Lesson 89 A slip of the tongue口误情态动词 分裂结构

that 引导的同位语从句本应该紧接the news,但英语中礼让弱小的原则：“get round”较短，所在提前到了同位语从句之前。导致很容易被认成“宾语从句”。
作者选择将 "that" 引导的定语从句放在主句之后，构成了一个离位定语从句(分裂定语从句)。这种结构的目的是引起读者的兴趣和注意。
这是一种相对不常见的结构，用于将定语从句中的一部分（通常是关系代词 "that" 或 "which"）放置在主句之前，从而引起一些注意和强调。这种结构在较正式的写作中更常见，用于强调信息。

We had to queue for hours to get in and there must have been several hundred people present just before the show began.

We had to queue for hours to get in.	there must have been several hundred people present.	just before the show began.
have to 可替换为must^{（have to 时态更灵活）} for + 时间 ^{持续...多久时间} to do ^表目的	There be + n.＋介词短语 ^{There are people before the show begin.} must have been ^{推测过去(现在的之前)} present ^{adj. 在场的（人）}	just before^{就在…之前}

Unfortunately, the show was one of the dullest (show) we have ever seen.

one of the dullest (show) ^{最糟糕的(show)之一}

'This is the prettiest carpet I have ever seen,' she said.§

* Those who failed to get in need not have felt disappointed, as many of the artistes who should have appeared did not come.

真实表达 ^{情态动词 + do}；虚拟表达 ^{情态动词+have done}

Those	who failed to get in	need not have felt disappointed,	as many of the artistes	who should have appeared	did not come.
主语	定语从句^{(修饰Those)}	谓语^{(needn't have done 虚拟表达)}	从句的主语	定语从句^{(修饰many of the artistes)}	谓语
原因状语主句 Those don't feel disappointed.			原因状语从句 some artistes didn’t come.

The only funny things (that) we heard that evening came from the advertiser at the beginning of the programme. ^主主谓谓

The only funny things	we heard	that evening	came from the advertiser	-	-	at the beginning of the programme.
先行词	定语从句 ^{(省略关系词)}	Who / Which?	What?	How？	Where?	When?
先行词	定语从句 ^{(省略关系词)}	宾语从句

As soon as he opened his mouth, everyone burst out laughing.

burst out ^{突然…起来（后面常接动名词，或 in/into+名词）}

When she heard that her father had died in the accident, she burst out crying.
At the sight of the drunk, everyone burst out laughing/in laughter.

We all know what the poor man should have said, but what he actually said was: "..."

常规主语从句^{(即句子在复合句中充当一个主语，主语从句的时态不受主句时态的影响和限制)}
That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.^{他在如此短的时间内写完作文使我们十分惊讶。}
Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown. ^{我们明天是否会去郊游仍旧未知。}
Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet. ^{现在还没有决定谁会成为我们的班长。}
Whom we must study for is a question of great importance. ^{“我们为谁而学习”是个很重要的问题。}
What caused the accident remains unknown. ^{事故的起因是未知的。}
Whatever you did is right. ^{你做的任何事都是正确的。}
Whom the watch belongs to is unknown. ^{手表的归属是未知的。}
What we need is time. ^{我们需要的是时间。}
What we need are good doctors. ^{我们需要的是好的医生。}

形式主语it^{为避免头重脚轻，常以形式主语it引导从句。 It + 形式主语谓语 + 从句}
It is certain that he will win the match. ^{他一定会赢得这场比赛的。}
It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry. ^{他的确在化学领域有了一个伟大的发现。}
It is very likely that they will hold a meeting. ^{他们很有可能会举行一场会议。}
It is strange that he should do that. ^{他竟然那样做是很奇怪的。}
It is important that we all should attend the meeting. ^{重要的是我们都应该参加会议。}
It is strange that the man should have stuck to his silly ideas. ^{真奇怪，这个人竟然坚持自己愚蠢的想法。}
It is a pity that we won't be able to go to the south to spend our summer vacation. ^{真遗憾我们不能去南方度过我们的暑假。}
It is still a mystery what caused the accident. ^{造成事故的原因仍旧是个秘密。}
It is said that he has gone to Shanghai. = He is said to have gone to shanghai. ^{据说他已经去上海了。}
It is known to all that the gunpowder was first invented by the Chinese. ^{所有人都知道火药最初是由中国人发明的。}
It is suggested that the work should be done with great care. ^{建议工作应该被小心地被完成。}
It happened that the two cheats were there.=The two cheats happened to be there. ^{两个骗子碰巧在那里。}

单词句型一词多义更新于:2024-03-26 11:34:09

free	adj. 免费的，无偿的	She has got some free ticket to the comedy show. The people are free to choose who will govern them.
free	adj. 自由的，没束缚的，不受控制的，空闲的	You are free to make your own decision. I’m free on Friday evening.
single	adj. 单身的，独身的，未婚的	I enjoy being single. Are you married or single? a single parent ^{单亲（独自一人养育儿女的父亲或母亲）}
Funny	adj. 有趣的，滑稽的，逗人发笑的^{（与 amusing 同义）}	He included a large number of funny stories in his speech.
Funny	adj. 反常的，古怪的，奇怪的（口语）	I thought there was something funny about the parcel, so I phoned the police. This morning I saw her wearing a funny hat which looked like a lighthouse.

Queue	vi. 排队	We had to queue for hours to get in. She has to queue for the bus every morning.
Queue	n.（按顺序等待的人、车等的）行列、队^{（通常为纵队）}	There’s a long queue/line of people waiting for the bus. We’d better join the queue for tickets.
row	n.（人或物的）一排、一行^{（通常为横的）}	You can see me in this old photo, standing in the back row. Please put the desks in four rows.
line	n.排，行，列；队列，队伍	The sparse line of spectators noticed nothing unusual. The next line should read: Five days, 23.5 hours.

扩展知识情态动词；分裂结构更新于:2024-03-26 11:31:02

情态动词	表示情态	表示推测	表示虚拟^(仅5个)
must / have to §	必须...	肯定\一定...^{(把握最大)}	🚫
will / would §	将要...	将会、会、愿意^{(较强信念或推测)}	would have done ^{(will ×)}
may / might §	可以...	可能、也许^{(较弱的可能性)}	might have done ^{(may ×)}
can / could §	能够...	^{(能力和可能性)}通常用于否定表cannot 不可能...	could have done ^{(can ×)}
should / ought to §	应该...	应该^{(强调道德或伦理的义务感)}	should have done = ought to have done
need §	需要...	需要^{(必要性或建议)}	need have done

翻译虚拟表达 ^{加中文“本来...但是...”}

need have done ^{本来需要做某事(实际上没做)}
ought to have done ^{本来应该做某事(实际上没做)}
would have done ^{本来将要做某事(实际上没做)}
could have done ^{本来能够做某事(实际上没做)}
might have done ^{本来可能做某事(实际上没有)}

分裂结构 ^{原本流畅且连贯的句子被调整了顺序导致了不再流畅与连贯}

后移式	插入式
When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously.	This, however, is not the best solution.
When the news got round that a comedy show would be presented at our local cinema by the P. and U. Bird Seed Company,we all rushed to see it.	This, he says, is not the best solution.

save my ass. ^{救我一命（不是“保定”）：用于形容某人帮助或拯救自己免于困境、危险或失败。}

Lesson 88 Trapped in a mine

Lesson 90 What's for supper?

Lesson 89 A slip of the tongue口误情态动词 分裂结构

与课文关联的单词

slip *

comedy

present *

queue

dull

artiste

advertiser

A slip of the tongue 口误，说走了嘴，失言

People will do anything to see a free show -- even if it is a bad one.

* When the news got round that a comedy show would be presented at our local cinema by the P. and U. Bird Seed Company, we all rushed to see it.

get round = get around/about 四处传遍，（消息、谣言等）传开

分裂结构

We had to queue for hours to get in and there must have been several hundred people present just before the show began.

Unfortunately, the show was one of the dullest (show) we have ever seen.

one of the dullest (show) 最糟糕的(show)之一

* Those who failed to get in need not have felt disappointed, as many of the artistes who should have appeared did not come.

真实表达 情态动词 + do；虚拟表达 情态动词+have done

The only funny things (that) we heard that evening came from the advertiser at the beginning of the programme. 主主谓谓

As soon as he opened his mouth, everyone burst out laughing.

burst out 突然…起来（后面常接动名词，或 in/into+名词）

We all know what the poor man should have said, but what he actually said was: "..."

翻译虚拟表达 加中文“本来...但是...”

分裂结构 原本流畅且连贯的句子被调整了顺序导致了不再流畅与连贯

Lesson 89 A slip of the tongue

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Lesson 89 A slip of the tongue口误情态动词分裂结构

slip ^*

present ^*

A slip of the tongue ^{口误，说走了嘴，失言}

get round = get around/about ^{四处传遍，（消息、谣言等）传开}

one of the dullest (show) ^{最糟糕的(show)之一}

真实表达 ^{情态动词 + do}；虚拟表达 ^{情态动词+have done}

The only funny things (that) we heard that evening came from the advertiser at the beginning of the programme. ^主主谓谓

burst out ^{突然…起来（后面常接动名词，或 in/into+名词）}

翻译虚拟表达 ^{加中文“本来...但是...”}

分裂结构 ^{原本流畅且连贯的句子被调整了顺序导致了不再流畅与连贯}