Lesson 26 The best art critics 最佳艺术评论家

I am an art student and I paint a lot of pictures.

主修(专业)

• I am an art major.
• My major is art.
• I major in art

Many people pretend that they understand modern art.

pretend ^{v.假装、伪装、自诩}

• I pretend that things are really okay when they're not. ^{我在情况不好的时候假装一切真地没事。}
• Sometimes the boy pretended to be asleep. ^{有时候那个男孩子假装睡着了。}
• She can sunbathe and pretend she's in Cancun. ^{她会进行日光浴并假装她是在坎昆。}
• We do not pretend that the past six years have been without problems for us. ^{我们不假称过去的6年对我们来讲是没有问题的。}

They always tell you what a picture is 'about'. ^{特殊疑问句宾语从句} §

宾语从句

• You are right. ⇒ I know (that) you are right. ^陈述句
• What is a picture about? ⇒ They always tell you what a picture is about. ^{主+谓+双宾}
• What are you talking about? ⇒ I want to know what you are talking about.
• Where have you been? ⇒ I want to know where you have been.
• When did Tom leave? ⇒I want to know when Tom left. ^{改为陈述句语序}
• How did you get here? ⇒ I want to know how you got here.
• Who is he? ⇒I don’t know who he is.
• Who told you that? ⇒ I want to know who told you that. ^{不倒装的特殊疑问词保持不变}
• Who took my pen? ⇒ I want to know who took my pen.
• Which is yours? ⇒ I want to know which is yours.
• How many people are waiting? ⇒ I want to know how many people are waiting.

They are just pretty patterns.

patterns ^{n.模式，方式，规律}

• patterns of behavior/culture … ^{行为模式 / 文化模式}
• We study different patterns of behavior in this lesson. ^{我们在这节课学习不同的行为模式。}

We like them in the same way that we like pretty curtain material.^定语从句

We like them that we like pretty curtain material in the same way. ^{调整是为了更容易看出来“定语从句”}

in the same way that = (just) as… ^{正如…一样（写作替换）}

• Girls like dolls in the same way that boys like toy guns.
• I love you in the same way that I love New Concept English.
• … skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop.
• We like them as we like pretty curtain material. ^写作替换
• The son walked in the same way that his father (walked/did). ^{(一样的路)}
• The son walked as his father (walked).^{(走路一样)}
• I love you in the same way that I love my father. ^{我爱你就像我爱我父亲一样。}
• I love you just in the same way that I love money.^{我爱你就像我爱钱一样。}

I think that young children often appreciate modern pictures better than anyone else.

better than anyone else ^{比其他任何人(表示最高级的含义)}

• He is taller than anyone else in the school.
• He runs faster than anyone else in his class.
• I can find nothing else here except an old dictionary.
• They can appreciate modern arts best.
• The teacher is the tallest. ^{用比较级表示最高级}
• The teacher is taller than anyone else. ^{(“else”不能少, 把主语从“anyone”中排除)}
• The book is more expensive than anything else.

else ^{adv. 多位于 ‘some-’ , ‘every-’ ，‘any-’ ， ‘no-’ 开头的单词或疑问词后, 表示 “其他的…， 别的…”} 

• He married someone else.
• You have to sit somewhere else.
• Where else did you go?

My sister is only seven, but she always tells me whether my pictures are good or not. ^{一般疑问句宾语从句}

whether…or not ^{可以表示选择}

• I don’t know whether you are interested (in it) or not.
• You must help him, whether you like him or not. ^{不管你是否喜欢他，你（都）必须帮助他。}

if / whether ^{引导的宾语从句（意为“是否”，不可省）}

• Are you a doctor? I want to know if you are a doctor.
• Have you finished your work? I want to know if you have finished your work.
• Do you love me? I want to know if you love me.
• Does Mary need any help? I want to know if Mary needs any help.

'I'm hanging this picture on the wall,' I answered.

'It's all right,' she said, 'but isn't it upside down?' ^{否定疑问句}

Isn’t it upside down? ＝It’s upside down. ^{没有否定的意思，起肯定、强调作用，表达一种情绪}

• Aren't you lucky? ^{你真幸运啊(难道你不幸运吗)}
• Isn't it a boy? ^{难道不是男孩吗?}
• Don’t you want something to eat?
• Isn’t it an interesting book?

宾语从句^(复合句)

在简单句中，我们的宾语通常是一个名词，名词可以是一个物品也可以是一件事情，物品可以使用单个词说明，但有时候事情比较复杂时，就会变化，所以当我们描述一件事情时这件事情是一个独立的句子，做为主语的宾语，当使用一个句子做宾语时，就被称为“宾语从句”。

定义：使用一个句子做宾语 ^{（主谓宾；主谓双宾；主谓宾+宾补）}

结构：主语 + 谓语 + 引导词 + 陈述句.

功能：补充和扩展主句的含义^{（表达观点）}、帮助构建更复杂和详细的句子结构。它可以用来提供信息、回答问题、表达感觉和态度等。

结论：连接词 + 陈述句 = 宾语从句 ^{选择连接词的原则，分析陈述句缺什么}

尽管 "whether" 通常用于陈述句，但在口语中，人们通常会使用 "if" 来代替 "whether"，而在书面语中，"whether" 更为正式。因此，在大多数情况下，这两个词可以互换使用，但请记住，在书面语或正式场合中，"whether" 更常见。

宾语从句的类型

宾语从句通过只能放到谓语后或者介词后面，最常见的是一个及物动词接单宾或者双宾，其次是介词后跟宾语，形介宾不常见，只需要了解。