Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happened to her. 一般过去+过去完成 §
pass v. 经过，穿过；传递，传送
- He passed my house this morning. 他今天早上经过我家。
- As she passed the library door, the telephone began to ring. 她经过图书馆门口时，电话开始响铃了。
- Jane stood aside to let her pass. 简站到一边让她过去。
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past prep.(需配合动词)经过，在…之后；在…的更远处 |
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| cross v.穿越，横渡 | I crossed the street to avoid meeting him... |
| across prep.穿过 |
It's running across the grass. |
pass 和 past 的区别主要是词义上的区别，pass 是动词，past 为介词，所以需要配合动词一起使用，当一句话中有动词使用past，无动词时使用pass（其过去式、过去分词为 passed）当作及物动词用时，可表示“经过，通过（考试），超过”等，作不及物动词用时可表示“（时间等）消逝”。
before 的译法
- It will be a long time before we meet again. 强调主句的时间很长时，译为才
- I hadn’t waited long before he came. 强调主句的时间很短时，译为就
| …passed before… 过了...时间 | sometime later… 一段时间以后 |
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过去完成时通常会与一般过去时的搭配使用，表达过去的过去，即过去完成会比过去时先发生。
时间线：过去完成 → 过去 → 过去将来 / 现在完成 → 现在 → 将来完成 → 将来
| be able to 强调有能力, 且能够成功(还强调成功) | can 只表示能力 |
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| I was able to swim across the river. | I can swim across the river. 我能游过这条河（但没有游过，不知道能不能成功） |
One afternoon she set out from the coast in a small boat and was caught in a storm.
set out = set off = begin a journey 出发
- He set off down the main street of the city riding a baby elephant called Jumbo.
- I want to begin a journey through the future. 我想开始一段穿越未来的旅程。
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set out from… 从…出发 |
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be caught in + 灾难 （突然）遇到/上（风暴等）赶上 ( 坏天气，塞车等）
- be caught in a earthquake .
- I was caught in a rain. 我遇上了一场雨
- As soon as he left, it began to rain.
- I was caught in a traffic jam this morning.
- He was caught in a rain when he left. 他刚一离开, 就下雨了
| meet 遇到、遇见(某人) |
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| run/bump into 偶遇某人 | I ran/bumped into my old flame yesterday. |
Towards evening, the boat struck a rock and the girl jumped into the sea.
towards evening 天越来越晚（逐渐接近）
- When Heidi came home towards evening, Peter generally paid her a visit.当海蒂傍晚回家时，彼得通常会去看她。
- Towards evening a cold wind sprang up.傍晚时分，刮起了一阵冷风。
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towards + n. 朝...去 |
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Then she swam to the shore after spending the whole night in the water.
to 强调朝那个方向去(静态)、到达了
- She went to the window and looked out. 她走到窗前向外望去。
| towards 朝那个方向去，强调距离越来越近(动态) | She moved towards the window.她朝窗户走去。 |
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During that time she covered a distance of eight miles.
cover 可笼统地表示“行过（一段路程）”
a distance of + 距离
- the red army covered a distance of 25000… 两万五千里长征
Early next morning, she saw a light ahead.
a light ahead 副词作定语置于所修饰词之后
- the words below
- people there
- A gust of wind swept the bed off the roof and sent it crashing into the courtyard below.
- He informed the station at once, but no one there was able to explain the mystery.
next 表示时间顺序上“紧接的，下一个”，如果以现在为基准，则 next 前一般不加 the；如果以过去或将来的某一时间为基准，则 next 前面要加 the 或其他修饰词。
next day 第二天(有可能是过去式, 有可能是将来式)
- Mary phoned the next day to tell us that she couldn’t come to the party.第二天玛丽打来电话告诉我们她不能参加晚会了。
| the other day(过去时) = a few days ago (几天前) | Mary phoned the other day to tell us that she had arrived in London.前几天玛丽来电话告诉我们她已到达伦敦。 |
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On arriving at the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen.
“…up the cliff towards the light…”用两个介词起到动词的作用，up 在此处为介词，表示“沿着…往上”
on + 动名词(on + doing 一...就...)
- On reaching the airport, he was arrested by the police.
- On getting home, I turned on the computer.
- On seeing the plane coming towards me, I dashed for cover.
| as soon as = the moment | when/while/as |
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| As soon as he had got into the car. | While we were having breakfast,our little boy, Tommy, found two small coins on the floor. |
That was all (that) she remembered.
That was what she remembered. 用表语从句替换
- That was all I wanted to say. 那就是我想说的全部
- That was all I can do for you. ＝I can do nothing else for you.
When she woke up a day later, she found herself in hospital.
主+谓+宾+宾补
- find the books tidy 发现书摆放得整齐
- I found the books in order.
- When I woke up, I found myself in bed.