Lesson 28 Patients and doctors病人与医生

This is a sceptical age, but although our faith in many of the things in which our forefathers fervently believed has weakened, our confidence in the curative properties of the bottle of medicine remains the same as theirs.

sceptical age ^{怀疑的时代}

• This is a sceptical age where old beliefs are questioned. ^{这是一个怀疑一切的时代，旧的信仰受到质疑。}
• This is a critical age for challenging traditions. ^{这是一个批判传统的时代。}
• That was a traumatic age marked by war. ^{那是一个留下战争创伤的时代。}

faith ^信心

• We have faith in modern medicine’s curative powers. ^{我们对现代医学的治疗能力有信心。}
• She had implicit faith in socialism all her life. ^{她一生对社会主义有绝对的信心。}
• Opinion polls show voters lost faith in the administration. ^{民调显示选民对政府失去了信心。}

定语从句 ^{Relative Clauses}

• The things in which our forefathers believed. ^{我们的祖先所相信的事物。}
• This is the house in which I lived for 10 years. ^{这是我住了十年的房子。}
• The poem of which she is speaking is famous. ^{她谈到的那首诗很有名。}

weaken ^减弱

• Our faith has weakened over time. ^{我们的信仰随着时间减弱了。}
• The storm began to abate by evening. ^{风暴到傍晚开始减弱。}
• Enthusiasm for the project started to ebb. ^{对项目的热情开始衰退。}

property ^特性

• The curative properties of medicine are trusted. ^{药物的治疗特性受到信任。}
• The plant has medicinal properties. ^{这种植物具有药用特性。}
• The material’s properties make it durable. ^{这种材料的特性使其耐用。}

This modern faith in medicines is proved by the fact that the annual drug bill of the Health Services is mounting to astronomical figures and shows no signs at present of ceasing to rise.

annual ^每年的

• The annual drug bill is mounting. ^{年度药品账单正在增加。}
• The company holds an annual meeting. ^{公司每年举行一次会议。}
• The tree’s annual rings show its age. ^{树的年轮显示其年龄。}

service ^机构

• The Health Service faces rising costs. ^{卫生服务机构面临成本上升。}
• The Civil Service employs thousands. ^{公务员系统雇佣了数千人。}
• She joined the Diplomatic Service. ^{她加入了外交部门。}

mount to ^增加到

• The drug bill is mounting to astronomical figures. ^{药品账单增加到天文数字。}
• The death toll mounted to 100. ^{死亡人数增加到100人。}
• Costs could rise to millions. ^{成本可能上升到数百万。}

signs of ^迹象

• No signs of ceasing to rise in drug costs. ^{药品成本没有停止上升的迹象。}
• I saw no signs of improvement. ^{我没有看到改善的迹象。}
• There are indications of economic recovery. ^{有经济复苏的迹象。}

The majority of the patients attending the medical out-patients departments of our hospitals feel that they have not received adequate treatment unless they are able to carry home with them some tangible remedy in the shape of a bottle of medicine, a box of pills, or a small jar of ointment, and the doctor in charge of the department is only too ready to provide them with these requirements.

attend ^{出席/就诊}

• Patients attending outpatient departments seek remedies. ^{门诊部的就诊患者寻求治疗方法。}
• She attends college part-time. ^{她半工半读上大学。}
• Many attend the hospital weekly. ^{许多人每周去医院就诊。}

outpatient ^门诊病人

• Patients in the outpatient department expect tangible remedies. ^{门诊部的患者期待具体的治疗方法。}
• Inpatients stay overnight, unlike outpatients. ^{住院病人需过夜，不同于门诊病人。}
• The emergency room handles urgent cases. ^{急诊室处理紧急病例。}

receive ^接受

• They have not received adequate treatment. ^{他们没有得到充分的治疗。}
• The exhibition received much attention. ^{展览获得了很多关注。}
• She received a warm welcome at the monastery. ^{她在修道院受到热烈欢迎。}

in the shape of ^以…形式

• A remedy in the shape of a bottle of medicine. ^{以一瓶药形式出现的治疗方法。}
• Help came in the shape of a loan. ^{帮助以贷款的形式到来。}
• No proposals in any shape were received. ^{没有收到任何形式的提议。}

too … to … ^{非常…/太…而不会}

• The doctor is only too ready to provide remedies. ^{医生非常乐于提供治疗方法。}
• I’m too pleased to help you. ^{我非常高兴帮助你。}
• He was too excited to speak. ^{他激动得说不出话。}

There is no quicker method of disposing of patients than by giving them what they are asking for, and since most medical men in the Health Services are overworked and have little time for offering time-consuming and little-appreciated advice on such subjects as diet, right living, and the need for abandoning bad habits etc., the bottle, the box, and the jar are almost always granted them.

method of doing ^{做某事的方法}

• No quicker method of disposing of patients than giving remedies. ^{没有比给药更快的打发患者的方法。}
• The method of solving the issue was simple. ^{解决问题的方法很简单。}
• A new method of teaching was introduced. ^{引入了一种新的教学方法。}

dispose of ^打发走

• Disposing of patients by giving remedies is quick. ^{通过给药打发患者很快。}
• It took hours to get rid of him. ^{花了几个小时才把他打发走。}
• They disposed of the problem swiftly. ^{他们迅速处理了这个问题。}

状语从句省略 ^{Ellipsis in Adverbial Clauses}

• No quicker method than by giving them what they want. ^{没有比给他们想要的东西更快的办法。}
• No quicker method than the method of disposing by giving remedies. ^{没有比通过给药打发更快的办法。}
• No quicker method than by looking at the watch for an unwelcome guest. ^{没有比频频看表更快的打发不受欢迎客人的方法。}

medical ^医学的

• Most medical men are overworked. ^{大多数医务人员工作过度。}
• She is a medical student. ^{她是一名医学生。}
• Medical expenses are rising. ^{医疗费用正在上涨。}

复合形容词 ^{Compound Adjectives}

• Overworked doctors have little time for advice. ^{过度工作的医生几乎没有时间提供建议。}
• Time-consuming advice is rarely offered. ^{耗时的建议很少被提供。}
• The city is overcrowded during festivals. ^{节日期间城市过于拥挤。}

Nor is it only the ignorant and ill-educated person who has such faith in the bottle of medicine.

复合形容词 ^{Compound Adjectives}

• Not only the ill-educated trust in medicine. ^{不仅受教育不足的人相信药物。}
• Ill-treated animals need better care. ^{受虐待的动物需要更好的照顾。}
• His ill-mannered behavior was noticed. ^{他的无礼行为引人注目。}

nor ^否定语气

• Nor is it only the ignorant who trust medicine. ^{绝不仅是无知的人相信药物。}
• Spiders are not insects, nor related to them. ^{蜘蛛不是昆虫，也与它们毫无关系。}
• Haier leads appliances; nor is this accidental. ^{海尔引领家电行业，这绝非偶然。}

It is recounted of Thomas Carlyle that when he heard of the illness of his friend, Henry Taylor, he went off immediately to visit him, carrying with him in his pocket what remained a bottle of medicine formerly prescribed for an indisposition of Mrs. Carlyle's.

Thomas Carlyle ^{托马斯·卡莱尔}

• Thomas Carlyle wrote ‘The French Revolution.’ ^{托马斯·卡莱尔撰写了《法国大革命》。}
• Carlyle was a prominent British historian. ^{卡莱尔是英国著名的历史学家。}
• His essays influenced many readers. ^{他的散文影响了许多读者。}

it is recounted of ^据说

• It is recounted of Carlyle that he visited Taylor. ^{据说卡莱尔去探望泰勒。}
• It is related of Confucius that he sought office. ^{据说孔子曾渴望担任官职。}
• Legend has it Qu Yuan drowned himself. ^{据传说屈原投江自尽。}

go off ^动身

• Carlyle went off to visit Taylor. ^{卡莱尔动身去探望泰勒。}
• They set off on a journey at dawn. ^{他们在黎明时分出发旅行。}
• The Titanic started off across the Atlantic. ^{泰坦尼克号开始横渡大西洋。}

what remained of ^剩下的

• What remained a bottle of medicine. ^{剩下的一瓶药。}
• Dogs ate what was left of the cake. ^{狗吃掉了剩下的蛋糕。}
• What remained of the supplies was scarce. ^{物资的剩余很少。}

prescribe for ^开药

• Medicine prescribed for Mrs. Carlyle’s illness. ^{为卡莱尔夫人疾病开的药。}
• The doctor prescribed antibiotics for the infection. ^{医生为感染开了抗生素。}
• Tablets were prescribed for his condition. ^{为他的病情开了药片。}

Carlyle was entirely ignorant of what the bottle in his pocket contained, of the nature of the illness from which his friend was suffering, and of what had previously been wrong with his wife, but a medicine that had worked so well in one form of illness would surely be of equal benefit in another, and comforted by the thought of the help he was bringing to his friend, he hastened to Henry Taylor's house.

be ignorant of ^无知

• Carlyle was ignorant of the bottle’s contents. ^{卡莱尔对瓶子里的东西一无所知。}
• She was ignorant about the risks involved. ^{她对相关风险一无所知。}
• He remained ignorant of the new rules. ^{他对新规则一无所知。}

并列句省略 ^{Ellipsis in Parallel Sentences}

• Carlyle was ignorant of the contents, (ignorant) of the illness, and (ignorant) of his wife’s issue. ^{卡莱尔对瓶子内容、朋友的疾病和妻子的病情一无所知。}
• Teachers live by selling knowledge, philosophers (live) by wisdom. ^{教师靠卖知识为生，哲学家靠卖智慧为生。}
• Science majors look down on humanities, Chinese majors (look down) on philosophy. ^{理科生鄙视文科生，中文系鄙视哲学系。}

work ^起作用

• A medicine that worked well in one illness. ^{在一种疾病中效果很好的药物。}
• The strategy is working effectively. ^{这个策略正在有效运作。}
• The system worked so well it was adopted globally. ^{该系统效果很好，被全球采纳。}

be of + 名词 ^描述特性

• Medicine would be of equal benefit in another illness. ^{药物在另一种疾病中会有同等效果。}
• It is of no use to argue now. ^{现在争论毫无用处。}
• He is of middle height. ^{他中等身高。}

History does not relate whether his friend accepted his medical help, but in all probability he did.

in all probability ^很可能

• In all probability, Taylor accepted the medicine. ^{很可能泰勒接受了药物。}
• In all likelihood, it will rain later. ^{很可能会下雨。}
• In all sincerity, I appreciate your help. ^{我非常真诚地感谢你的帮助。}

The great advantage of taking medicine is that it makes no demands on the taker beyond that of putting up for a moment with a disgusting taste, and that is what all patients demand of their doctors—to be cured at no inconvenience to themselves.

make no demands on ^{无额外要求}

• Medicine makes no demands beyond tolerating taste. ^{药物除了忍受味道外没有其他要求。}
• I make no demands beyond studying hard. ^{我除了努力学习外没有其他要求。}
• She makes no demands beyond quitting smoking. ^{她除了戒烟外没有其他要求。}

demand of ^要求

• Patients demand of doctors a cure with no inconvenience. ^{患者要求医生提供无不便的治疗。}
• He demands little of others but much of himself. ^{他对别人要求少，对自己要求多。}
• Celestial navigation demands a fantastic map sense of animals. ^{天文导航要求动物有惊人的地图感。}