Lesson 36 Across the Channel 横渡海峡

Across the Channel ^横渡 §

across the Atlantic ^{横渡大西洋}

• sail across the Atlantic
• fly across the English Channel
• run across the street
• cut across the park
• I drew a line across the page. ^{我在这一页上画了一条横线。}
• The boys swam across the lake.^{男孩子们游到了湖对岸。}
• There's a way across the fields. ^{有一条路穿过田地。}

the Channel ＝ the English Channel ^{英吉利海峡(当“C”大写时, 一定是指 the English Channel)}

• swim across the English Channel ^{across是一个介词，需要配合动词使用}
• It's running across the grass.
• It has sailed across the Atlantic many times.
• we were travelling across the Channel.

She is going to set out from the French coast at five o'clock in the morning. ^{at 5:00 am/a.m.}

set out ^出发

• The troops are about to set out. ^{部队就要出发了。}
• Relieved for the moment, Peter set out. ^{彼得暂时松了一口气，就出发了。}
• She put on a velvet veil, then set out. ^{她蒙上一块天鹅绒的面纱，然后出发了。}
• After resting a few minutes longer, they set out again. ^{休息了几分钟后，他们又出发了。}

Debbie is only eleven years old and she hopes to set up a new world record.

The eleven-year-old Debbie hopes to set up a new world record. ^{做定语用单数}

set up ^{为“创立，建立”(可以指某个具体的事物)}

• set up a school；^{如某个机构、组织等。}
• set up a new world record ^{创造新的世界纪录(也可以指抽象的)}

hope to do sth. ^{希望自己做…}

• We hope to arrive around two.^{我们希望能在两点钟左右到达。}
• He had one last hope to cling on to. ^{他还抱着最后的一线希望。}
• I hope to God they are paying you well. ^{我真心希望他们给你好的报酬。}

She is a strong swimmer and many people feel that she is sure to succeed.

feel (that) + 从句 ^{认为…，相信…}

• My parents feel that they can believe in you.
• I feel that I cannot go to the journey. ^{我感觉这次旅行我去不了。}
• I'm sure that she will succeed.

be sure to do sth. ^{一定能够, 必定会（肯定语气比“must”强，对某件事情动词有把握）}

• I am sure to succeed.
• He who follows two hares is sure to catch neither.
• Talk of the devil, and he is sure to appear. ^{说曹操，曹操到。}
• My dog's barking is sure to leave a deep impression on you.
• You are sure to pass the test. ^{你一定会通过这次考试。}

Chongqing’s delicious food, stunning views, and charming beauties are sure to leave a deep impression on you.  ^{重庆的美食、美景和美女一定会给你留下深刻印象。}

Debbie's father will set out with her in a small boat.

set out with ^{与...一起出发}

• We set out with enough provisions. ^{我们带上足够的食物出发了。}
• He set out with excitement, singing till he made the forest full of songs. ^{他兴奋地出发了，一直歌唱着直到森林里充满了歌声。}
• The parlour is set out with pictures. ^{客厅用画装饰起来。}

* Tomorrow he will be watching her anxiously as she swims the long distance to England. ^{时间状语从句的主将从现}

swim + 距离 ^{游过多长距离}

• All the world will be watching anxiously as the war broke out.^{(爆发战争)}
• We will be watching anxiously as you went (go) out. ^（牵挂)

注意：条件状语从句^{(真实假设)}与时间状语从句在表示将来时要替换成一般现在时^{(主将从现)}。

Debbie intends to take short rests every two hours.

take rest(s) ^休息

•  take short rests ^{休息短时间}
• We have done quite enough work for the morning; now let's take a break.^{今天上午我们做的工作够多的了，现在让我们休息一下吧。}
• Today is my day of rest. ^{今天是我的休息日。}
• After a long rest, he went on with his work. ^{rest 作“休息”时 可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词}

every ^{每(表示时间的名词前)}

She will have something to drink but she will not eat any solid food.

something to drink ^{可以喝的东西（不定式作定语）}

• have something to eat / read / do

Most of Debbie's school friends will be waiting for her on the English coast.

school friend ^校友

• He is my close friend from childhood. ^{他是我从小的密友。close / intimate friend 密友，挚友}
• They became life-long friends. ^{他们成了一辈子的朋友。life-long friend 终生的朋友，知己}
• We met through a mutual friend. ^{我们通过一位共同的朋友相识。mutual friend 共同的朋友}
• Don’t be a fair-weather friend. ^{不要做只能同甘不能共苦的朋友。fair-weather friend 酒肉朋友，只能同甘不能共苦的朋友}
• He is my old schoolmate. ^{他是我的老校友。}
• My classmate helped me with my homework. ^{我的同班同学帮我辅导作业。}
• My deskmate likes reading. ^{我的同桌喜欢阅读。}
• My roommate gets up early every day. ^{我的室友每天早起。}
• My teammate passed me the ball. ^{我的队友把球传给了我。}
• My workmate invited me to dinner. ^{我的同事邀请我吃饭。}
• She regards him as her soul mate. ^{她把他当成自己的灵魂知己。}

most + n. = most of the + n. ^{大多数的…}

• most young people / most of the young people will be waiting ^{将来进行时}
• I will be right here wating for you. ^{确定将要做某事时}

* Among them will be Debbie's mother, who swam the Channel herself when she was a girl.

Like father, like son. ^{有其父必有其子。}
Like mother, like daughter. ^{有其母必有其女。}

Debbie’s mother, who swam the Channel herself when she was a girl, will be among them. ^正常语序

完全倒装语序

表示“位置”或“次序”的状语置于句首，要用全部倒装。注1：主语若是代词不倒装。注2：谓语动词若是及物动词不倒装。

• Miss Green came in. ⇒ In came Miss Green.
• A temple stands on the hill. ⇒ On the hill stands a temple.
• Your turn comes now.  ⇒ Now comes your turn.
• A horse came next.  ⇒ Next came a horse.
• He went off.  ⇒ Off he went. ^{代词不倒装}
• John saw Mary on the hill.  ⇒ On the hill John saw Mary. ^{及物动物有宾语不倒装}

In the town where I was born lived a man  who sailed to sea and he told us of his life in the land of submarines.

运动场口语

• Well to go.^干得好
• Well done. ^干得好
• Yea! / Yeah! ^耶~
• bingo ^{int.(因出乎意料的成功而表示兴奋的叫声)瞧!}
• Go！ ^加油

一般将来时

在陈述句和疑问句中, 常常可用 be going to 来替代 shall 或 will。但有时不能用 be going to 代替 shall 或 will。在非正式语体下，要表示意图、打算，强调计划和安排，表示说话人也许对即将发生的事预先有所了解时，一般用 be going to 而不用will。如果表示说话时决定去做某事，或者表示建议、请求、肯定或不肯定等含义时，要用 will 而不用 be going to。

• You won’t forget to bring something to sleep in, will you? ^{（表示建议）}
• Don’t worry! I’ll bring a sleeping bag. ^{（表示决定）}
• I shan’t be able to look after the baby and cook lunch. ^{（shan’t = shall not）我不能既看孩子又做饭。}
• I’ll look after the baby while you cook lunch. ^{（表示决定 ）口语中while可以用在非延续性动词中}
• Tomorrow will be Tuesday.

表示将来的词组 §

plan to do / mean to do / aim to do / hope to do / want to do 这类词本身没有将来时态, 本身就表示将来, 用一般现在时表示将来时。

限定性的定语从句

非限定性的定语从句

限不限定与逗号无关，逗号只是表象，其根本还是名词是否应该处于被限定的范围，这和零冠词的名字与不定冠词之间的区别一样。“重庆”全宇宙就只有一个，所以无需限定。“小李”、“小王”可能在你们班上会有很几个，所以需要限定以表达更准确的名词指向。

非限定性名词类

• 永远确定的：专有名词(太阳、月亮、地球...)、独一无二(父母、七大姑八大姨、国家、城市...)
• 相对确定：在范围内的名词(小李、班主任、数学老师、同桌)，在上下文中只提过一次的。

非限定性定语从句不可以用that，限定性定语从句少了后面的句子, 这句话意思不完整,非限定性定语从句前面的句子完整, 后面的句子起着补充说明的作用，非限定性定语从句一旦有逗号隔开, 后面的句子和前面的句子关系不紧密, 起补充作用。

非限定性定语从句

1. 关系词不可省略^{(限定性做宾语可省略)}
2. 禁止使用"that"^{(无论指人指物)}
3. 指人的时候做宾语，只能使用"whom" §
4. 有逗号隔开。

专有名词

• This is the wall which they built last week. ^{限定性定语从句}
• This is the Great Wall , which world-famous. ^{非限定性定语从句}

1. He came from Beijing , which is the capital of China.
2. He came from a city which/that is in the north of China.
3. This is the businessman who/whom/that/- we are cooperating with.
4. This is Bill Gates , whom many people know as the richest man.

Among them will be Debbie's mother, who swam the Channel herself when she was a girl. ^补充说明