

When Dickie was given the watch, he presented the assistant with the cloth bag. ^{被动(避免频繁的变换主语)}

When the assistant gave Dickie the watch, Dickie presented the assistant with the cloth bag. ^{主动比较啰嗦(不断的切换主语)}

• She gave a lecture on modern American poetry and was attentively listened to. ^前主后被
• The old professor wheeled himself to the platform and was warmly applauded by the students.

It contained £300 in pennies.

in pennies ^{以便士(复数)的形式}

• He paid me in cash / dollars. ^{以现金\美金的形式付款}
• Write it in ink / pencil / English. ^{用钢笔、铅笔、英文的方式来写}
• I said good morning to him in French and he replied in the same language.

He insisted on the assistant's counting the money before he left — 30,000 pennies in all!

动名词的逻辑主语

• the assistant's counting the money 

一般来说，动名词的逻辑主语在正式文体中用属格（所有格），在非正式文体中用普通格。在《新概念英语》和考试中，均以正式文体为准。

On another occasion, he invited a number of important critics to see his private collection of modern paintings.

This exhibition received a great deal of attention in the press, for though the pictures were supposed to be the work of famous artists, they had in fact been painted by Dickie.

received a great deal of attention ^{受到了极大的关注}

• No creature has received more praise and abuse than the common garden snail.
• These young people, who love the peace of the mountains, always receive a warm welcome at St.Bernard's monastery.

the press ^新闻界

• the freedom of the press ^新闻自由
• In democratic countries any efforts to restrict the freedom of the press are rightly condemned. ^NCE3-45

It took him four years to stage this elaborate joke simply to prove that critics do not always know what they are talking about.

• ... critics do not always talk sense. ^{说得有理，说得对}
• ... critics sometimes talk nonsense. ^胡说八道