have breakfast / lunch / supper / dinner ^三餐前
Water is necessary to life. / I like music. ^{不可数名词泛指时}
Horses are beautiful animals. ^{复数名词泛指时}
by bus / plane / ship / air / land / sea / water ^{by + n. 表示交通方式}
I’m not feeling well, doctor / young man! ^称呼前
study English / Chinese / Spanish … ^语言前
bed, school, college, church, market, hospital, court, prison ^{等强调其功能时 go to bed / college ...}
send sb. to school / bed … / He is in hospital / prison …
go to the theatre / the cinema / the museum / the music-hall … ^{但是在艺术文娱场所前加 the}
go to the shops / go shopping / do the shopping

Send the kids to school ^{送孩子上学(每天早上让孩子出门去学校)}

场景想象：你开车或走路把孩子送到校门口，看着他们进校门，然后你就离开了。地道的表达为：Drop the kids off at school.

It’s time to send the kids to school. ^{该送孩子们去学校了/该让他们去上学了。}
We decided to send our kids to a private school. ^{我们决定把孩子送进私立学校。}
I drop off the kids in the morning, and my wife picks them up in the afternoon. ^{Pick up 接回}

Send to school ^{去上学或供读书}	His parents made a decision to send him to a boarding school. ^{他的父母决定送他去寄宿学校。}
Drop the kids off at school ^{送到校门口并放下}	I need to drop the kids off at school before I go to work. ^{上班前我得先把孩子送到学校。}
Take the kids to school ^{“带着”孩子去学校（伴随过程）}	How are we going to take the kids to school and get to work? ^{我们如何送孩子上学，自己怎么去上班？}
Drive the kids to school ^{强调“开车送”}	I drive my child to school every day. ^{我每天开车送我的小孩去上学。}

The children were at school, my husband was at work and the house was quiet.

The children were at school, my husband at work and the house quiet. ^{排比句中重复的谓语动词常可省略}

有 the 表地点	无 the 表功能
at the school ^在学校 at the hospital ^在医院 go to the mall ^去商场	at school ^在上学 at work ^在上班 at home ^在家休息

school 和 work 前不加冠词表其功能，因为不是指具体那个学校或具体干什么工作，只是泛指他们在干什么。home 为副词，所以也不加冠词。

In a short time I was busy mixing butter and flour and my hands were soon covered with sticky pastry.

be busy doing sth. ^{忙于做某事}

be covered with… ^盖满…

He picked up a long pipe which was covered with coins and opened one of the baskets.

At exactly that moment, the telephone rang.

at exactly that moment ^{就在那时，恰恰在此时}

That’s exactly what I wanted to tell you.
At exactly that moment, the light went out. ^{就在那一刻，灯灭了。}

at exactly that moment ^{就在那一刻}
at the very moment ^{就在那一刻}	At the very moment I opened the door, it began to rain. ^{就在我开门的那一刻，开始下雨了。}
just then ^就在那时	I was about to leave. Just then, he appeared. ^{我正要离开，就在那时他出现了。}

Nothing could have been more annoying.

否定词+比较级=最高级 ^{否定词+ do/be + 比较级 (+ than …)}

Nothing is more interesting (than this).
No face is more beautiful (than hers).
No one runs faster (than he).

No one could be / have been… ^没有人…	fatter.^更胖了
Nothing could have been… ^{没有…更…}	cheaper. ^{没有什么东西更便宜了}
Nothing could have been… ^{没有…更…}	more exciting. ^{没有什么事情更令人激动}
No face could be uglier. ^{没有一张脸更丑了}	No books could be more interesting.^{没有书更有趣了}

I picked up the receiver between two sticky fingers and was dismayed when I recognized the voice of Helen Bates.

pick up the receiver ^捡起、^拾起^{话筒、拿起听筒、话筒}

The receiver had already clicked into place.^{听筒咔的一声放回原位了。}
She picked up the receiver and started to dial.^{她拿起听筒开始拨号。}
I picked up the receiver and dialed the number.
answer the phone ^接电话
I’ll get it. ^我去接

put down / replace the receiver ^放下听筒	Please put down the receiver after the call. ^{通话结束后请放下听筒。}
put the phone down ^{挂断电话，放下电话}	Don’t put the phone down so quickly. ^{不要这么快挂断电话。}
hang up ^挂断电话	She was so angry that she hung up. ^{她十分生气，直接挂断了电话。}
be on the phone ^在打电话	He is on the phone now. ^{他现在正在打电话。}
call/ring sb. (up) ^{给某人打电话}	I will call you (up) tomorrow. ^{我明天会给你打电话。}
give sb. a call/ring ^{给某人打个电话}	Please give me a ring when you arrive. ^{你到的时候请给我打个电话。}

It took me ten minutes to persuade her to ring back later.

it takes sb.+ 时间 + to do

It took us two hours to get there.
It took me three hours to finish my homework.
It takes about half an hour to get to the airport.

sb. spend +时间/金钱/精力 + on sth. / (in) doing	We spent two hours (in) getting there. I spent a lot of time and energy on my homework.
sth. cost sb. + 金钱	The dress cost her all her salary. The house cost me 1,000,000 yuan.

persuade sb. to do sth. ^{说服某人做某事}

I persuaded him to give up that plan.

persuade sb. into doing sth. ^{说服某人做…}	I persuaded him into giving up that plan.

At last I hung up the receiver.

At last I put down / replaced the receiver.
At last I put the phone down.

I had no sooner got back to the kitchen than the doorbell rang loud enough to wake the dead.

I had hardly got back to the kitchen when the doorbell rang …

no sooner…than… = hardly…when…^{刚…就…（用于过去完成时）}

No sooner had I got back to the kitchen than the doorbell rang …
Hardly had I got back to the kitchen when the doorbell rang …

enough ^{n.& adj.& adv. 足够}	n. 足够	I have/had had enough.^{我已经拥有足够了。}
	adv. 足够地、足以…	I was old enough to work and earn money. ^{我到了可以工作、挣钱的年龄了。}
	adj.足够的 ^{修饰 adj.或者 adv.时一定要放在被修饰词的后面。}	They had enough cash for a one-way ticket. ^{他们有足够的现金买一张单程票。}
enough +n. / n. + enough ^修饰名词		I have enough time/time enough.
enough to do sth. ^{足以用来做某事}		He is rich enough to buy the whole city. ^{他富有的可以买下整个城市} The water in the pool is warm enough (to swim in). I am hungry enough to eat sth.

语法知识 The, Some and Any

更新于:2024-03-21 13:39:25

some ^肯定句	any ^{否定句或疑问句中}
可用于不可数名词及复数可数名词之前，但在期待得到肯定答复的疑问句中也可以用 some，而在肯定句中表示“随便哪个，任何一个” 的含义时也可以用 any。
These are the only meat pies I have. ^{只有肉的馅饼} Do you want some of them? ^{其中的一些}	Yes, please. Any meat pies will do. ^{任何有肉的饼}

The + 形容词^{（表一类共同特性的人）}

有些形容词可以用于 the 之后（决不能用于 a/an 之后），表示作为整体的群体（一类），如 the blind，the deaf， the living，the dead，the rich，the poor，the young，the old。这些形容词后要跟复数动词，不可用这些形容词本身来指个体。

The Government always makes sure that the old are cared for. ^{政府总是确保老年人得到照顾。}
This is a special school for the deaf. ^{这是一所特殊的聋哑学校}
Sam is a young man with a lot of money. ^{萨姆是一个很有钱的年轻人（指单数个体）}

指其“主要目的”，即与其相关的动作时，要用零冠词（即名词前没有冠词）
特殊名词	表目的时	特指的东西面前要用the，泛指同类事物中的任何一个时则用 a
bed	go to bed ^睡觉	make the bed ^整理床铺
church	The family had gone to church.^{这家人都去教堂了。}	The tree was planted near the church fifty years ago...
class	He forbids any talking in class.^{他严禁课堂上讲话。}	Paula is the star of the class.^{葆拉是班里的尖子。}
college	They're prepping for college.^{他们正为上大学做准备。}	Her family founded the college in 1895.^{她的家族于1895年创办了这所学院。}
hospital	I had to go to hospital.^{我得去医院看病。}	I have to go to the hospital.^{我得到医院去。}
market	How do we get this to market?^{那么要如何把它投入市场呢？}	He likes to shop at the local market.^{他喜欢到本地市场买东西。}
prison	He had his enemies flung into prison.^{他把敌人投进了监狱。}	The prison is opposite the law court.^{监狱在法院对面。}
school	The children went to school this morning. ^{抽象的动作(上学这件事)}	I went to the school in our village to meet my friend. ^{正常的去学校}
sea	The boats are all out at sea.^{船只全都出海了。}	Most of the rooms face the sea.^{多数房间朝海。}
university	My daughter is at university.^{我女儿在上大学。}	Cherny was enrolled at the University in 1945.^{彻尼是1945年注册上大学的。}
work	She started work last Monday.^{她上个星期一开始工作。}	Usually, the work is boring.^{通常这种工作很乏味。}

the + adj./adv. 的最高级	most of the… ^{大部分的…}
It is the most interesting film I have ever seen. ^{最有趣的(the most 最)}	Most people enjoyed it. ^{大分部(most 表示“大多数”时它前面则不加 the)} most of the young people ^{大部分年轻人} Most young men have to work hard. Most buildings in this district belong to the government.

练习题

共有 3 题需要完成

Nothing could have been more annoying. It was annoying thing that could have happened. 单选题

A、 the more

B、 more

C、 most

D、 the most
She was busy mixing butter and flour. She was . 单选题

A、 joining them

B、 uniting them

C、 unifying them

D、 putting them
She was dismayed when she heard Helen Bates. She felt . 单选题

A、 pity

B、 sorry

C、 ill

D、 tired

Lesson 53 Hot snake

Lesson 55 Not a gold mine

Lesson 54 Sticky fingers 粘糊的手指

本课重点词汇

sticky

finger *

pie

mix *

pastry

annoying

receiver

dismay *

recognize *

persuade *

mess *

doorknob

sign *

register *

课文理解 手忙脚乱

After breakfast, I sent the children to school and then I went to the shops.

零冠词（即不用冠词的情况）

Send the kids to school 送孩子上学(每天早上让孩子出门去学校)

The children were at school, my husband was at work and the house was quiet.

In a short time I was busy mixing butter and flour and my hands were soon covered with sticky pastry.

be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事

be covered with… 盖满…

At exactly that moment, the telephone rang.

at exactly that moment 就在那时，恰恰在此时

Nothing could have been more annoying.

否定词+比较级=最高级 否定词+ do/be + 比较级 (+ than …)

I picked up the receiver between two sticky fingers and was dismayed when I recognized the voice of Helen Bates.

pick up the receiver 捡起、拾起话筒、拿起听筒、话筒

It took me ten minutes to persuade her to ring back later.

it takes sb.+ 时间 + to do

persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事

At last I hung up the receiver.

I had no sooner got back to the kitchen than the doorbell rang loud enough to wake the dead.

no sooner…than… = hardly…when… 刚…就…（用于过去完成时）

语法知识 The, Some and Any

The + 形容词（表一类共同特性的人）

练习题

Nothing could have been more annoying. It was annoying thing that could have happened. 单选题

She was busy mixing butter and flour. She was . 单选题

She was dismayed when she heard Helen Bates. She felt . 单选题

finger ^*

mix ^*

dismay ^*

recognize ^*

persuade ^*

mess ^*

sign ^*

register ^*

课文理解手忙脚乱

零冠词^{（即不用冠词的情况）}

Send the kids to school ^{送孩子上学(每天早上让孩子出门去学校)}

be busy doing sth. ^{忙于做某事}

be covered with… ^盖满…

at exactly that moment ^{就在那时，恰恰在此时}

否定词+比较级=最高级 ^{否定词+ do/be + 比较级 (+ than …)}

pick up the receiver ^捡起、^拾起^{话筒、拿起听筒、话筒}

persuade sb. to do sth. ^{说服某人做某事}

no sooner…than… = hardly…when…^{刚…就…（用于过去完成时）}

The + 形容词^{（表一类共同特性的人）}