精讲课 笔记随视频锁定
鬼吧

右侧笔记支持独立滚动。边听名师连读拆解，边对照右侧的语法事实与统计数据笔记。

A public house which  was recently bought by Mr. Ian Thompson is up for sale.

for sale 拿出来卖的

be up for 有待于…，为了某一目的 on sale 打折卖(特价)
This problem is up for discussion.这个问题有待于讨论 These bikes are on sale. 这些自行车正在廉价出售。

He told me that he could not go to sleep one night because he heard a strange noise coming from the bar. bar 为酒吧或酒店中卖酒的柜台

go/get to sleep 入睡，睡着（进入睡眠状态）

  • I couldn’t get to sleep last night. 我昨晚无法入睡。
  • I was tossing and turning all night.
fall asleep 睡着，入睡（强调动作，不知不觉睡着） He fell asleep while reading. 他看书的时候睡着了。
go to bed 上床睡觉（指上床这个动作，不一定睡着） I usually go to bed at ten. 我通常十点上床睡觉。
toss and turn 辗转反侧（睡不着翻来覆去） I tossed and turned all night. 我整夜辗转反侧。
stay/sit up 熬夜
I stayed up all night, preparing for the exam.
a night owl 夜猫子
He is a night owl.

hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事

在一些表示感觉的动词如 see，hear，feel，watch，notice 等之后，往往用“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”这个结构，其宾语补足语既可以是不定式（通常不加 to），也可以是现在分词，两者在意义上区别不大，现在分词表示动作正在发生，不定式则表示动作发生了：
  • I heard someone knocking at the door. 我听到有人正在敲门。
  • I heard you sing this song yesterday. 昨天我听到你唱这支歌。

The next morning, he found that the doors had been blocked by chairs and the furniture had been moved.

the next morning 第二天早上

  • The next morning, we set off early. 第二天一早，我们就出发了。
the following morning 次日早上（偏书面） The following morning, she found her lost key. 次日早上，她找到了丢失的钥匙。
the morning after 之后的那个早上 The morning after the party, he felt tired. 聚会后的那个早上，他感到疲惫。
the previous morning 前一天早上（偏书面） I met him the previous morning. 我在前一天早上见过他。
the morning before 前一天早上（口语常用） She had left the morning before. 她在前一天早上就离开了。

时态顺序

一般过去(后发生) 过去完成(先发生)
he found had been blocked ... and ... had been moved. 被动

Though Mr.Thompson had turned the lights off before he went to bed, they were on in the morning.

be + on 为形容词 表示“开着的，接通的”，其反义词为 off

  • When he arrived home, he found that all the lights were on/off.
  • Is the TV on? I thought I had turned it off. （turn off 关闭）
  • The TV is on. 机器在运转
  • The battle is on. 事情在继续
  • The bet is still on. 还存在
  • What’s on at the cinema today? 电影在上映
turn on / switch on 打开（灯、电视等电器） Please turn on the light. 请打开灯。
turn off / switch off 关掉（灯、电视等电器） Remember to switch off the TV before leaving. 离开前记得关掉电视。
put out 扑灭（火）；熄灭灯火 Firemen managed to put out the fire. 消防员成功扑灭了大火。
turn up 把音量调大；调高声量 Can you turn up the radio? 你能把收音机音量调大一点吗？
turn down 把音量调小；调低音量 Please turn down your music. 请把你的音乐音量调小。

He also said that he had found five empty whisky bottles which the ghost must have drunk the night before.

表时间的状语

the night before 前一天晚上 last night 昨天晚上
the week before 前一个星期 last week 上个星期
the day before 前一天 the day after 后一天
the next day 下一天 tomorrow 明天

直接引语 → 间接引语

He also said: ‘ I have found five empty whisky bottles which the ghost must have drunk last night.’ 直接引语

直接引语时间 间接引语时间
now then
last night the night before
last week the week before
yesterday the day before
two days ago two days before / earlier
today that day
tonight that night
tomorrow the next / following day
last night the night before

When I suggested that some villagers must have come in for a free drink, Mr.Thompson shook his head.

shake one's head 摇头，表示异议

  • The instructor made him shake his head, swing his arms, stretch his neck and bend his knees.教练让他摇头，摆动手臂，伸展脖子，弯曲膝盖。
nod one's head 点头 To which of the gulfs did he nod his head?他向这些深渊中的哪一条点头表示同意？

The villagers have told him that they will not accept the pub even if he gives it away.

even if 即使 引导的让步状语从句含有很强的假定性

  • I won’t have dinner with him even if he pays for it.

give away 捐献，免费的送，赠送

  • He gave all his books away to the library.
  • He gave away all his possessions and became a monk.