Dickie disliked snobs intensely.
dislike v.不喜欢，厌恶
- Dickie hated / abhorred / detested / loathed / abominated snobs intensely.
- Dickie found snobs repellent / repulsive / revolting / disgusting.
- Snobs repelled / repulsed / revolted / disgusted Dickie intensely.
Though he owned a large car, he hardly ever used it, preferring always to go on foot.
hardly ever 几乎、很少
- seldom
- almost never
- rarely
prefer to do rather than do 宁愿做而不愿做
-
..., preferring always to go on foot rather than go in his car. 替换
造句：Though he owned several bodyguards, he hardly ever asked them to accompany him, preferring always to take a stroll on his own.尽管他有几个保镖，但他很少让他们陪着他，总是更喜欢独自一个人去散步 。
Even when it was raining heavily, he refused to carry an umbrella.
raining heavily 大雨倾盆
- It's raining hard / heavily.
- It's pouring.
- It's raining cats and dogs. 来自于雨下很大的时候，飘出来很多死猫和死狗
One day, he walked into an expensive shop after having been caught in a particularly heavy shower.
| 动名词的时态和语态 | ||
|---|---|---|
| 时态/语态 | 主动 | 被动 |
| 一般时 | doing | being done |
| 完成时 | having done | having been done |
... after he had been caught in a particularly heavy shower. 当连词使用时
be caught in ... 遇到，陷入；淋雨
- He was caught in a storm / traffic jam.
be struck by ... 遭遇到（强调有惨重的损失）
- In August, she was struck by a very heavy storm during which her rudder was torn away.
- One of the thieves was struck by a heavy statue, but he was too busy helping himself to diamonds to notice any pain.
He wanted to buy a £300 watch for his wife, but he was in such a bedraggled condition that an assistant refused to serve him.
金钱+ worth of + 物品
- a £300 watch = a £ 300 worth of watch
...but he was so bedraggled that ... 形容词没有名词正式
- His family was so impoverished that he could hardly afford his tuition. → His family was in such an impoverished condition that he could hardly afford his tuition.
| serve sb. with sth. 把东西拿给某人 | serve sth. to sb. 把某物给某人 |
|---|---|
| ... refused to serve him with the watch. | ... refused to serve the watch to him. |
Dickie left the shop without a word and returned carrying a large cloth bag.
Dumb dogs are dangerous. 不叫的狗咬人
- dog does not eat dog. 同类不相残,同室不操戈
As it was extremely heavy, he dumped it on the counter.
be extremely heavy 非常重
- I have a very large barrel that is extremely heavy.我有一个非常大、非常沉的的桶。
- The chair is extremely heavy.
weigh a ton 形容某物非常重
- 'Jumbo must weigh a few tons,' said a policeman afterwards,...
- The chair weighs a ton.
dump 拟声词
| drum 鼓 | bomb 炸弹 | balloon 气球 |
| jump 跳 | slam “砰”地关上 | clap 拍手，鼓掌 |
| click 咔哒声（点鼠标） | clatter 卡搭卡搭的响 | smack 咂嘴、掌掴 |
The assistant asked him to leave, but Dickie paid no attention to him and requested to see the manager.
Dickie paid no attention to him 迪基没有理睬他
Dickie ignored him.
Dickie took no notice of him.
Dickie turned a deaf ear to him.
Dickie turned a blind eye to him.
| request v.请求 | require v.要求 |
|---|---|
| You're requested not to smoke here. 请勿吸烟 | You're required not to smoke here. 禁止吸烟 |
Recognizing who the customer was, the manager was most apologetic and reprimanded the assistant severely.
most apologetic 深深的歉意（没有定冠词the）
- "She" was extremely apologetic but would be coming that evening instead. “她”对此非常抱歉，不过她会在第二天晚上再过来。
When Dickie was given the watch, he presented the assistant with the cloth bag. 被动(避免频繁的变换主语)
When the assistant gave Dickie the watch, Dickie presented the assistant with the cloth bag. 主动比较啰嗦(不断的切换主语)
- She gave a lecture on modern American poetry and was attentively listened to. 前主后被
- The old professor wheeled himself to the platform and was warmly applauded by the students.
| present sb. with sth. 恭敬的呈上某物给某人 | present sth. to sb. 恭敬的把某物呈给某人 |
|---|---|
| The mayor presented him with a gold medal at an official city reception. 市长在一次正式的市招待会上给他颁发了一枚金质奖章。 |
He entered the cell and presented the letter to the aristocrat. |
It contained £300 in pennies.
in pennies 以便士(复数)的形式
- He paid me in cash / dollars. 以现金\美金的形式付款
- Write it in ink / pencil / English. 用钢笔、铅笔、英文的方式来写
- I said good morning to him in French and he replied in the same language.
He insisted on the assistant's counting the money before he left — 30,000 pennies in all!
动名词的逻辑主语
- the assistant's counting the money
一般来说，动名词的逻辑主语在正式文体中用属格（所有格），在非正式文体中用普通格。在《新概念英语》和考试中，均以正式文体为准。
| 正式文体 | 非正式（普通） |
|---|---|
| Do you mind my smoking here？ | Do you mind me smoking here？ |
| 'Would you mind my coming with you?' he asked | 'Would you mind me coming with you?' he asked |
| Your falling into the river was the climax of the whole trip. | You falling into the river was the climax of the whole trip. |
出现下列情况时，即使在正式文体中，动名词的逻辑主语也习惯使用普通格。 |
|
| 逻辑主语为名词指物 | The children are looking forward to spring coming. |
| 逻辑主语为多个名词 | Do you remember Mary and her mother coming to see us last June? |
| 逻辑主语为以“s”结尾的名词 | It's a disaster the bosses shutting all those factories. |
| 逻辑主语与动名词分离 | I remember mother once telling us a story about the fox. |
|
逻辑主语为不定代词（someone, everything, something ...）、指示代词（this, that ...） |
|
| insist on ... 坚持 | insist that ... 引导从句 |
|---|---|
|
No matter how busy you are, he always insists on coming with you. |
|
On another occasion, he invited a number of important critics to see his private collection of modern paintings.
This exhibition received a great deal of attention in the press, for though the pictures were supposed to be the work of famous artists, they had in fact been painted by Dickie.
received a great deal of attention 受到了极大的关注
- No creature has received more praise and abuse than the common garden snail.
- These young people, who love the peace of the mountains, always receive a warm welcome at St.Bernard's monastery.
the press 新闻界
- the freedom of the press 新闻自由
- In democratic countries any efforts to restrict the freedom of the press are rightly condemned. NCE3-45
It took him four years to stage this elaborate joke simply to prove that critics do not always know what they are talking about.
- ... critics do not always talk sense. 说得有理，说得对
- ... critics sometimes talk nonsense. 胡说八道