Lesson 75 SOS呼救信号一般过去时

When a light passenger plane flew off course some time ago, it crashed in the mountains and its pilot was killed.

off course ^脱离轨道

• fly off ^/ɔːf/ course ^{飞行偏离航线}
• of ^/əv/ course § ^{当然：表示对某事的肯定或同意。}
• During the storm, the ship went off course.

kill ^{v. 杀（仅表示死了，不一定是人为的杀死,有可能是火灾等）}

• Fire in Tokyo. ^东京火灾 Five people killed. ^5人死亡 Ten persons injured.^10人受伤
• Drugs can kill. ^{毒品可以致死。}
• He had a course of antibiotics to kill the bacterium. ^{他服了一疗程的抗生素来杀死细菌。}

It was the middle of winter.

the middle of ^{在...(正)中间}

• It was an island in the middle of the sea. ^{这是海中央的一个岛。}
• It quickly became the center of culture in Paris. ^{它很快成为巴黎的文化中心。}
• You'd better avoid driving in the center of the city. ^{你最好避免在市中心开车。}

Snow lay thick on the ground.

• The old man lies ill and neglected in bed.
• Dust lay thick in the street.^{街上积了厚厚一层尘土。}
• The tarnish lay thick on the inside of the ring.^{戒指内侧有一层厚厚的锈斑。}

The woman knew that the nearest village was miles away.

miles away ^{几英里之外（距离的表达方式）}

• years ago ^{多年前（时间的表达方式）}
• many times ^{多次(次数的表达)}
• for hours ^{数小时(小时的表达)}

When it grew dark, she turned a suitcase into a bed and put the children inside it, covering them with all the clothes she could find.

grew dark ^{变暗(主动)}

• As the sun set, the sky began to grow dark.^{太阳下山后，天空开始变暗。}
• Towards evening, the boat struck a rock and the girl jumped into the sea.

The woman kept as near as she could to the children and even tried to get into the case herself, but it was too small.

as…as sb. can / could  ^{尽可能的…}

• He got through as much food as he could and set out.
• Tell Jim to come to my office as soon as he can.

near to = close to ^{在距离上不远的地方}

• The supermarket is near to my house.^{超市离我家不远。}
• I live close to the city center.^{我住得离市中心很近。}
• He crouched as near to the door as he could. ^{他蜷缩在尽可能靠近门的地方。}

Early next morning, she heard planes passing overhead and wondered how she could send a signal.

hear sb. doing sth. ^{听见某人正在做某事}

• As I walked past the office, I could hear the manager discussing the new administrative costs. ^{当我走过办公室时，我能听到经理正在讨论新的行政费用。}
• I heard the actor deliver his final line before the curtain fell. ^{我听见那位演员在幕布落下前说完了最后一句台词。}
• I have heard it said that the company is planning to expand its charitable fund. ^{我听说公司正计划扩大其慈善基金。}

wonder = want to know ^{vt.想知道，好奇，琢磨}

• I wonder. In England, each person speaks a different language.
• I want to know what happened to Norman. ^{我想知道诺曼出什么事了。}

Then she had an idea. She stamped out the letters 'SOS' in the snow.

stamp out ^{踩出 (out 在这里为副词，表示“出现，显露”等)}

• The writer has brought out another book. ^买下…
• He wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden. ^写出
• think out ^{解决；仔细考虑；发现}
• point out ^{指出：通过指点或指出来引导某人的注意力。}
• call out ^{喊出来：通过大声喊叫或使用喇叭等方式来引起某人的注意或召唤某人。}

Fortunately, a pilot saw the signal and sent a message by radio to the nearest town.

by radio ^通过广播

• They received the news by radio.^{他们通过无线电收到了这个消息。}
• I usually go to work by bus. ^{我通常乘公交车去上班。}
• I always travel by air when I go on business trips. ^{我出差时总是乘坐飞机旅行。}
• They transported the goods by sea.^{他们通过海运运输货物。}

It was not long before a helicopter arrived on the scene to rescue the survivors of the plane crash.

on the scene ^{在现场（固定短语）}

• The police were on the scene within minutes of the accident.^{事故发生几分钟后，警察就到了现场。}
• By the time I arrived on the scene, it was all over. ^{我来到现场时，一切都已结束。}

联合复习

• Lesson 3 Please Send Me a Card ^{请给我寄一张明信片}
• Lesson 27 A wet night ^雨夜
• Lesson 51 Reward for Virtue ^{对美德的奖赏}

"grow," "turn," "go," "get," "come," 和 "fall" 在表示“变成”的不同用法，get 、become 、turn 、go、grow 当翻译为“变得” 时，为系动词。

By 的5种用法 §

1. 'I've just arrived by train,' she said. ^{通过...方式(by doing)、方法。}
2. It was bought by my grandfather. ^{被动语态 + by 表被谁做}
3. They told stories and sang songs by the campfire. ^{在... 旁边} §
4. Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year. ^{By + 时间：截止到，搭配“完成成”}
5. It cleared the mountain by 400 feet. ^{相差额度：增长了、下降了、增加了、减少了，体现中间浮动变化差额}