Lesson 12 Goodbye and good luck再见，一路顺风一般将来时

英文地点	错误译名	英文地点	错误译名	英文地点	错误译名
New York ^纽约	新乡	Red River Valley ^红河谷	丹江口	5th Avenue ^第五大道	五道口
Greenland ^格陵兰	青岛	Table mountain ^桌山	平顶山	Mont Blanc ^{勃朗峰(万宝龙)}	长白山
Pearl Harbour ^珍珠港	蚌埠	Portsmouth ^朴茨茅斯	浦口	Queensland ^昆士兰	秦皇岛
New foundland ^纽芬兰	新发地	Phoenix ^凤凰城	宝鸡	Westfield ^{韦斯特菲尔德}	西单
RockTown ^石城	石家庄	Broadway ^百老汇	宽街	Evergreen ^埃弗格林	长春
Hollywood ^好莱坞	吉林	Deep River ^深河	深圳	Iron Mountain ^艾恩山	铁岭

We'll meet him at the harbour early in the morning.

We'll = We will = We shall ^缩写

^{在表示时间的短语 in the morning，in the afternoon 等前面可以再加上 early，late 等副词，以便确切地表示时间}

early in the morning ^一大早	late in the afternoon ^傍晚
Late that morning, when I was doing the housework,My husband phoned me from the office. She is going to set out from the French coast at five o'clock in the morning.	In the afternoon, she usually sees her friends. Late in the afternoon, the boys put up their tent in the middle of a field.

He will be in his small boat, Topsail.

Topsail 同位语、小船的名词。取名是由 Top^(顶级) + sail^(航行),其用意为船主人对船的期望。

一般现在时	一般将来时^{(will后要动词原型is→be)}
He is in his small boat.^{他现在在小船里}	He will be in his small boat.^{他将会在小船里}

small boat VS little boat

small boat ^{尺寸较小的船只，可以是专业的小型船只，也可以是日常生活中使用的小船或小艇}	little boat ^{更侧重于强调船的尺寸小，使用 "little" 这个形容词突出了船只的可爱、迷你或娇小的特点}
One of the best ways to see the area is in a small boat. ^{参观这一地区的最好方式之一是乘小船。}	The little boat was swept out to sea. ^{小船被吹到大海的深处去了。}

It has sailed across the Atlantic many times.

once，twice，three times… 表示次数的时候, 不需要加 for：I do something twice.

across ^prep.穿过	over ^prep.^越过
There's a way across the fields. ^{是对某个细长物“横切、横断、横渡”等，尤指河流、马路、海洋等}	The water burbled over gravel.^{过桥用 over；翻墙也是 over}

Four oceans ^四大洋

the Atlantic ^大西洋	the Atlantic Ocean ^大西洋
the Pacific ^太平洋	the Pacific Ocean ^太平洋
the Indian _印度	the Indian Ocean ^印度洋
the Arctic _北极区	the Arctic Ocean ^北冰洋

Seven Continents ^七大洲

South America ^南美洲	American ^{美国人;美洲的}	Antarctica ^南极洲	Antarctican ^{南极洲人;南极洲的}
Asia ^亚洲	Asian ^{亚洲人;亚洲的}	Africa ^非洲	African ^{非洲人;非洲的}
Europe ^欧洲	European ^{欧洲人;欧洲的}	Oceania ^大洋洲	Oceanian ^{大洋洲人;大洋洲的}
North America ^北美洲	American ^{美国人;美洲的}	Antarctica ^南极洲	Antarctican ^{南极洲人;南极洲的}

Captain Alison will set out at eight o'clock, so we'll have plenty of time.^{(plenty of 足够多的…)}

set out ^{出发，动身}	set off ^{出发，启程}	begin something ^{开始做某事}
When they set out they were well prepared. ^{他们出发时有很充分的准备。}	They set off at a steady pace. ^{他们以不紧不慢的速度出发了。}	When will you begin recruiting? ^{你们何时开始招募人员？}

plenty 相对多^{（除了够还有富余）}

I have plenty of money.
I had plenty of space to write and sew. ^{我有足够的空间来写作和缝纫。}
I've been to plenty of live rock concerts. ^{我到过很多现场摇滚音乐会。}

enough ^{充足的，足够的(强调够)}	a lot of ^{指客观上的多(不一定够)}
They had enough cash for a one-way ticket. ^{他们有足够的现金买一张单程票。}	He's made a lot of new friends.

We'll see his boat and then we'll say goodbye to him.

see ^{看(见);参阅}

Can I see it? ^{我能看一下吗？}
We came specially to see you. ^{我们特意来看你。}
Shelley was overjoyed to see me. ^{谢莉看见我高兴极了。}

look ^看	watch ^{注视;观看}	visit ^{参观;游览}
You look absolutely stunning!^{你看上去漂亮极了。}	I don't want to watch telly.^{我不想看电视。}	It's my first visit to New York.^{这是我第一次访问纽约。}

say goodbye (to sb.) ^{告别（farewell）}

We'll have a party to say goodbye to her!^{我们将开个派对跟她告别！}
Hi, Tony! It's time to say goodbye to my school. ^{你好，托尼！是时候和我的学校说再见了。}
She didn't even say goodbye to her mother. ^{她甚至没有向母亲道个别。}
She bowed farewell to her friend. ^{她向朋友鞠躬告别。}
I now bid you farewell. ^{现在我要向你告别。}

say hello to (to sb.) ^{打招呼(greet sb.)}	say sorry to (to sb.) ^{道歉(apologize)}
I said hello to him this morning. ^{今天早上我和他打招呼了}	You must say sorry to somebody.

* He will be away for two months.

一般将来时^{(瞬间动词的使用)}	现在完成时^{(瞬间动词替换为其它动词)}
He will leave ~~for two months~~.^{瞬间动词不能与段时间连用}	He has been away for two hours.^{要用段时间就要将其变为 “系表结构”即 “be + 形容词或介词短语构成”}
He will leave. 他将要离开。✓ He will be away. 他将要离开。✓ ^{away adv. 修饰动词表“离开”状态的持续}	He left two hours ago. ^{一般过去时} He has been gone for two hours.^{他已离开两小时了}

leave 后不能接时间，这里一个瞬间动词(Open、Start、Finish、Break、Enter、Exit)，动作是瞬间完成的，所以我们不能说“拉出去枪毙5分钟”？？？

be + 形容词 = 主系表结构 ^{表状态来代替，状态就可以接一段时间}

arrive = be here / there	He arrived 10 minutes ago.✓	He has been here/there for 10 minutes.✓
leave = be away	He has left ~~for 10 minutes~~.	He has been gone for 10 minutes.✓
die = be dead ^{（adj. 死的，去世的）}	He has died ~~for ten years~~.	He has been dead for ten years. ✓

He will take part in an important race across the Atlantic.

take part (in) ^{参加，参与（某项活动）}

I was quite sulky, so I didn't take part in much. ^{我相当闷闷不乐，所以没有怎么参与。}
Only the best athletes take part. ^{只有最好的运动员能参加。}
Everyone should take part in recycling paper. ^{每个人都应该参与纸张回收。}
I have entered for the meeting,but now I don't want to take part in the meeting.

enter for^{报名参加(比赛)}
Every year I enter for the garden competition too.

an important race across the Atlantic ^{横渡大西洋的比赛（介词短语做定语放在被修饰词的后面）}

the person at the door ^{门口的那个人}

be in the race = take part in the race^参加比赛	at the race ^{在比赛场地观看比赛}
To win the race, you have to be in the race. ^重在参与 I encouraged him to take part in the race. There were twenty cars in the race.	There are many animals at the race. My wife and I were at the race.

语法知识一般将来时更新于:2026-02-14 06:48:11

一般将来时（Simple Future Tense）用于描述(现在的)将来发生的动作、事件或情况。在英语中，一般将来时通常由情态动词 "will" 或 "shall" 加上动词原形构成、或者 Be going to 结构。

表示意愿、决定或承诺	I shall help you with your homework.^{（我会帮你做作业。）} She will attend the meeting tomorrow.^{（她明天将参加会议。）} Will you marry me? ^意愿
表示预测、推测或猜测	It is going to rain tomorrow.^{（明天会下雨。）} They will probably arrive late.^{（他们可能会迟到。）}
表示计划、安排或预定	We will travel to Paris next month.^{（我们下个月会去巴黎旅行。）} He will have a meeting in the afternoon.^{（他下午有一个会议。）}
表示自愿、请求或建议	I am going to carry your bags for you.^{（我愿意帮你拿行李。）} Shall we go out for dinner tonight?^{（我们今晚出去吃饭吗？）}

shall/will + do § ^{(v.动词原形)}

will not 可缩略为 I’ll not 或 won’t，shall not 缩略 We shan’t（在美语中很少用 shall）

He will be a teacher. ^{将成为老师(He is a teacher.是老师)}
He is going to be a teacher. ^{Will与Be going to互换。}
He'll lose. ^{他要输了（不能用 be going to）}

be going to do § ^{(be = is/am/are)}	be gonna do ^{(代替going to 仅口语)}
be going to 与 shall/will 翻译为“打算”时一般可以互换。但与“打算”无关含义的句子里will 与 be going to do 不能互换。
I’ll miss you. ≠ ~~I am going to miss you~~.^{（不能用 be going to）} Will you marry me? ≈ Are you going to marry me?^{（虽然可以换，但通常只会用Will）} I'll be sixteen years old next year. ^{（不能用 be going to）}

句型转换

陈述句	否定句	疑问句
He will be a teacher.	He will not be a teacher.	Will he be a teacher?
He is going to be a teacher.	He is not going to be a teacher.	Is he going to be a teacher?

一般将来时表示的是将来的可能性，不代表一定会发生。因为将来无法预测。

be + to do sth. ^{表示计划安排在某事或用来征求意见}	I am to have a holiday.^(将去)If it rains, …^{一般现在时表示将要发生}
be about to do sth. ^{即将做某事}	She is about to embark on a diplomatic career.^{她即将开始外交生涯。}
will be doing ^{将来进行时表确定的将来}	they will be singing at the Workers' Club.^{(将来进行时)}
be doing ^{（瞬间动词）}	I'm coming to see you.

用现在进行时表示将来时态，用现在进行时表示将来的动词有：go，come，arrive，leave，die，land，join...

单词句型be动词搭配的词组更新于:2026-02-14 06:42:20

动词 be 如与不同的副词连用意义不同，意思主要由副词的意义决定

I'Il be out all morning. ^{我整个早上将都在外面的}
I went to Ted's house and asked to see him but he wasn't in. ^{（to see 去见；be in 在家）}
He will be away for two months. ^{(be away 表持续离开的状态)}
I' m going out now. I'Il be back at six o' clock. ^{（be back 表回来的状态）}
Why don't you forget about it? It's all over. ^{( be over 结束了)}
What's on at the local cinema this week？^{(be on 上映)}
She is very ill. She can't start work yet.She is not up to it. ^{(be up to 胜任、有能力)}

be + 副词的替换
When the concert ended, we went home.	When the concert was over, we went home.
You can't take the exam yet. You are not capable of it.	You can't take the exam yet. You are not up to of it.

be + 副词(adv.)

be in ^在家	I went to Ted' s house and asked to see him but he wasn' t in.
be out ^出去	I' ll be out all morning.
be away ^离开	He will be away for two months.
be on ^上映	What' s on at the local cinema this week.
be back ^回来	I'm going out now. I' Il be back at six o' clock.
be over ^结束	Why don' t you forget about it? It's all over.
be up to sth. ^{胜任某件事情, 能够做某件事}	She is very ill. She can' t start work yet.She is not up to it.

set + 副词^{(构成短语动词)}

set out/off ^{出发，动身}	When’ll you set out for London? ^{set off 出发，启程} I’ll set off for home the day after tomorrow.
set up ^{创立，建立}	They got married and set up home together in Hull.^{他们结婚了，一同在赫尔建立了新家。} The system is set up but it needs some fine-tuning.^{该系统已装配好，但需要一些细小调整。} Mr. Jackson has set up a school in the village. Has Tom set up a new world record? ^{set up a record 创造…记录}

扩展知识will 与 be going to的区别更新于:2026-01-24 12:56:36

be^(am/is/are) going to + do^(v.原型)	shall/will + do^(v.原型)
有事先预兆性将要发生，或者事先有计划、打算性的事要发生	shall用于第一称而will通用，强调“临时”决定的事情
It is so dark outside. It is going to rain. ^有预兆的 I have got an offer. I am going to study abroad next year. ^{有准备、有计划的}	Be careful! The box is too heavy. I will help you. ^{使用 be going to 也可，但不够“真诚”。} Will you marry me? ^{你愿意嫁给/娶我吗？(意愿)}

will 除了表将来，还做情态动词^{(愿意做某事)}。§

不规则动词的变化 §

原型	过去式	过去分词	现在分词
meet	met	met
set	set	set	setting

stray sheep ^{迷途的羊：指走失或离群的羊。在文学作品中也可以指迷失方向或迷茫的人。}

Lesson 11 One good turn deserves another

Lesson 13 The Greenwood Boys

Lesson 12 Goodbye and good luck再见，一路顺风一般将来时

与课文关联的单词

luck

captain *

sail

harbour

proud

important *

Our neighbour, Captain Charles Alison,will sail from Portsmouth tomorrow.开篇明义(决定整个文章的背景时态)

英语中常见地名

We'll meet him at the harbour early in the morning.

We'll = We will = We shall 缩写

He will be in his small boat, Topsail.

small boat VS little boat

It has sailed across the Atlantic many times.

Four oceans 四大洋

Seven Continents 七大洲

Captain Alison will set out at eight o'clock, so we'll have plenty of time.(plenty of 足够多的…)

plenty 相对多（除了够还有富余）

We'll see his boat and then we'll say goodbye to him.

see 看(见);参阅

say goodbye (to sb.) 告别（farewell）

* He will be away for two months.

be + 形容词 = 主系表结构 表状态来代替，状态就可以接一段时间

He will take part in an important race across the Atlantic.

take part (in) 参加，参与（某项活动）

an important race across the Atlantic 横渡大西洋的比赛（介词短语做定语放在被修饰词的后面）

shall/will + do § (v.动词原形)

句型转换

be + 副词(adv.)

set + 副词(构成短语动词)

不规则动词的变化 §

Lesson 12 Goodbye and good luck

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captain ^*

important ^*

Our neighbour, Captain Charles Alison,will sail from Portsmouth tomorrow.开篇明义^{(决定整个文章的背景时态)}

We'll = We will = We shall ^缩写

Four oceans ^四大洋

Seven Continents ^七大洲

Captain Alison will set out at eight o'clock, so we'll have plenty of time.^{(plenty of 足够多的…)}

plenty 相对多^{（除了够还有富余）}

see ^{看(见);参阅}

say goodbye (to sb.) ^{告别（farewell）}

be + 形容词 = 主系表结构 ^{表状态来代替，状态就可以接一段时间}

take part (in) ^{参加，参与（某项活动）}

an important race across the Atlantic ^{横渡大西洋的比赛（介词短语做定语放在被修饰词的后面）}

shall/will + do § ^{(v.动词原形)}

set + 副词^{(构成短语动词)}