Lesson 12 Life on a desert island荒岛生活虚拟语气

Most of us have formed an unrealistic picture of life on a desert island.

造句：Most of them have formed an unrealistic picture of the western world.^{他们之中多数人对于西方世界有一种不切实际的想象。}

We sometimes imagine a desert island to be a sort of paradise where the sun always shines.

a sort of = a kind of ...^{有些像…的；...般的}

• In spite of this, the Italians regarded him as a sort of hero.
• Since its discovery, it has become a sort of potholers' Everest. ^NCE3-43
• They were visited by a large colony of ants which obtained a sort of honey from them. ^NCE3-54
• An ator is a kind of solar system. ^{原子是类似于太阳系的一种结构。}
• Libraries made education possible, and education in its turn added to libraries: the growth of knowledge followed a kind of compound interest law, which was greatly enhanced by the invention of printing. ^NCE4-22

kind of = sort of = somewhat ^{adv.有点...}

• I'm kind of hungry. ^有点饿了
• He felt sort of embarrassed. ^有点尴尬

Life there is simple and good.

Life on campus is simple and good. ^{校园生活简单而美好。}

Ripe fruit falls from the trees and you never have to work.

Monica: Okay, now this one is rare, this one is medium well! Now go-go-go! Hey Phoebe!
Phoebe: Hey!
Monica: Hey how was dinner?!
Phoebe: Dinner was good!

The other side of the picture is quite the opposite.

quite ^{adv. 颇为、截然、相当、很}

• In winter, however, life at the monastery is quite different.

the opposite ^{[ðə] + 元音；[ði] + 辅音}

• the apple the ^{发音为 [ðə] ，使用汉语词语 "的"（de）}
• the cat the ^{发音为 [ði] ，使用汉语词语 "第"（dì）}
• The opposite of love is hatred.  ^{爱的反面是恨}
• the opposite bank ^对面银行
• the opposite door ^对门
• the opposite sex ^异性
• be quite the opposite ^截然相反

造句： My father is a very calm person, but my mother is quite the opposite. ^{我的父亲是个性格平和的人，但是我的母亲却截然相反。}

You either starve to death or live like Robinson Crusoe,waiting for a boat which never comes.

either ... or ... ^{要么...要么⋯}

• He either suffocated, or froze to death.^{他要么窒息而死，要么冻死了。}
• Unaccompanied bags are either searched or removed. ^{单独运送的包或被检查，或被移走。}

..., waiting for a boat which never comes. ^{形式上的定语从句(接续性分句)} ⇒ waiting for a boat but it never comes. ^并列句

• Don't sit on the chair because it has a broken leg. ⇒ Don't sit on the chair which has a broken leg. ^{使用which更简洁}

Perhaps there is an element of truth in both these pictures, but few of us have had the opportunity to find out.

• The former picture is unduly optimistic while the latter picture is unduly pessimistic.
• The former picture is unduly optimistic while the latter unduly pessimistic. ^{while (接续性分句) 并列句相同的省略}

* Two men who recently spent five days on a coral island wished they had stayed there longer.

spend ^{v.花费(时间)、度过时光}

• He then changed into overalls and spent the next eight hours as a dustman. ^{度过8小时}
• I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!  ^{花了一整天}
• After having spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag. ^{呆了一整个早上}

“wish”型的虚拟语气^{（hope 是真实语气）}

对于可望不可及的事物的期待(可能性不高、没有可能的)，一般翻译、理解为“真希望、要是...就好了。”^{（还有IF形的虚拟语气、should do形的虚拟语气）}

They were taking a badly damaged boat from the Virgin Islands to Miami to have it repaired.

have sth. done ^使役动词

• The French authorities had the plane packaged and moved in parts back to France.
• The vicar has been asked to have the tree cut down, but so far he has refused.

During the journey, their boat began to sink.

They quickly loaded a small rubber dinghy with food, matches, and cans of beer and rowed for a few miles across the Caribbean until they arrived at a tiny coral island.

be loaded with ... ^被动

• Small boats loaded with wares sped to the great liner as she was entering the harbour.

row ^v.划船

• Learning is like rowing upstream: not to advance is to drop back. ^{学习如逆水行舟：不进则退}

There were hardly any trees on the island and there was no water, but this did not prove to be a problem.

prove (to be) + adj. / n. ^被证明是

• The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening.
• He knew it would not prove difficult in such a small village.
• The operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin which covered the skin.

The men collected rainwater in the rubber dinghy. As they had brought a spear gun with them, they had plenty to eat.

描述/评论：These two pieces of equipment proved (to be) essential to their survival. ^{这两件装备证明对他们的生存是必不可少的。}

They caught lobster and fish every day, and, as one of them put it 'ate like kings'.

When a passing tanker rescued them five days later, both men were genuinely sorry that they had to leave.

regret to do ^{要做还没做(表示遗憾)}

regret doing ^{已做过了(表示遗憾)}

• I have no regret marrying you. ^{我不后悔嫁给你。}
• She expressed her regret at the decision. ^{她对这个决定表示失望。}