Lesson 38 Everything except the weather唯独没有考虑到天气过去完成时 一般过去时 让步状语从句

过去完成时经常与一般过去时连用，表示过去某个动作发生前完成的动作。与过去完成时连用的表示时间的词或词组有 when，after，as soon as，(not) until，by that time，(never) before，already，for，since， just，no sooner…than，hardly…when 等。过去完成时不能与副词 ago 连用（ago 只能与一般过去时连用）。

He hadn’t finished it by yesterday evening. ^{到昨天晚上他还没做完。}
I’d never flown a plane at all until I flew this one!^{在驾驶这架飞机之前我从来没有驾驶过飞机！}

He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had planned to settle down in the country.

settle down ^{定居，安身，安顿}

After two years of traveling, I want to settle down now.

dream of…^{想, 梦见(梦想)，幻想，向往}	think of… ^{想(思维的活动), 考虑}
Frank used to dream of having a car of his own.	Mrs. Anne Sterling did not think of the risk she was taking when she ran through a forest after two men.

* He had no sooner returned than he bought a house and went to live there.

no sooner…than… 一…就…^{（关联词，引导时间状语从句，主句里常用过去完成时，than后面的从句用一般过去时）}相同用法的还有 as soon as，the moment，on doing。

no sooner ^{放在句首就要倒装}

He had no sooner arrived than he called me up. → No sooner had he arrived than he called me up.^(倒装)

had no sooner^{完成时的中间}… than ^一般过去 ...	As soon as^一…就…^{(用于句首)}
He had no sooner returned than he bought a house and went to live there.	As soon as he had returned , he bought a house and went to live there.
他一回来就买了一所房子住了进去。
had no sooner + done…than + did ^{固定用法 (时态结构 : 完成时态 + than + 一般过去时)}	As soon as ^放到句首+ 一般过去/过去完成
I had no sooner left the house than It began to rain. ^{I had left the house. It began to rain.} We had no sooner hung the picture on the wall than It fell down. ^{We had hung the picture on the wall.It fell down.} Yesterday I had no sooner got back to the kitchen than the doorbell rang. ^{昨天我一回到厨房，门铃就响了。}	As soon as he had got into the car, I said good morning to him... As soon as this was done, they cooked a meal over an open fire. As soon as he saw us, he picked up a long pipe... As soon as she saw it, the woman said she did not like it.

* Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather, for even though it was still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterly cold.

almost immediately ^{几乎马上, 很快地 (时间上的快, 常用于写作)}

1, for [ 2, 3 and 4 ]^{(只是初级连接示例)}
第一件事	for	第二件事	第三件事	第四件
he began to complain about the weather,	for	it was still summer,	it rained continually	and it was often bitterly cold.

for^{(表原因时)} 与 because 不同，for不能用于句首，并且在 for 后面必须重复主语：I don’t have a car, for I can’t afford it.

for ^{conj. 因为，由于}	as ^{conj.虽然，尽管；因为，由于}	because ^{conj.（说明原因）因为，由于}
for不能用于句首，后面主语不可省略	引出一个原因状语从句	because 一般跟在主句后面，强调讲话的对象可能不知道的原因。

在中文的关联词里出现了“因为”就要说“所以”，但在英文里不能成对出现的。因为在英文中有规定，在两句话里只能使用一个词去连接。

even though	即使，虽然，尽管...^{（引导让步状语从句：明让步、暗转折)}	Even though I came here, my mind was absent. ^{尽管我人来了, 但我还是心不在焉}
even if		The villagers have told him that they will not accept the pub even if he gives it away.
though		Though the sound could be heard clearly, it took me a long time to react.^{在中文翻译时加“但是”更好理解。}
although		Although I was only six, I can remember seeing it on TV.^{虽然当时我只有6岁，我还能记得在电视上看见过它。}
but	conj. 而，相反	... even though it was still summer, it rained continually ... = It was still summer, but it rained continually.^{（even though 与 But 只能选择1个去使用）}

After so many years of sunshine, Harrison got a shock.

After it rained for days = after so many days of rain ^{在这么多天雨之后}
After seven years of hard work, he was successful.
After ten years of staying in abroad, he decided to return and settle down.

He acted as if he had never lived in England before.

as if / though + 句子^{似乎, 好像}
引导表示方式的状语从句，如果从句为过去完成时则是虚拟语气，描述与事实相反, 后面的条件是假的	连词 as if/though 引导方式状语从句，通常跟在描述行为举止的动词之后，如 act，appear，feel，look， smell，sound 等后面
He acted as if he was poor.^{(as if 后是真是假, 应根据上下文来看)} My leg hurts as if it was broken.	She acted as if she were mad. ^{（虚拟语气）} It feels as if/though it’s going to rain.

In the end, it was more than he could bear.

In the end, I could not bear it.

more than
接从句表示“超过…的范围”	接比较对象表示“比…更多”
This piece of news is more than I can believe. It was more than I could understand. I can't affard it. ＝ It was more than I can affard.	There were more than ten people in the room. I like her more than her husband.^{我喜欢她多于喜欢她丈夫。} Hay fever affects males more than females.^{男性感染花粉热多于女性。}

He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country.

have time to do sth. ^{有时间做某事}

I have no time to talk with you. ^{我没时间和你说话}
I have time enough to have coffee. ^{我有足够的时间喝咖啡}

hardly…when… ^{还没来得及…就…}
He had hardly opened his eyes when he was knocked out.^{用法同 no sooner…than}	Hardly had he left the room when the traveler entered.^{hardly had sb. done when… (hardly 在句首, 要倒装)}

这两组连词意义都和 as soon as 相近，但更正式。它们通常都与过去完成时连用。当 no sooner 和 hardly 位于句首时，后面的主谓结构都要颠倒顺序： no sooner / hardly + 助动词 + 主语 + 动词

no sooner…than ^一…就…	hardly…when ^{几乎未来得及…就…}
No sooner had he begun speaking than he was interrupted. ^{他刚一开始讲话就被打断了}	Hardly had he got into the bus when it began moving.

The dream (that) he had had for so many years ended there. ^{定语从句(关系词做宾语可省略)}

语法知识分析主谓（长难句）更新于:2024-01-30 07:56:12

分析主谓 ^{没有连接词时就需要分析主谓，第一步先找谓语动词。}

长难句通常是一句话讲了多件事，然后通过连接词连接起来。通常情况下我们需要通过连接词、谓语动词等断开句子变在简单句就可以理解句子的意思。

The dream he had had for so many years ended there.^{一大包一小a包b，则b是从句。所以这b一个定语从句（名词+从句省略了连接词）}
找到谓语动词断开句子	通过谓语动词向前找主语	结构：主主谓谓、主谓主谓	识别宾语从句、定语从句
The dream ended there.		he had had for so many years.
She knew she was near the shore. ^{谓语动词后+从句，所以这是一个宾语从句（主谓主谓）}
She knew (从句)		she was near the shore.
The present she gave me was very amazing. ^{present做为gave的宾语省略关系词（主主谓谓）}
The present was very amazing.		she gave me (the present).
..the girl struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen. ^{主+谓+介词+名词+定语从句（主谓主谓）}
the girl struggled up the cliff.		towards the light she had seen. ^{定语从句 the light做为had seen的宾语}

结论：主主谓谓，中间是从句；主谓主谓后面是从句。

green thumb ^园艺技能

共有5题需要完成

练习题

The sea moves .^（单选）

A、continually
B、continue
C、continuously
D、go on
He borrows money from people .^（单选）

A、continually
B、continue
C、continuously
D、go on
He acted he had never lived in England before.^（单选）

A、as though
B、like
C、as
D、even if
It was more than he could bear. He couldn't bear it .^（单选）

A、more
B、longer
C、any longer
D、no more
He as if he had never lived in England before.^（单选）

A、made
B、did
C、conducted
D、behaved

Lesson 37 The Olympic Games

Lesson 39 Am I all right?

Lesson 38 Everything except the weather唯独没有考虑到天气过去完成时 一般过去时 让步状语从句

与课文关联的单词

except *

Mediterranean

complain *

continually *

bitterly

sunshine

settle *

though *

My old friend, Harrison, had lived in the Mediterranean for many years before he returned to England. §

He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had planned to settle down in the country.

settle down 定居，安身，安顿

* He had no sooner returned than he bought a house and went to live there.

no sooner 放在句首就要倒装

* Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather, for even though it was still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterly cold.

almost immediately 几乎马上, 很快地 (时间上的快, 常用于写作)

for

After so many years of sunshine, Harrison got a shock.

He acted as if he had never lived in England before.

In the end, it was more than he could bear.

He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country.

have time to do sth. 有时间做某事

The dream (that) he had had for so many years ended there. 定语从句(关系词做宾语可省略)

分析主谓 没有连接词时就需要分析主谓，第一步先找谓语动词。

练习题

The sea moves .（单选）

He borrows money from people .（单选）

He acted he had never lived in England before.（单选）

It was more than he could bear. He couldn't bear it .（单选）

He as if he had never lived in England before.（单选）

Lesson 38 Everything except the weather

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Lesson 38 Everything except the weather唯独没有考虑到天气过去完成时一般过去时让步状语从句

except ^*

complain ^*

continually ^*

settle ^*

though ^*

settle down ^{定居，安身，安顿}

no sooner ^{放在句首就要倒装}

almost immediately ^{几乎马上, 很快地 (时间上的快, 常用于写作)}

have time to do sth. ^{有时间做某事}

The dream (that) he had had for so many years ended there. ^{定语从句(关系词做宾语可省略)}

分析主谓 ^{没有连接词时就需要分析主谓，第一步先找谓语动词。}

The sea moves .^（单选）

He borrows money from people .^（单选）

He acted he had never lived in England before.^（单选）

It was more than he could bear. He couldn't bear it .^（单选）

He as if he had never lived in England before.^（单选）