精讲课 笔记随视频锁定
探索洞穴的过程

右侧笔记支持独立滚动。边听名师连读拆解，边对照右侧的语法事实与统计数据笔记。

A team of pot-holers recently went down the Gouffre Berger.

A team of  一支团队

After entering the narrow gap on the plateau, they climbed down the steep sides of the cave until they came to narrow corridor.

narrow adj. 狭窄的，狭小的

  • the narrow gap 狭窄的缝隙
  • the narrow corridor 狭窄的通道、走廊
  • The curriculum was too narrow and too rigid. 课程设置过于狭窄和死板。

They had to edge their way along this, sometimes wading across shallow streams, or swimming across deep pools.

edge one's way 侧着身子走

  • He edged his way through the crowded room. 他小心翼翼地挤过拥挤的房间。
squeeze one's way 挤过去 She had to squeeze her way through the crowded hallway.她不得不挤过拥挤的走廊。
squeeze through ... Squeezing through a cleft in the rocks, the pot-holers arrived at an enormous cavern, the size of a huge concert hall.
squeeze in ... We can squeeze in one more chair at the table. 我们可以在桌子旁再挤一把椅子。
squeeze past ...  She squeezed past the people blocking the exit. 她挤过挡在出口的人群。
squeeze by ... I had to squeeze by the boxes to get to the door. 我不得不挤过这些箱子才能到门口。

动词 + one's way

make one's way 前进，前行 The hospital had been bombed and Hans had made his way back into Western Germany on foot.
find one's way (人)找到...路、(物)到达某地
trace one's way 沿着...路（找到路） We expected the path to end abruptly, but we found that it traced its way through the trees. 
weave one's way 迂回前进（穿行） The cyclist weaved his way through the heavy traffic.骑自行车的人在繁忙的交通中穿行。
wind one's way 蜿蜒 The river winds its way through the valley.这条河蜿蜒穿过山谷。
force one's way 强行挤过 He forced his way through the crowd to get to the front. 他强行挤过人群到前面。
elbow one's way 用胳膊肘挤过 She elbowed her way to the front of the line. 她用胳膊肘挤到队伍的前面。
Feel one's way 摸索着前进 She felt her way through the dark room. 小心翼翼地摸索着前进。
Lost one's way 迷路 He lost his way while hiking in the dense forest. 在茂密的森林中迷了路。
tunnel one's way 拼命挤着前进 He tunneled his way through the crowded market. 她费力地在人群中穿行。

Suddenly they came to a waterfall which dropped into an underground lake at the bottom of the cave.

Suddenly they came to a waterfall and the waterfall dropped into an underground lake at the bottom of the cave. 翻译、理解时按“啰嗦”的并列处理

They plunged into the lake, and after loading their gear on an inflatable rubber dinghy, let the current carry them to the other side.

plunge into ... “扑通”一声纵身跃入水中

To protect themselves from the icy water, they had to wear special rubber suits.

To navigate through the dense jungle, they had to rely on machetes to clear a path. 为了在茂密的丛林中穿行，他们不得不依靠砍刀开路。

At the far end of the lake, they came to huge piles of rubble which had been washed up by the water.

rubble n.瓦砾，碎石(不可数)

  • Brick rubble is useful as the base for paths and patios.  碎砖可用作道路和天井的基石。
  • The bomb reduced the houses to rubble. 炸弹把那片房子炸成了一堆瓦砾。

washed up 被冲上岸

  • Thousands of herring and crab are washed up on the beaches during every storm.  成千上万的鲱鱼和螃蟹每逢暴风雨都会被冲上岸。

In this part of the cave, they could hear an insistent booming sound which they found was caused by a small waterspout shooting down into a pool from the roof of the cave.

双重定语从句 （嵌入式定语从句）

  • She has an adopted son who she says is an orphan. 她有一个养子，这个养子据她讲是个孤儿。
  • Aleko suddenly acquired a new lamb which he claimed was bought. Aleko突然得到了一只新的羊羔，这只羊羔他声称是买来的。
嵌入定语从句 影响句子的意思 插入语 去掉后不影响句子的意思
He's just published an article which I don't think is interesting at all. He's just published an article ,I don't think, is interesting at all.
I met a man whom I thought was a lunatic. I met a man ,I thought, was a lunatic.

Squeezing through a cleft in the rocks, the pot-holers arrived at an enormous cavern, the size of a huge concert hall.

the size of 相当于…的面积 

  • The new planet is about ten times the size of the earth. 这个新发现的行星大约是地球大小的10倍。
  • The largest asteroid is Ceres, which is about a quarter the size of the moon. 最大的小行星是谷神星，其体积大约是月球的四分之一。

After switching on powerful arc lights, they saw great stalagmites — some of them over forty feet high —  rising up like tree-trunks to meet the stalactites suspended from the roof.

... — some of them being over forty feet high — ...
switch on ⇔ sth. 打开 switch off ⇔ sth. 关掉
He switched on the lights when it got dark. 当天黑时，他打开了灯。 Don't forget to switch off the stove after cooking. 煮饭后别忘了关闭炉子。
造句：After switching on the light, I saw sparkling diamonds —some of them as big as marbles— contained in a small black box.在打开灯之后，我看到在一个小 黑盒子里面装着闪闪发光的钻石，其中有些有玻璃球那么大。

Round about, piles of limestone glistened in all the colours of the rainbow.

glisten in 闪耀在...里

  • Dewdrops glisten in the morning sun.露珠在晨光下闪闪发光。

In the eerie silence of the cavern, the only sound that could be heard was made by water which dripped continuously from the high dome above them.

造句：In the eerie silence of the house, the only sound that could be heard was made by wind which blew continuously from a broken window.在这栋房子可怕的寂静中，唯一 能听到的声音就是从一扇打碎的窗子不断吹进的风声。