Lesson 34 A happy discovery幸运的发现单元复习

A happy discovery

happy ^{lucky; fortunate 幸运的}

• a happy coincidence ^{幸运的巧合}
• the happy few  ^{幸运的少数人NCE4-33}
• The sad truth is that most of us have been brought up to eat certain foods and we stick to them all our lives.
• He made a sad mistake. ^{遗憾的错误}

Antique shops exert a peculiar fascination on a great many people.

exert ... on ... ^{对...施加...} 

• Much as we may pride ourselves on our good taste, we are no longer free to choose the things we want, for advertising exerts a subtle influence on us.

fascination ^{n.入迷，着迷；魅力}

• Cats never fail to fascinate human beings.
• charm / attraction / appeal ^替换 §
• In spite of national differences, certain funny situations have a universal appeal.

sth. exert a peculiar fascination on sb. ^{本句的中心结构}

• The ancient ruins exert a peculiar fascination on historians. ^{古代遗迹对历史学家有一种独特的吸引力。}

造句： Korean TV dramas exert a peculiar fascination on a great many Chinese young people.^{很多中国年轻人非常喜欢韩国的电视剧。}

The more expensive kind of antique shop where rare objects are beautifully displayed in glass cases to keep them free from dust is usually a forbidding place.

expensive ^{adj.高档的、豪华的}

• The expensive shops in a famous arcade near Piccadilly were just opening.

kind of + 单数^{(无论可数与否)}

• a new kind of machine ^{可数名词当成不可数来使用}
• machines of a new kind ^{反之要还原成复数}
• an antique shops of a more expensive kind ^{后面的谓语动词要改为are}

(be) free from ... ^{没有…的没有免于不受}

• He may never be sure where the next meal is coming from, but he is free from the thousands of anxieties which afflict other people.
• The composition is free from errors. ^{without 没有}
• Organic produce is free from harmful chemicals.

But no one has to muster up courage to enter a less pretentious antique shop.

pretentious ^adj.装B的

• He's so pretentious! ^{瞧他那副装B的样儿！}
• That's a pretentious name for a dog! ^{狗叫这个名字真够炫的！}
• That young man is extremely pretentious. ^{那个年轻人非常自命不凡。}
• They may come across as conceited or pretentious. ^{他们给人以自负或装腔作势的印象。}

造句：No one has to muster up courage to approach a less pretentious girl. ^{谁也不用壮着胆子去接近一个不那么装腔作势的女孩子。}

There is always hope that in its labyrinth of musty, dark, disordered rooms a real rarity will be found amongst the piles of assorted junk that litter the floors.

there be + 无灵主语 

• There is little hope of any improvement in his condition.
• There's still a faint hope that the two sides will reach an agreement.
• It was rush hour, and there was no hope of getting a seat.
• Is there any hope of getting financial support for the project?
• Is there any hope that she will change her mind?

labyrinth of musty, dark, disordered rooms ^{of 这里引出的是比喻}

• genius of a son ^{天才般的儿子}
• a boy of a girl ^{一个男孩似的女孩（像男孩的女孩）} 
• a fool of a man ^{一个呆子样的男人 ...}
• an angel of a wife ^{天使般的老婆（家有仙妻）}
• a wife of an angel ^{像妻子一样的天使}
• a garden of Switzerland ^{花园般的瑞士}
• a palace of a house ^{宫殿般的房子}
• Jane is a submissive lamb of a girl. ^{简是个听话的乖女孩。}

amongst ^{among 书面语}

• I found the letter amongst his papers. ^{我在他的文件中找到这封信。}
• Morale amongst the players is very high at the moment. ^{此刻各选手士气高昂。}
• There are signs of growing disaffection amongst voters. ^{选民中出现日渐不满的迹象。}
• This here'll take a minute. Y'all just talk amongst yourselves. ^{马上就好，你们先聊着。}
• The children were arguing amongst themselves. ^{孩子们在互相争论。}

whilst ^{while 与…同时；然而...}

• He gained valuable experience whilst working on the project. ^{从事这项工程使他获得了宝贵的经验。}
• You will play decoy whilst I beg. ^{我去乞讨，你来当诱饵。}
• My mother died whilst I was yet a boy. ^{我母亲在我还是个孩子的时候就去世了。}
• All the ladies stood round her, whilst the kissing was going on. ^{当接吻正在进行的时候，所有的女士都围绕着她站着。}
• So he went on, for an hour, whilst the poor little King sat and suffered. ^{他就这样一直说了一个小时，而可怜的小国王则坐在那儿受罪。}

midst ^{middle 在...中间、中部，中间、在……之中（=amidst）}

• There is a traitor in our midst. ^{我们中间有个叛徒。}
• She stood preening in their midst, delighted with the attention. ^{她得意洋洋地站在他们中间，为受人瞩目而高兴。}
• Many were surprised to see him exposed like this in the midst of a large crowd. ^{很多人看到他这样暴露在一大群人当中，都感到很意外。}
• Down from the heights came one goat after another, with Peter in their midst. ^{一只接一只的山羊从山上跑下来，彼得夹在它们中间。}
• Heidi ran into their midst, for she loved to see them leaping and playing about. ^{海蒂跑到他们中间，因为她喜欢看他们跳跃和玩耍。}
• She ran into the midst of her beloved friends, who had not forgotten her either. ^{她跑到她亲爱的朋友们中间，它们也没有忘记她。}

No one discovers a rarity by chance.

by chance ^{偶然的、不经意的}

• by accident ^{偶然地、意外地}
• accidentally ^{adv.意外地，偶然地； 意外失误地}

on purpose ^{故意地：有意地、刻意地做某事}

• intentionally ^{adv.故意地，有意地}
• deliberately ^{adv.故意地；从容不迫地，小心翼翼地}

No one succeeds by chance. ^{没有人成功是偶然的。}

A truly dedicated bargain hunter must have patience, and above all, the ability to recognize the worth of something when he sees it.

above all (else) ^{胜过一切、重要的是、尤其...}

• Max is clever, hardworking, and above all (else) honest.

造句：A truly dedicated head-hunter must have patience, and above all, an eye for talents. ^{一个真正全身心投入的猎头必须要有耐心，并且最重要的是，要有识才的慧眼。}

have an eye for sth. ^{具有对…的鉴赏力(慧眼)}

• He has an eye for beauty. ^审美
• You do have an eye for paintings. ^{你的确对油画有很高的鉴赏力。}
• She have an eye for colour. ^{她对颜色很有鉴赏力。}

To do this, he must be at least as knowledgeable as the dealer.

as ... as ... ^{前副后连（经常省略conj.后的谓语动词）}

He must be as knowledgeable as the dealer (is). ^{不省略也可以}
He isn't as / so knowledgeable as the dealer (is). ^{否定句中多一个so的形式}

• When at Rome, do as the Romans do. ^入乡随俗
• When at Rome, do like the Romans.
• ... Alfred Bloggs who worked as a dustman for the Ellesmere Corporation.

Like a scientist bent on making a discovery, he must cherish the hope that one day he will be amply rewarded.

be bent on (doing) sth. ^{专心致志地做某事（打定主意、一门心思要做某事）}

• The boy is bent on mischief.
• He is bent on winning at all costs.

cherish ^{v.珍视，珍爱；怀念（过去），抱有（希望）}

• Time is valuable, and we should cherish it. ^{时间宝贵，我们应该珍惜时间。}
• When you have such one friend, cherish your friendship for life long. ^{当你有这样一个朋友时，请珍惜你们的友谊。}
• If we cherish every minute and learn to gather them, we can do a great thing in one minute. ^{如果我们珍惜每一分钟，并学会收集它们，我们可以在一分钟做出伟大的事情。}
• Farming the land for a whole day tired us out and made us realize that we should cherish food. ^{耕地一整天后我们疲惫不堪，也意识到我们应该珍惜食物。}
• Many people search for love without success, so if you have found it, then cherish it and count yourself lucky. ^{许多人没能成功地找到爱，因此如果你已经找到了，珍惜它并认为自己是幸运的。}

nourish ^{v.养育，滋养；培养，怀有（感情、信念等）}

• Lisa has long nourished the hope of becoming a ballerina.
• The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization.
• There is a lot of beautiful scenery in China. → China boasts a lot of beautiful scenery. ^{v.有（值得自豪的东西）；吹嘘，夸耀}
• They have three lovely children. → They are blessed with three lovely children. ^{有幸(幸运的拥有)}
• The girl has both beauty and brains. → The girl is endowed with both beauty and brains. ^{具有(天生就有)}

be rewarded ^{取得回报（rewarded 是 reward 的过去分词）}

• Lesson 51 Reward for Virtue ^{对美德的奖赏}
• be amply rewarded ^{得到丰厚的回报}
• There is always hope that all my patience will be amply rewarded.

He has often described to me how he picked up a masterpiece for a mere £50.

describe ... to sb. ^{向某人讲述、描述某事、描述某事给某人}

• Let me describe to you how it happened.
• Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits.
• On the occasions when they have pushed to shore an unconscious human being ... ^NCE4-18

describe ... as ... ^{描述为;把…说成;认为;把…称为}

• He described it as 'a very agreeable situation located within two small hills in the midst of which flowed a great river.'
• Those who never have to move house become indiscriminate collectors of what can only be described as clutter. ^NCE3-59

a mere ... ^{仅仅…、只有….}

• He's a mere child. ^替换only
• He seemed so young, a mere boy. ^{他看来那么年轻，只是个孩子。}
• It cost a mere bagatelle. ^{这个只花了一点钱。}
• Some contracts are a mere formality. ^{有些合同纯属走形式。}
• It took her a mere 20 minutes to win. ^{她只花了20分钟就赢了。}
• Glancing at his map, he informed us that the next village was a mere twenty miles away.
• It went direct from my local station and the journey lasted a mere hour and seventeen minutes.

One Saturday morning, Frank visited an antique shop in my neighbourhood. 

neighbourhood ^{n.社区，四邻；邻近的地方；邻里情谊，邻居间的友善关系；（数）领域}

• a famous arcade near / close to / around / off / in the neighborhood of / in the vicinity of Piccadilly were just opening.
• The latest exhibitions, films, or plays are only a short bus ride away. ^{只有很短的公共汽车车程(only a short bus ride away)}

within walking distance ^{步行可达的距离}

• The zoo is within walking distance. ^{动物园走着就能去。}
• The trash truck is within walking distance. ^{垃圾桶卡车是在步行距离内。}
• The post office is within walking distance. ^{邮局在可以步行去的范围内。}
• Are all the classes within walking distance? ^{所有的教室都在步行范围之内吗？}
• My parents live within walking distance of me. ^{我父母住在我家附近。}

within driving distance ^开车可达

• "Shanghai and Suzhou are pretty close, within one-and-a-half-hour driving distance, to be more specific,", he said. ^{从上海驱车到苏州只需一个半小时，两个城市靠得很近。}

within commuting distance ^{在通勤范围内}

• I live within commuting distance of Dublin. ^{我住在离都柏林上下班可乘公交车往返的地方。}

only a stone's throw away ^{只有一箭之遥}

• The park is only a stone's throw away from our house.^{公园离我们家只有一箭之遥。}

As he had never been there before, he found a great deal to interest him.

Having never been there before, ... ^{使用非谓语当原因状语}
As this was his first visit there, ... ^{换一种表达}
This being his first visit there, ... ^{独立主格(当原因状语使用)}

The morning passed rapidly and Frank was about to leave when he noticed a large packing case lying on the floor.

The dealer told him that it had just come in, but that he could not be bothered to open it.

• Galileo's observations show (that) Copernicus, another great astronomer, was right and that the earth moves around the sun, not the other way around.
• He agreed (that) a train did come into the station at the time on the paper and that it did stop, but only to take on mail, not passengers. ^NCE3-60

can't be bothered （to do sth） ^{嫌麻烦（而不愿.…）}

• The grass needs cutting but I can't be bothered to do it today.
• He could produce excellent work but usually he can't be bothered.
• He can't be bothered to clean his room. ^{他懒得打扫自己的房间。}

Frank begged him to do so and the dealer reluctantly prised it open.

reluctantly ^{adv.不情愿地}

• When the journalist again failed to reply, the editor reluctantly published the article as it had originally been written.
• We reached the stream, and they unwillingly / reluctantly walked ahead. ^{我们到了河边，但他们并不乐意再向前行进。}
• They parted with reluctance. ^{他们依依不舍地分手了。}

prise / pry sth. open ^撬开某物

• He used a crowbar to pry the door open. ^{他用撬棍撬开了门。}
• She used a knife to prise the lid open. ^{她用刀把盖子撬开了。}

Apart from an interesting-looking carved dagger, the box was full of crockery, much of it broken. 

... the box was full of crockery, and much of it was broken. ^{不使用独立主格（啰嗦）}
... the box was full of crockery, much of which was broken. ^不够简洁

• 造句：Apart from some gold bullion, the chest was full of precious stones, most of them diamonds. ^{这个箱子里除了一些金条之外，装满了宝石，其中大多数都是钻石。}

Frank gently lifted the crockery out of the box and suddenly noticed a miniature painting at the bottom of the packing case.

As its composition and line reminded him of an Italian painting he knew well, he decided to buy it.

remind sb. of sth. ^{使某人想起某事或某人}

• That song always reminds me of our first date.

remind sb. about sth. ^{提醒某人关于某事}

• Remind me to buy some milk tonight.

remind sb. to do sth.^{提醒某人做某事}

• Can you remind us about your plans for the building?

Its composition and line reminding him of an Italian painting he knew well, he decided to buy it. ^{非谓语动词（主语不同，使用独立主格）做原因状语}

Glancing at it briefly, the dealer told him that it was worth £50.

• Glancing at his map, he informed us that the next village was a mere twenty miles away.

Frank could hardly conceal his excitement, for he knew that he had made a real discovery.

conceal ^{v.隐匿，隐藏；隐瞒（真实感情或真相）；遮盖，遮住}

• I had no intention of buying one, but I could not conceal the fact that I was impressed by the size of the diamonds.
• Frank almost revealed his excitement.

His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.

The tiny painting proved to be an unknown masterpiece by Correggio and was worth hundreds of thousands of pounds.