have 词本意“有,拥有”:I have a book.
| have 用法 |
|---|
| 引申意义 | 助动词(无实义,用于完成时态中) |
|---|
| 吃喝玩乐做 | had + done | have + done |
| have a walk = walk | I had had my breakfast. | She has had my breakfast. |
| have a + 修饰 + 双词性(动词与名词):have a long walk | 过去完成时 | 现在完成时 |
have a + 双词性(动词与名词) = 对应的动词 “have + 名词”代替普通动词表示“完成该动作”
| have a rest = rest | have a look = look | have a swim = swim |
| have a sleep = sleep | have a drink = drink | have a talk = talk |
| have a try = try | have a bath = bath | have a smell = smell |
| 一个动词的后面会加介词(如果这个动词是不及物动词),动词能加什么样的介词,名词也可以加什么样的介词 |
| look at → have a look at | walk across → have a walk across | succeed in doing sth. → be successful in → success in |
类似的动词有 dance,fight,ride, talk,sleep,wash等。
- I had two dances with Lucy. 可以使用two修饰动词的次数
- Jim and I have just had a long talk. 可使用形容词修饰动作
| I wanted to smoke. | I wanted to have a smoke. 原型 |
| I swam in the sea this morning. | I had a swim in the sea this morning. 一般过去 |
| She is resting. | She is having a rest. 现在进行 |
| Did you have a sleep last night? | Did you sleep well last night? 副词修饰动词 | Did you have a good sleep last night? 形容词修饰名词 |
| 原型 (Base Form) | 过去式 (Past Tense) | 过去分词 (Past Participle) | 现在分词(present participle) |
|---|
| rise | rose | risen | rising |