一路顺风_夸克英语笔记

精讲课笔记随视频锁定

一路顺风

右侧笔记支持独立滚动。边听名师连读拆解，边对照右侧的语法事实与统计数据笔记。

Our neighbour, Captain Charles Alison,will sail from Portsmouth tomorrow.

开篇明义^{(决定整个文章的背景时态)}

英语中常见地名

在地名合成词时，发音本身让嘴张大的词会变小。合成词后缀，原本大口元音会弱化成央元音 /ə/（schwa 央元音，嘴放松变小）

Portsmouth ^{（单独 mouth /maʊθ/，/aʊ/ 要张大嘴）/ˈpɔːtsməθ/ 朴茨茅斯}
Dartmouth college ^{合成地名后缀 -mouth → /məθ/，元音变成轻 /ə/，嘴很小；/ˈdɑːtməθ/ 达特茅斯}
England Scotland Switzerland ^{（land 单独 /lænd/，合成后缀变成 /lənd/）}
Englishman Frenchman dustman ^{（man 单独读：/mæn/ ✦ /æ/ 嘴巴张大）合成词后缀 -man → /mən/，弱读成 /ə/，嘴收小}

英文地点	错误译名	英文地点	错误译名	英文地点	错误译名
New York ^纽约	新乡	Red River Valley ^红河谷	丹江口	5th Avenue ^第五大道	五道口
Greenland ^格陵兰	青岛	Table mountain ^桌山	平顶山	Mont Blanc ^{勃朗峰(万宝龙)}	长白山
Pearl Harbour ^珍珠港	蚌埠	Portsmouth ^朴茨茅斯	浦口	Queensland ^昆士兰	秦皇岛
New foundland ^纽芬兰	新发地	Phoenix ^凤凰城	宝鸡	Westfield ^{韦斯特菲尔德}	西单
RockTown ^石城	石家庄	Broadway ^百老汇	宽街	Evergreen ^埃弗格林	长春
Hollywood ^好莱坞	吉林	Deep River ^深河	深圳	Iron Mountain ^艾恩山	铁岭

We'll meet him at the harbour early in the morning.

We'll = We will = We shall ^缩写

^{在表示时间的短语 in the morning，in the afternoon 等前面可以再加上 early，late 等副词，以便确切地表示时间}

meet sb. ^{在约定场所与某人见面}

I will meet you at the station. ^{我会在车站和你见面。}

see/wave sb. off ^{为某人送行}	John went to the door to see her off. ^{约翰走到门口为她送行。} John went to the door to wave her off. ^{约翰走到门口挥手送她离开。}
say/wave goodbye to sb. ^{向某人道别}	He said goodbye to his parents. ^{他向父母道别。} She waved goodbye to us. ^{她向我们挥手告别。}
wave sb. goodbye ^{向某人挥手道别（双宾语结构）}	We waved him goodbye. ^{我们向他挥手道别。}
kiss sb. goodbye ^吻别某人	He kissed her goodbye at the airport. ^{他在机场和她吻别。}

early in the morning ^一大早

late in the afternoon ^傍晚	In the afternoon, she usually sees her friends. Late in the afternoon, the boys put up their tent in the middle of a field.

He will be in his small boat, Topsail.

Topsail 同位语、小船的名词。取名是由 Top^(顶级) + sail^(航行),其用意为船主人对船的期望。

一般现在时	一般将来时^{(will后要动词原型is→be)}
He is in his small boat.^{他现在在小船里}	He will be in his small boat.^{他将会在小船里}

small boat VS little boat

small boat ^{尺寸较小的船只，可以是专业的小型船只，也可以是日常生活中使用的小船或小艇}	little boat ^{更侧重于强调船的尺寸小，使用 "little" 这个形容词突出了船只的可爱、迷你或娇小的特点}
One of the best ways to see the area is in a small boat. ^{参观这一地区的最好方式之一是乘小船。}	The little boat was swept out to sea. ^{小船被吹到大海的深处去了。}

It has sailed across the Atlantic many times.

once，twice，three times… 表示次数的时候, 不需要加 for：I do something twice.

动词 + across + 宾语

sail across the Atlantic
fly across the English Channel
walk across the country

cross + 宾语 + 方式状语

cross the Atlantic by boat
cross the English Channel by plane
cross the country on foot

across ^prep.穿过	over ^prep.^越过
There's a way across the fields. ^{是对某个细长物“横切、横断、横渡”等，尤指河流、马路、海洋等}	The water burbled over gravel. ^{过桥用 over；翻墙也是 over}

Four oceans ^四大洋

the Atlantic ^大西洋	the Atlantic Ocean ^大西洋
the Pacific ^太平洋	the Pacific Ocean ^太平洋
the Indian _{印度（人/洋）}	the Indian Ocean ^印度洋
the Arctic _北极区	the Arctic Ocean ^北冰洋

Seven Continents ^七大洲

South America ^南美洲	American ^{美国人;美洲的}	Antarctica ^南极洲	Antarctican ^{南极洲人;南极洲的}
Asia ^亚洲	Asian ^{亚洲人;亚洲的}	Africa ^非洲	African ^{非洲人;非洲的}
Europe ^欧洲	European ^{欧洲人;欧洲的}	Oceania ^大洋洲	Oceanian ^{大洋洲人;大洋洲的}
North America ^北美洲	American ^{美国人;美洲的}	Antarctica ^南极洲	Antarctican ^{南极洲人;南极洲的}

Captain Alison will set out at eight o'clock, so we'll have plenty of time.

set out ^{出发，动身}

When they set out they were well prepared.^{他们出发时有很充分的准备。}

set off ^{出发，启程}	begin something ^{开始做某事}
They set off at a steady pace. ^{他们以不紧不慢的速度出发了。}	When will you begin recruiting? ^{你们何时开始招募人员？}

plenty of ^{相对多（除了够还有富余）}

I have plenty of money.
I had plenty of space to write and sew. ^{我有足够的空间来写作和缝纫。}
I've been to plenty of live rock concerts. ^{我到过很多现场摇滚音乐会。}
We have plenty of time. ^{我们有充裕的时间。}

enough ^{充足的，足够的(强调够)}	a lot of ^{指客观上的多(不一定够)}
They had enough cash for a one-way ticket. ^{他们有足够的现金买一张单程票。}	He's made a lot of new friends.

替换表达 plenty of ...

more than enough … ^{绰绰有余，足够多（口语常用）}	There is more than enough food for everyone. ^{食物供给所有人绰绰有余。}
ample … ^{充足的，充裕的（书面）}	There is ample space in the room. ^{房间里有充足的空间。}
abundant … ^{大量的，丰盛的（书面，多指资源、物产丰富）}	The area has abundant natural resources. ^{该地区拥有丰富的自然资源。}
an abundance of … ^{大量的，充裕的（书面，后接可数/不可数名词）}	There is an abundance of fresh water here. ^{这里有大量淡水。}

We'll see his boat and then we'll say goodbye to him.

see ^{看(见);参阅}

Can I see it? ^{我能看一下吗？}
We came specially to see you. ^{我们特意来看你。}
Shelley was overjoyed to see me. ^{谢莉看见我高兴极了。}

look ^看	watch ^{注视;观看}	visit ^{参观;游览}
You look absolutely stunning!^{你看上去漂亮极了。}	I don't want to watch telly.^{我不想看电视。}	It's my first visit to New York.^{这是我第一次访问纽约。}

say goodbye (to sb.) ^{告别（farewell）}

We'll have a party to say goodbye to her!^{我们将开个派对跟她告别！}
Hi, Tony! It's time to say goodbye to my school. ^{你好，托尼！是时候和我的学校说再见了。}
She didn't even say goodbye to her mother. ^{她甚至没有向母亲道个别。}
She bowed farewell to her friend. ^{她向朋友鞠躬告别。}
I now bid you farewell. ^{现在我要向你告别。}
Goodbye. / Bye. / Bye-bye.
Bye for now. ^再会
See you (later/around/soon).
See you later, alligator. ^押韵
After a while, crocodile. ^押韵
So long.^{难以再见...}

Dane: Maybe I’ll wait in the park.
Martha: Never mind. I’m going. Another
time. Ta-ta. ^再见
Justine: Ta. ^再见

say hello to (to sb.) ^{打招呼(greet sb.)}	say sorry to (to sb.) ^{道歉(apologize)}
I said hello to him this morning. ^{今天早上我和他打招呼了}	You must say sorry to somebody.
say thank you to sb. ^{向某人致谢}	say yes/no to sth. ^{同意/拒绝某事}
I said thank you to my teacher. ^{我向我的老师表达了感谢。} No one came out and said thank you to him. ^{没人过来向他表示感谢。}	He said yes to the plan. ^{他同意了这个计划。} We must say no to drugs. ^{我们必须拒绝毒品。}

* He will be away for two months.

be + 副词

He is away. ^{他离开了。（be away 状态，可接时间段）}
She will be back soon. ^{她很快就回来。be back 返回，回来（状态）}
My mum is out. ^{我妈妈出去了，不在家。出去了，不在（be out 不在家/不在现场）}
Is your father in? ^{你爸爸在家吗？（be in 在家，在里面）}
The game is all over. ^{比赛全部结束了。be (all) over （完全）结束了，过去了}
The light/TV/computer is on. ^{be on 电影在上映/机器在运转/事情在继续}
The battle is still on. ^{动词 + on 继续做，be + on 状态继续}
Don’t worry about grammar, so long as the communication is still on.
He is not up to the task. ^{他不胜任这项任务。be not up to sth. 不胜任某事；无法胜任}

一般将来时^{(瞬间动词的使用)}	现在完成时^{(瞬间动词替换为其它动词)}
He will leave ~~for two months~~.^{瞬间动词不能与段时间连用}	He has been away for two hours.^{要用段时间就要将其变为 “系表结构”即 “be + 形容词或介词短语构成”}
He will leave. 他将要离开。✓ He will be away. 他将要离开。✓ ^{away adv. 修饰动词表“离开”状态的持续}	He left two hours ago. ^{一般过去时} He has been gone for two hours.^{他已离开两小时了}

leave 后不能接时间，这里一个瞬间动词(Open、Start、Finish、Break、Enter、Exit)，动作是瞬间完成的，所以我们不能说“拉出去枪毙5分钟”？？？

be + 形容词 = 主系表结构 ^{表状态来代替，状态就可以接一段时间}

arrive = be here / there	He arrived 10 minutes ago.✓	He has been here/there for 10 minutes.✓
leave = be away	He has left ~~for 10 minutes~~.	He has been gone for 10 minutes.✓
die = be dead ^{（adj. 死的，去世的）}	He has died ~~for ten years~~.	He has been dead for ten years. ✓

He will take part in an important race across the Atlantic.

take part (in) ^{参加，参与（某项活动）}

I was quite sulky, so I didn't take part in much. ^{我相当闷闷不乐，所以没有怎么参与。}
Only the best athletes take part. ^{只有最好的运动员能参加。}
Everyone should take part in recycling paper. ^{每个人都应该参与纸张回收。}
I have entered for the meeting,but now I don't want to take part in the meeting.

enter for ^{报名参加(比赛)}	Every year I enter for the garden competition too.

an important race across the Atlantic ^{横渡大西洋的比赛（介词短语做定语放在被修饰词的后面）}

the person at the door ^{门口的那个人}

be in the race = take part in the race^参加比赛	at the race ^{在比赛场地观看比赛}
To win the race, you have to be in the race. ^重在参与 I encouraged him to take part in the race. There were twenty cars in the race.	There are many animals at the race. My wife and I were at the race.

一路顺风

Our neighbour, Captain Charles Alison,will sail from Portsmouth tomorrow.

开篇明义(决定整个文章的背景时态)

英语中常见地名

We'll meet him at the harbour early in the morning.

We'll = We will = We shall 缩写

meet sb. 在约定场所与某人见面

early in the morning 一大早

He will be in his small boat, Topsail.

small boat VS little boat

It has sailed across the Atlantic many times.

动词 + across + 宾语

cross + 宾语 + 方式状语

Four oceans 四大洋

Seven Continents 七大洲

Captain Alison will set out at eight o'clock, so we'll have plenty of time.

set out 出发，动身

plenty of 相对多（除了够还有富余）

替换表达 plenty of ...

We'll see his boat and then we'll say goodbye to him.

see 看(见);参阅

say goodbye (to sb.) 告别（farewell）

* He will be away for two months.

be + 副词

be + 形容词 = 主系表结构 表状态来代替，状态就可以接一段时间

He will take part in an important race across the Atlantic.

take part (in) 参加，参与（某项活动）

an important race across the Atlantic 横渡大西洋的比赛（介词短语做定语放在被修饰词的后面）

开篇明义^{(决定整个文章的背景时态)}

We'll = We will = We shall ^缩写

meet sb. ^{在约定场所与某人见面}

early in the morning ^一大早

Four oceans ^四大洋

Seven Continents ^七大洲

set out ^{出发，动身}

plenty of ^{相对多（除了够还有富余）}

see ^{看(见);参阅}

say goodbye (to sb.) ^{告别（farewell）}

be + 形容词 = 主系表结构 ^{表状态来代替，状态就可以接一段时间}

take part (in) ^{参加，参与（某项活动）}

an important race across the Atlantic ^{横渡大西洋的比赛（介词短语做定语放在被修饰词的后面）}