新概念英语第二册

Lesson 44 Through the forest穿过森林doing 动名词

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Lesson 43 Over the South Pole

Lesson 45 A clear conscience

9个相关单词

与课文关联的单词

forest

/ˈfɒrɪst/n. 森林

risk ^*

/rɪsk/n. 危险，冒险

picnic

/ˈpɪknɪk/n. 野餐

edge ^*

/edʒ/n. 边缘

strap

/stræp/n. 带，皮带

possession

/pəˈzeʃ(ə)n/n. 所有

breath

/breθ/n. 呼吸

contents

/ˈkɒntents/n. （常用复数）内有的物品

mend ^*

/mend/v. 修理

课文理解女汉子更新于:2026-03-13 10:02:35

Mrs. Anne Sterling did not think of the risk (that) she was taking when she ran through a forest after two men.

think of… ^{考虑，思考}	think about… ^{考虑，思考，思索}
Have you ever thought of settling down in this town? She never thought of it again, but ten months later, she received a letter from a girl in Holland. Harrison had thought of everything except the weather.	Everyday I thought about postcards. I'll have a think about that.^{我会就那件事有所考虑。} I prefer not to think about it.^{我不想考虑此事。}

take a risk（of doing） ^冒…风险

This is such a big risk that it will probably make you never want to take a risk again. ^{这是一个很大的风险，它可能会让你再也不想冒险了。}
Vimala guessed what was wrong, so she decided to take a risk.^{维玛拉猜出了问题所在，所以她决定冒险一试。}

run after ^{追赶；追随；追求}	The police are running after a thief.
run behind ^{在某人后面跑}	I ran behind him.
run to ^跑向	When he was driving along Catford Street recently, he saw two thieves rush out of a shop and run towards a waiting car.

* They had rushed up to her while she was having a picnic at the edge of a forest with her children and tried to steal her handbag.

rush up to sb. ^{迎面冲向某人}	You still choose to rush up to your ambitions, running at the fastest speed.^{坚守信念，勇往直前}
rush down ^匆忙下去	Mountain torrents rush down from the cliff. ^{山里的湍流从峭壁上直泻而下。}
go down ^{接着往前走,不用回头}	Go down the road till you reach the traffic lights. ^{沿着这条路一直走到红绿灯处。}

have a picnic ^野餐

She will have a picnic. ^{她要去野餐。}
Jack, let's have a picnic after school.^{杰克，放学后我们去野餐吧。}

at the edge of ^{在…的边上}

The park lies at the edge of the town.
He came to a halt at the edge of a steep incline.^{他停步在一个陡坡的边上。}

up to ^{直到;一直到(地点/时间)…}	He worked up to nine o’clock in the evening.
up to ^{由…负责;胜任}	He's not up to the job..

* In the struggle, the strap broke and, with the bag in their possession, both men started running through the trees.

in one's possession = in the possession of sb. ^{为某人所拥有…}

I went out of the book shop with book in my possession.
The house used to be in my possession, but now it is in the possession of an old lady.
with the bag in their possession ^{直译：伴随着包落入了他们的手里}

start doing sth. = start to do sth. ^{开始做某事}	begin doing sth. = begin to do sth.^{开始做某事}
When do you usually start doing your homework? ^{你通常什么时候开始做作业？} The cells will promptly start to soak up moisture. ^{细胞会很快开始吸收水份。}	The object is to get out there and begin doing things and SMILE. ^{我们的目标是出去，面带微笑的去展开行动。} Work will now begin to test the hypothesis in rats. ^{在老鼠身上验证这一假设的工作现在要开始了。}

Mrs. Sterling got so angry that she ran after them.

got angry^变得生气

Don't cry or get angry. ^{不要哭或者生气。}
She got angry and socked him in the mouth.^{她生气了，照着他的嘴巴就是一拳。}

She was soon out of breath, but she continued to run.

out of breath ^{上气不接下气，喘不上气}

Tom ran to the shop to get some salt for his mother. When he reached there, he was quite out of breath.

continue to do sth. = continue doing sth. ^接着做…

They'll continue to fight injustice.^{他们将继续与不公正的现象抗争。}
Continue doing a lesson a day.^{学习不能间断，一天一课。}

When she caught up with them, she saw that they had sat down and were going through the contents of the bag, so she ran straight at them.

4个连接词 = 5件事

She caught up with them.^{她追上了他们。}
She saw. ^她看见
They had sat down. ^{他们坐了下来}
They were going through the contents of the bag.^{他们正在检查包里的东西。}
She ran straight at them ^{她径直向他们跑去}

go through sth. ^{（仔细地）搜查，在…中搜寻，浏览，翻看(速度较快的看)}	She went through her bag, but she couldn’t find her key. He goes through my package.^{他检查了我的包裹。}
catch up with sb. ^{追上,赶上(强调结果)}	He stopped and let her catch up with him.^{他停下了，让她赶上自己。} Most late developers will catch up with their friends.^{绝大多数发育晚的人都将赶上他们的朋友们。}
run (straight) at ^{（at 强调瞄准,一般与straight 相连都用 at）}	Then I realised my son was there. It flew straight at him, but he managed to run away.^{然后我意识到我儿子还在那儿，它直朝他飞过去。不过儿子最后还是跑出来了。} Meanwhile the wolf ran straight to the grandmother's house and knocked at the door.^{与此同时，狼径直跑到奶奶家，敲了敲门。} I ran straight out of the goal and at Marcelo.^{我跑的目标和马塞洛直了。}

The men got such a fright that they dropped the bag and ran away.

got a fright ^{受到惊吓：突然感到害怕或惊讶，通常是由于突发的事件或意外情况引起的。}

Mrs. Medlock did get a fright then.^{梅德洛克太太当时确实吓坏了。}
Both Liu and Ji got a fright.^{刘备、纪灵都吓了一跳。}
I get stage fright every time I'm going to teach a new class.^{每到要教新课的时候，我都会怯场。}
She got a fright and dropped the book.^{她吓了一跳，把书都扔了。}

such/so... that ... ^{so 通常位于形容词、副词之前，而 such 只能位于名词之前。}

so + adj. / adv. + that ... ^{so + 形容词/副词}	such + n. / n.词组 + that ... ^{such + 名词/名词词组}
The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water.	The one with the money got such a fright that he dropped the bag.

'The strap needs mending,' said Mrs. Sterling later, 'but they did not steal anything.'

need doing sth. ^{主动表被动(源于省略)}

The windows need cleaning.
The paintwork will need doing over soon.^{需要尽快重新油漆一遍。}
Something need me doing?^{有什么需要我做的吗?}

to do ^人做主语	doing ^{事物做主语}
sb. needs to mend the strap. ^{某人主动去做}	The strap needs mending. ^{某物被doing...}
Mrs. Sterling needs to mend the strap. ^{叙述(转述)}	The strap needs to be mended. ^{完整表达(不简洁)}

语法知识动名词更新于:2026-03-13 10:02:35

动名词(doing)可以做主语、宾语、介词宾语等

doing ^做主语	Washing the car made me tired. Fishing is my favourite sport.
doing ^{做宾语(介词后)} ^{介宾短语：在所有的介词后doing都可以做宾语。}	I often fish for hours without catching anything. Before leaving the office, he gave me a book. I am very keen on cycling. He sat there without saying anything. ^{他坐在那里, 一言不发} That’s no excuse for not mending the chair! ^{这不是你不修椅子的借口！}

特殊的介词 to

介词 ^{朝着某一个“方向”}	go to school
介词 ^{接名词(包括了doing动名词)、代词 → 介宾}	I am looking forward to seeing him tomorrow. I am accustomed to getting up early. ^{熟悉某事：习惯于某种情况或行为。} 等于 I am used to getting up early. ^习惯于
不定式 ^{“目的”做某事}	I'm coming to see you.
表示“目的”用 to do ^{(接动词原型)}	动词不定式在英语中具有多种用法和作用，可以根据句子结构和上下文来判断它的具体含义。

部分动宾 to 做介词接动词原型

start / begin / continue ...	接 doing 与 to do意思相同¹。	The men started to run through the trees. = The men started running through the trees.
love/like/hate/dislike	接 doing 与 to do 意思不同²(总是与偶尔的区别)。	I hate to disturb you, but can I come in? ^{(只讨厌这一次)} I hate disturbing people when they are busy.^{(总是讨厌)}
need doing	主动表示被动³	The strap broke and it needs mending.

动名词还可以用于“动词 + 介词”之后

look forward to doing sth. ^{期待、盼望做某事}	I am looking forward to seeing him tomorrow.
be accustomed to doing sth. ^{习惯于做某事}	I am accustomed to getting up early. ^{我习惯早起.}
be used to doing sth. ^{习惯做某事}	I am used to getting up early. ^{我习惯早起.}
used to do ^{过去常常做(但现在不做了)}	I used to get up early but I don't anymore. ^{我过去常早起, 但现在不再早起了。}

devote to doing sth. ^{奉献给某事, 把…奉献给…}	devote oneself to doing sth.^{(全身心投入做某事)}
You have to devote to volunteering. ^{你必须投身于志愿活动。} But until that day comes, we must devote major chunks of our precious time to doing our laundry. ^{但只要这一天不到，我们就还得把大量宝贵的时间用在洗衣上。}	She devotes herself to teaching. My mother ^{devotes herself to doing} homework.

object to doing sth. ^{反对做某事}	get/be tired of doing sth. ^{对…厌烦, 作为系动词 get 可与be 替换}
I object to eating out. ^{我反对在外面吃饭}	I'm somewhat tired of working here.^{我有点厌倦在这里工作了。}

believe in ^{信任,信仰}

believe in + sb. ^{表示信任某人,信仰某人}	Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths.
believe in + doing sth. ^{表示我的信条是...}	I belive in taking it easy. ^{（take it easy 轻松,放松,慢慢来）}

accuse sb. of doing sth. ^{因某事控告某人}

The police accused him of stealing. ^{警方控告他犯有盗窃罪.}

在 love，like，prefer 等动词后 ^{用不定式和动名词意义有所区别}

hate,love,like+doing sth. ^{表示一种习惯(always)}	I hate to do sth.… ^不喜欢…
hate,love,like+to do sth. ^{表示某一次性的行为(now)}	I hate to say I have no money , but I really need some. ^{说明这个人要向你借钱了} I hate to say but I really have something important to do.
would love /like to do sth. ^{表示想要, 习惯于在前面加 would}	Would you like to…? 而不会用 “Do you like…?” ^{他只关心你现在想吃什么,而不管你平常吃什么。}
prefer…to…^{结构中只能用动名词}	Why don’t you drive to work instead of walking? ^{你想拒绝别人的邀请时可用的句型} I prefer walking to driving.
在 start，begin，continue 等后面	I began to learn/learning English two years ago. ^{可以用不定式又可以用动名词,区别不大}

在 need，want 之后，动名词形式具有被动的含义，相当于被动的不定式,如果以物体做主语，可以直接加动词-ing，表达被动的含义：

My shirt is torn. It needs mending. ^{我的衬衫撕破了, 需要缝补.}
Those windows are dirty. They want washing. ^{那些窗户很脏, 需要洗刷.}

Play it by ear ^{随机应变；走着瞧}

Lesson 43 Over the South Pole

Lesson 45 A clear conscience