Jeremy Hampden has a large circle of friends and is very popular at parties.
have a large circle of friends ＝sb. has/have a lot of friends (有一个很大的朋友圈子, 交际很广)
- He has a large circle of friends. 他有很多朋友
【造句】He has a large circle of friends for he is a musical man. 他的交际很广因为他是一个很懂音乐的人。
circle 的含义之一是“（具有共同利益或兴趣等的人形成的）圈子，…界”
- Such things are never talked about in business circles.
- Jeremy used to have a large circle of friends, but now he likes being alone.
popular adj. 受欢迎的，得人心的
- She is very popular at school.
- Video games are very popular with children.
- Mary is always popular with/among children.
- Gardening is very popular in Maryland. 园艺在马里兰州很受欢迎。
- I accept that this will not be popular. 我认为这是不会受欢迎的。
| popular science 科学普及 | Students should do more reading about popular science. 学生应当多读些科普读物。 |
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Everybody admires him for his great sense of humour -- everybody, that is, except his six-year-old daughter, Jenny.
admire… for 钦佩…的… (因某事而佩服某人)
- I really admire his capacity for work.我真钦佩他的工作能力。
- He's so effective. I admire Ginny for pretty much the same reason. 他真有效。我佩服金尼也出于此因。
- I really admire his capacity for work. 我真钦佩他的工作能力。
,that is, 插入语 一旦插在句子当中, 是作为固定结构, 意思是“那就是说，亦即”，起解释作用
- He is coming home next Monday, that is, April 5th. 他下周一回家，也就是4月5日。
- That would mean voting no, that is to say, using the veto. 那就意味着投反对票，也就是说，行使否决权。
- In practical terms , it means spending less. 具体点说，那意味着少花些钱。
- He is coming home next Monday, that is, if he does not change his plan.
sense of humour 幽默感
- George has no sense of humour. 没有幽默感
- He is a man without humour. 没有幽默感的人
- He has a good/great sense of humor.
| sense of sth. 理解、感知或认识 | Helmets can give cyclists a false sense of security. 头盔能给骑自行车的人一种虚假的安全感。 |
|---|---|
| sense of pride 自豪感 | He felt a strong sense of pride after winning the prize. 获奖之后，他心中涌起强烈的自豪感。 |
| sense of independence 独立意识 | Parents should help kids build a sense of independence. 父母应当帮助孩子树立独立意识。 |
| sense of superiority 优越感 | Don’t have a sense of superiority over others. 不要对别人抱有优越感。 |
| sense of inferiority 自卑感 | Try to get rid of your sense of inferiority. 努力摆脱你的自卑感。 |
Recently, one of Jeremy's closest friends asked him to make a speech at a wedding reception.
one of + 复数名词 + 单数谓语
- One of my friends is coming to Beijing.
- When you visit London, one of the first things you will see is Big Ben, the famous clock which can be heard all over the world on the B. B. C.
closest friends 最亲密的朋友
- I only share my deepest secrets with my closest friends.我只会与我最亲密的朋友分享我的最深秘密。
- I count him among my closest friends. 我把他看作我一个最亲密的朋友。
asked sb. to make sth. 请某人做某事
- She asked the chef to make a special dessert for the party.
- They asked their friend to make a PowerPoint presentation for the meeting.
| have sth. done 请人做某事(让某事被做) | The vicar has been asked to have the tree cut down, but so far he has refused. |
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make a speech 发言，讲话，发表祝词
- He made a very boring after-dinner speech.
| give a speech 发表演讲 | She will give a speech at the school meeting. 她将在校会上发表演讲。 |
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| deliver a speech 发表演说（更正式） | The president will deliver a speech tomorrow. 总统将于明天发表演说。 |
| a speech on/about human rights 关于人权的演讲 | He prepared a speech on human rights. 他准备了一篇关于人权的演讲。 |
This is the sort of thing that Jeremy loves.
the sort of, the kind of 的后面加单数
- This is what Jeremy loves.
- This is just what Jeremy loves.
- She's the sort of person who stands out in a crowd. 她是那种在人群中很显眼的人。
- It was the kind of rumour that it is impossible to refute. 这是那种不可能推翻的谣言。
n. + that = 定语 or 同位语从句？
| 定语从句 修饰、限定名词 | 同位语从名 解释、说明名词 |
|---|---|
| that 做成分(倒着翻译) | that 不做成分(顺着翻译) |
| It is the most interesting movie that I have ever seen. | We have no idea that the boss has been back. |
He prepared the speech carefully and went to the wedding with Jenny.
prepare sth. 准备做…(后面跟内容有关系)
- I am preparing a speech / dinner.
- The teacher is preparing the exam. 准备考试
- The students are preparing for the exam. 为考试做准备
- Hope for the best and prepare for the worst.抱最好的希望，做最坏的打算。
- be prepared for danger in times of peace 居安思危
| prepare for sth. 为…作准备(后面不一定跟内容有关系) | The king urged his people to prepare for war. 国王呼吁臣民百姓准备作战。 |
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He had included a large number of funny stories in the speech and, of course, it was a great success.
It was a great success. 表示“这事做的不错,不同凡响,很成功”
- The experiment was a big success.
- The film was a great success. 大获成功
| included 包含（把里面内容的一部分挑出来说） | contain 强调容器里的包含, 后面一定要把所有的东西都列举出来 |
|---|---|
| Entertainment included a ventriloquist. 演出的包括一名口技表演者。 | This drink doesn't contain any alcohol.这种饮料不含任何酒精。 |
As soon as he had finished, Jenny told him she wanted to go home.
The moment/minute/second/instant he had finished, Jenny told him she wanted to go home.
英式：Immediately/Directly/Instantly he had finished, Jenny told him she wanted to go home.
主谓主谓：后面是从句 §
- He had no sooner finished than Jenny told him she wanted to go home.
- He had hardly finished when Jenny told him she wanted to go home.
- No sooner had he finished than Jenny told him she wanted to go home. 部分倒装
- Hardly had he finished when Jenny told him she wanted to go home.部分倒装
| As soon as he had finished, | Jenny told him | she wanted to go home. |
| 时间状语从句 | 主谓 | 主谓(宾语从句) |
| 时间状语主句 | ||
Jeremy was a little disappointed by this but he did as his daughter asked.
a little 稍微, 有一点
- She felt a little better now. 这会儿她觉得好点儿了。
- She shelled and ate a few nuts. 她剥了一些坚果吃。
- I think I've got a bit of a stomach bug. 我觉得我有点肠胃感染。
- I feel a little tired today. 我今天感觉有点累。
| a bit 一点儿；稍微 | It is a bit cold outside. 外面有点冷。 |
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| a little bit 一点点（语气更弱） | The box is a little bit heavy. 这个箱子有一点点重。 |
| kind of 有点儿，稍微（口语） | I’m kind of nervous before the test. 考试前我有点紧张。 |
| sort of 有点儿，算是（口语） | It is sort of a surprise. 这算是一个惊喜。 |
| somewhat 有点，稍微（书面） | The task is somewhat difficult. 这项任务有点难。 |
be disappointed by… 因为…感到失望
- I was disappointed by the quality of the wine. 这酒的质量令我失望。
- She was disappointed by his lack of initiative.她对他缺乏主动性感到失望。
as + 从句 如同…那样，以…的方式（方式状语从句）
- do as you are told 按你被告知的做
- Do it as I told you last week.
- This fish isn’t cooked as I like it.
- When in Rome, do as Romans do.入乡随俗(as + 句子，“按照..方式”，引导方式状语从句)
- They did as I had asked.
- Leave the books as they are.
- She lost it, just as I said she would.
| as + 从句 引导时间状语从句 | Grandpa is making breakfast as Robbie enters. |
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On the way home, he asked Jenny if/whether she had enjoyed the speech.
On the way to + 地点 在去[地点]的路上：指在返回[地点]的途中，通常用于描述某人或某物正在前往[地点]的过程中。
- It was on the way to the station. 那是在去火车站的路上。
- She is well on the way to recovery. 她就要康复了。
- I listen to the radio on the way to work. 我在上班的路上听广播。
To his surprise, she said she hadn't.
注意时态，这是结合了上下文的回答，上面问的 had enjoyed，这里的回答就是 Yes, she had. / No, she hadn't.
to sb's. surprise 令某人惊讶的是
- To my surprise, the twins have nothing in common. 令我惊讶的是，这对双胞胎毫无共同之处。
- To her surprise, inside was a gold watch. 令她惊讶的是，里面是一块金表。
- To my surprise, he passed the exam. 令我惊讶的是，他通过了考试。
- To its surprise, the carpenter made it into a feed box for animals. 令它吃惊的是，木匠把它做成了一个动物饲料箱。
- To my great surprise / Much to my surprise, I didn’t lock the door.
| to one’s amusement 令某人觉得好笑的是 | To our amusement, the cat wore a small hat. 让我们觉得好笑的是，这只猫戴了一顶小帽子。 |
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| to one’s dismay 令某人沮丧/惊愕的是 | To her dismay, she missed the last bus. 令她沮丧的是，她错过了末班车。 |
| to one’s embarrassment 令某人尴尬的是 | To his embarrassment, his phone rang in class. 令他尴尬的是，他的手机在课堂上响了。 |
| to one’s great surprise 令某人大为惊讶的是 | To our great surprise, he won first prize. 令我们大为惊讶的是，他得了一等奖。 |
| much to one’s surprise 令某人大感意外的是 | Much to my surprise, she refused the invitation. 令我大感意外的是，她拒绝了邀请。 |
Jeremy asked her why this was so and she told him that she did not like to see so many people laughing at him!
why this was so（this 可以作主语, 也可以作宾语，so 只能作宾语, 只能放在动词后面）
- I think / hope / guess / expect so.
- I refuse to do so. 我拒绝这样做
| Jeremy asked her | why this was so | and | she told him | that she did not like to see so many people laughing at him! |
| 主句 | 宾语从句 | 并列 | 主句 | 宾语从句 |
see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在作某事
- I saw you kicking at my dog! 我看见你踢我的狗了！
- We saw you giving your daughter a box at the airport. 我们在机场看到你给了你女儿一个盒子。
- I've never seen her dancing. 我从未看见过她跳舞。
| see that + 从句 | We saw that you give your daughter a box at the airport. |
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so many people so + many + 可数名词复数
- So many hotels resemble each other. 许多酒店看上去都差不多。
- How had he managed to run up so many debts? 他怎么欠了这么多债？
- I had never seen so many derelicts in one place. 我从未在一个地方见到过这么多无家可归的人。
- This ham has too much fat on it. too + much + 不可数名词
laugh vi. (大)笑;因…而发笑
- I laughed at the joke.
- You’re very kind to laugh when I tell a funny story.
- Everybody laughed out loud when he said that.
laugh vi. 嘲笑，取笑（介词用 at）
- She is not afraid to laugh at herself.
- Everybody laughs at my accent.
- If you go round saying things like that, everyone will laugh at you.如果你到处说那种话，所有的人都会嘲笑你的。
- You’re very kind to laugh at my funny stories. 如果 laugh at 后跟的是物，表示“因…而发笑”