Lesson 141&142 Sally’s first train ride萨莉第一次乘火车旅行被动语态

my four-year-old daughter ^{我四岁的女儿 + 同位语}

• My daughter is four years old. ^{没有连接符需要复数形式}

a children’s party  ^儿童聚会

• a workers‘ club ^{工人俱乐部}
• a students‘ reading room. ^{学生阅览室}

I decided to take her by train. ^{我决定带她坐火车去。}

decide to do … 决定做…

• She decided to rent out a room to get extra income. ^{她为获得额外收入决定租出一个房间。}
• When they decide to have a party they don't mess around. ^{他们决定搞聚会，便会迅速操办起来。}
• We decide to visit Sansha in July. ^{我们决定七月去三沙。}

Sally was very excited, because she had never traveled before.^{(过去完成时+一般过去，区分先后顺序)}

时间发展顺序: 参加聚会前^(完成)→ 参加聚会时^(过去) → 讲述^(现在)

She sat near the window and asked questions about everything she saw.

everything^(that) she saw  ^{她所见到的一切}

• everything he did ^{他所做的一切}
• something he said ^{他所说的事情}
• everything he left ^{他所留下的一切}

Sally did not answer, but looked at her curiously.

•  looked at her curiously. → looked at her with curiosity. ^{虽然《新一》接近尾声了，知道你与高手之间的距离吗？}

The lady was dressed in a blue coat and a large funny hat.

be dressed in… ^穿着…

• He was dressed in a pair of black jeans.
• He was dressed in khaki trousers. ^{他穿着一条卡其色的裤子。}
• The children were dressed in rags. ^{孩子们穿着破衣烂衫。}

After the train had left the station, the lady opened her handbag and took out her powder compact.

时间发展顺序: 火车开出^(完成) → 打开手提包、拿出...^(过去) → 描述发生的事^(现在)

She then began to make up her face.

begin to do... ^{开始去做...}

• Most roses will begin to bloom from late May. ^{大多数玫瑰从五月末开始开花。}
• Work will now begin to test the hypothesis in rats. ^{在老鼠身上验证这一假设的工作现在要开始了。}
• He began to perspire heavily. ^{他开始大量出汗。}

make up one’s face ^化妆

• Her face was bepainted with excessive make-up. ^{她的脸涂抹了过多化妆品。}
• No need to tartiner your face with make-up. ^{没必要把你的脸上涂上化妆品。}

To make myself beautiful.^{为了把自己打扮的漂亮。}

to… ^表示目的

• I am coming to see you.
• I learn English to go abroad.
• He did that to make her happy.

什么是被动语态

被动语态是一种句子结构，用来强调动作的接受者或受事者，而不是动作的执行者。在被动语态中，动作的接受者成为句子的主语，而动作的执行者通常以介词 "by" 引出或省略不提。

被动语态常用于

被动语态的构成: be + done

被动语态与时态关系非常紧密，be 代表了时态，会随着时间变化而变化 ，done 表示被动的。

被动语态的时态 §

一般现在 V.S. 一般过去

何使用被动语态

1. 不知道动作的发出者 It is broken.
2. 强调动作的发出者He breaks it.&It is broken by him.
3. 没必要提出动作的发出者 A new building was built.
4. 惯用的被动语态 He was born in 1984.

快速理解：过去分词(ed)是自己的感受（I'm excited. ^我兴奋），现在分词(ing) 是给别人的感受(I'm exciting. ^{我让别人兴奋})。

更多类型的词汇

worried ['wʌrid]   ^{adj. 担心，担忧的}

• Don't be worried about the exam.

regularly ['reɡjələli]  ^{adv. 经常的、定期的}

• It’s important to exercise regularly. ^{强调定期的}

• This seat is taken. ^{这位置有人了}
• The tea is served. ^{茶已经准备好了}
• Your coffee is served. ^{你的咖啡已备好}
• Lost time is never found again. ^{岁月流逝，一去不返。}
• A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth. ^{说谎者即使讲真话也没人相信。}
• Rome is not built in a day. ^{冰冻三尺非一日之寒。}