Lesson 20 Pioneer pilots飞行员的先驱单元复习

In 1908 Lord Northcliffe offered a prize of £1,000 to the first man who would fly across the English Channel.

Over a year passed before the first attempt was made.

before ^{时间介词的翻译}

• The bell struck thirteen times before it stopped. ^{发生得比预期要晚“才”}
• I hadn't waited long before he came. ^{发生得比预期要早“就”}
• I shaved before I went to the party. ^{按时间顺序“然后”}
• Alfred stayed in the camp a week before he returned to Athelney. ^NCE4-9

When ^{引导时间状语从句的翻译}

• He had travelled only seven miles across the Channel when his engine failed and he was forced to land on the sea.
• The plane had been planting seed for nearly a month when it began to rain.
• Shrugging my shoulders, I began to walk away when, a moment later, he ran after me and thrust the pen into my hands.

make ... attempt to do ^{尝试做某事}

• make an / no / little / the first / another attempt to do ^{名词更灵活，可以修改限定词}
• Latham made another attempt a week later and got within half a mile of Dover, but he was unlucky again.

造句：Over a month passed before the body was found.^{过了一个多月才有人发现了这具尸体。}
造句：Over a decade passed before the secret was revealed.^{过了十年多才有人出来揭示了这个秘密。}

On July 19th, 1909, in the early morning, Hubert Latham took off from the French coast in his plane the 'Antoinette Ⅳ'.

in the early / late morning / afternoon / evening ^{清早、晚些时候...}

take off ^{根据宾语确定翻译}

• Flight No.714 took off / landed at 8:30 a.m. ^{land 着陆}
• take off sth. ^脱衣服
• put on ^{穿衣服（放上去）}
• He took off / put on his coat.

take ... off ..^{使...脱离（前后都有宾语）}

• It is almost impossible to take your mind off the journey. ^NCE3-44
• She was so pretty— couldn't take my eyes off her.
• "Have you seen James without his beard?" "I know—it takes years off him!" ^{年轻好几岁}

take time off ^{暂停工作或休息一段时间（请假、休假）}

• Mitchel's schedule had not permitted him to take time off. ^{米切尔的日程表已不允许他休假。}
• We are very busy— so much so that we won't be able to take time off this year. ^{我们很忙—忙得今年都没时间休假了。}
• I have to take time off from work / school to go to the dentist. ^请假看牙
• take a day off ^请一天假
• take the afternoon off ^下午请假

He had travelled only seven miles across the Channel when his engine failed and he was forced to land on the sea.

travel + 距离 ^{强度路途不强调方式}

• He has to travel 20 miles to work every day.

be forced to do ^{被迫做某事（客观的原因）}

• She was forced to retire early due to ill health.
• ...and he had to make a forced landing. ^替换

be / feel obliged to do ^{觉得必须做某事（外部压力）}

• You need not feel obliged to contribute. ^{你不必认为你非得捐款。}
• President Nixon felt compelled to resign.

be / feel impelled to do  ^{觉得必须做某事（来自内心的动力）}

• I felt impelled to tell her the truth.
• I feel impelled to write a few lines. ^{我觉得有必要写给你几句话。}
• I feel impelled to express grave doubts about the project. ^{我觉得不得不对这项计划深表怀疑。}

be / feel bound to do ^{觉得必须做某事（受合同、协议等制约）}

• All the countries are bound to submit to the regulations.

be / feel necessary to do  It is necessary for ... to do 有必要 … 做

• It is necessary for developing a strong working spirit. ^{培养强烈的劳动精神很有必要。}
• It is necessary for schools to satisfy the need of all the students' development. ^{学校有必要满足所有学生的发展需要。}

must do / have to do ^{必须做某事}

• Do you have to water it now?
• She must be at least thirty-five years old.

The 'Antoinette' floated on the water until Latham was picked up by a ship.

pick up ⇔ sb. ^{接人、救起来}

"I'd really like to pick up Grandpa at the railroad station." "Railroad stations or airports, Grandpa always tells us he'll get here by himself." "He's something!"

• There he was picked up by a policeman and sent back to England by the local authorities.

pick up ⇔ sth. ^捡起来

• It is not long before they are so accustomed to swimming that they can pick up weights from the floor of the pool.
• Five days ago, the policeman told him, the bicycle was picked up in a small village four hundred miles away.
• As soon as he saw us, he picked up a long pipe which was covered with coins and opened one of the baskets.
• Glancing at the bits of wood and metal that lay around him, the man sadly picked up the mattress and carried it into his house.
• I picked up the receiver between two sticky fingers and was dismayed when I recognized the voice of Helen Bates.
• The phone rang and I picked it up.  ^接电话
• He has often described to me how he picked up a masterpiece for a mere £50. ^{买到便宜货}

pick up where we left off ^{从中断的地方继续}

• Let's pick up where we left off yesterday. ^{咱们从昨天停下的地方继续吧。}
• After lunch shall we pick up where we left off?

Chandler: Wait! I just want you to know that ... I'm so happy you're going to be here.
Janice: Oh, me too ...
Chandler: Because ... that way ... we can pick up where we left off. ^再续前缘
Janice: Huh?
Chandler: I never stopped loving you.

Two days later, Louis Bleriot arrived near Calais with a plane called 'No. XI'.

Louis ^{法文里的s不发音“路易”}

• Illinois ^{n.伊利诺斯州（美国州名）}
• Calais ^{n.加来（法国城市）}
• Charles ^{法国名“查理”、英国名“查理斯”}
• Chamonix ^{n.夏蒙尼（地名，法国小镇，是阿尔卑斯山脉的典型山城）}

After designing and building various types of experimental aircraft, he concentrated on developing the monoplane.
On July 25, 1909, he flew from Calais, France, to Dover, England, in one of his monoplanes, becoming the first aviator to cross the English Channel in a heavier-than-air machine.
During World War I Blériot's factory produced about 10,000 airplanes for the armed forces of France and the other Allied powers.

Bleriot had been making planes since 1905 and this was his latest model.

model ^{n.（车辆、机器的）型号}

• the latest model
• the most popular model
• My car is the latest model.

A week before, he had completed a successful overland flight during which he covered twenty-six miles.

Latham, however, did not give up easily.

not give up = stick it out ^坚持下去

Rachel: Oh God, I hate my job, I hate it, I hate my job, I hate it. Monica: I know honey, I'm sorry. Rachel: Oh, I wanna quit,but then I think I should stick it out.

• Latham, however, stuck it out. ^替换

He, too, arrived near Calais on the same day with a new 'Antoinette'.

It looked as if there would be an exciting race across the Channel.

It seems / looks as if / as though ... ^{看似，好像.…}

• It seems that all is not well at home.^{看来家中并非事事如意。}
• It seems like an act of monumental folly. ^{这似乎是一种非常愚蠢的行为。}
• It looks as if it had picture-books in it.^{看起来，好像里面有图画书。}
• It looks as if we were being pursued! ^{好像是在追我们！}
• It looks as though the weather is going to turn nasty again. ^{好像又要变天了。}
• It looks as though a compromise agreement has now been reached. ^{看起来好像现在已经达成了一个妥协协议。}

造句：It seemed / looked as if / as though there would be a heated argument between them. ^{看似他们之间将有一次激烈的争吵。}

promise to do ^{主语是人“承诺做某事”；主语是事物“有可能会怎样...”}

It promised to be an exciting race across the Channel. ^替换

• It promises to be warm today. ^{今天可能很暖和}
• Groundbreaking research by two French geophysicists promises to shed some light on the mystery.

Both planes were going to take off on July 25^th, but Latham failed to get up early enough.

After making a short test flight at 4.15 a.m., Bleriot set off half an hour later.

set out / off ^动身出发

• Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy waters of the North Atlantic, a huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a lookout.

start out / off ^开始出发

• At midnight we'll start out again, for at dawn tomorrow we must be at the Field of Wonders. ^{午夜我们再出发，这样明天黎明我们肯定到达那块神奇的土地了。}

When he landed near Dover, the first person to greet him was a local policeman.

The next man to approach me was selling expensive pens and watches. ^{句型结构类似}

Latham made another attempt a week later and got within half a mile of Dover, but he was unlucky again.

within ... of... ^{离...不到...(距离、时间)}

• I live within a mile of the city center.
• The company is within a week of bankruptcy.

His engine failed and he landed on the sea for the second time.

for the second time ^{第二次发生...}

• at the second time ^{在第二次的时候}
• for the first time ^{某事首次发生}
• at the first time ^{在第一次的时候}
• In 1929, three years after his flight over the North Pole, the American explorer, R.E, Byrd, successfully flew over the South Pole for the first time.
• For the first time in his life, he became the proud owner of a bed which had springs and a mattress.

"Is something still wrong, Robbie?" "I'll be OK." "Going away to college for the first time always makes one a little nervous." "I guess so. I'll be OK. I just need time to think."