Lesson 5 No wrong numbers无错号之虞现在完成时 一般过去时

Mr.James Scott has a garage in Silbury and now he has just bought another garage in Pinhurst.

garage ^{n. 车库, 车行（英美读音不同）}

Pinhurst is only five miles from Silbury, but Mr. Scott cannot get a telephone for his new garage, so he has just bought twelve pigeons.

get a telephone ^{得到电话(安装电话)}

1. This company installs phones for businesses.
2. We need to set up the phone in the new office.
3. The technician will connect the phone lines tomorrow.
4. I activated the new phone line yesterday.
5. The IT team will deploy the phones throughout the building.
6. The electrician hooked up the phones to the main system.
7. He configured the phone system to work with our network.
8. They mounted the phone on the wall in the conference room.

Yesterday, a pigeon carried the first message from Pinhurst to Silbury.

from…to… ^{表示从一个地方到另一个地方}

• He looked at the girl from head to foot.
• The news spread from house to house. 家家户户都得知了这条消息。

The bird covered the distance in three minutes.

cover the distance ^{飞过那段距离}

• The searchers spread out to cover the area faster. ^{搜索人员分散开来，好更快地搜索这一地区。}
• It took three applications of paint to cover the graffiti. ^{刷了三道油漆才盖住了涂鸦。}
• Leftover food and unwashed dishes cover the dirty counters. ^{剩饭和没洗的盘子铺满了肮脏的台面。}

Up to now, Mr.Scott has sent a great many requests for spare parts and other urgent messages from one garage to the other.

up to now ^{直到现在为止}

• Up to now he's been very quiet.^{到目前为止，他一直很安静。}
• Up to now, he has not been very hard-working. ^{到目前为止，他一直不是很用功。}
• Up to now, the bank has revised its estimate very little. ^{至今为止，世行对此估计修改甚少。}

到目前为止，到现在为止(作时间状语，时态多用现在完成时，相当于 until / till now),现在的之前，持续到现在，所以要用现在完成时。

request for ^{对…的需求}

• They made a request for further aid. ^{他们要求再给一些帮助。}
• I also put in a request for some overtime. ^{我也提出了支付加班费的请求。}
• As for the organization itself, it declined a request for an interview. ^{至于该组织本身，它拒绝了采访的要求。}

urgent ^{adj. 紧急的}

• something urgent ^{紧急的事情}

上一课: Lesson 4 An exciting trip

• a (great / large) number of ... + 可数名词复数
• a great deal of ... + 不可数名词

In this way, he has begun his own private 'telephone' service.

• Each year, hundreds of animals are killed in this way. ^{每年，数百只动物就是这样被杀死的。}
• He performed in this way for many years. ^{他就这样表演了很多年。}
• In this way the stories were passed along. ^{故事就这样流传下去。}

在表示过去某个特定时间发生的事情或动作时，要用一般过去时。在表示刚刚或者已经完成一个动作 并且对现在有影响时，则要用现在完成时，时间状语可以是不特指的 now，just 或者 for 引导的一段时间， 或者不加任何时间状语。

关于系动词

一般来说, 如 be become 一定不单独使用, 往往要在后面加上表语, 我们称它为系动词，但另外还有一些系动词同时又是不及物的实义动词。
常见的有 : seem, look, appear, sound, taste, feel, smell, stay, remain, keep, grow, turn, go, run, get, prove, stand 等, 这些词有的语法书上称为半联系动词.

通过时间标志判断

• Did you listen (listen) to the concert last night?
• Up till now, he has never lent (lend) me anything.
• When did you lose (lose) your umbrella.

• He has finished the homework. ^{事做完了，但影响到现在}
• We have learned English for ten years. ^{事没有做完，从过去持续到现在。}