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表示方向和目的地的介词和副词

右侧笔记支持独立滚动。边听名师连读拆解，边对照右侧的语法事实与统计数据笔记。

介词通常用于被说明地点与时间，介词的后面可以接 名词、代词、doing构成一个介宾短语用于补充说明地点或者时间。§
表示“上on/up、下 off/down” 表示“来 come、去 go”
  • Jim’s standing on the roof. I hope he won’t fall off.  on 和 off
  • Tom’s climbing up the tree. I hope he won’t fall down. up 和 down
  • The ball was coming towards me.
  • The plane flies from Moscow to New York. 一对小品词 from 和 to
  • He went for home. 
  • Did you stop anywhere on your way to the office? 去办公室的路上你在别的地方逗留过吗？
进去 into 出来 out of
He put his hand into his pocket, and took out a phrasebook. Some children are coming out of the building.

towards（强调越来越近）的意义和 to（强调目标）相近，表示“朝，向，接近”等；for 在有些动词后面也表示“往，向”的意思。

leave for… 动身到某地（强调离开，出发） set out for… 动身到某地 head for/to 前往 （强调“去”）
Yesterday my father left for Tianjin.  He left / set out for New York yesterday. You'll need to keep a clear head for your interview.你面试时需要保持清醒的头脑。
aim at 瞄准(目标) fire at(瞄准开火) throw at 朝…扔(投向目标)
They aim at improving quality rather than increasing quantity.
他们的目的在于提高质量而不是增加数量。		 I don't dare fire at that man.
我不敢对他开枪。		 So they picked up stones to throw at him.
于是他们拿石头要打他。
表示“在某个地方”或“在…里面/外面”可用 at（含有一种瞄准的概念，方向性），in，out of 等；表示目的地或位置往往用 at。
through 穿过(洞) How did you get through the fence? 你怎么穿过篱笆的？
across 穿过(平面) He is swimming across the river.
under 穿过(下面) The ship is going under the bridge.
over 越过 How did you get over the wall?
round 绕过 If we win a lot of money we'll travel round the world ...