精讲课 笔记随视频锁定
神话爱好者

右侧笔记支持独立滚动。边听名师连读拆解，边对照右侧的语法事实与统计数据笔记。

Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths. §

one of + 名词/代词 其中之一

  • One of your friends is waiting for you now.（of 后面的名词必须是复数，但与这个结构连用的动词必须是单数）
  • He is the only one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths.(the) only one 按单数看，定语从句中出现了 one of 作为先行词, 它后边的关系代词指代的是后面的复数名词
of 可以表人的所有格

believe vt. 相信，认为

believe in 信任，信赖（人格、力量等）；信仰
  • I believe in God. 我信仰上帝。（相信…的存在）
  • I’ve never believed in John.（相信…的价值）

定语从句基础例句解析

  • I like the girl. / The girl has big eyes. 👉 I like the girl who has big eyes. 我喜欢那个长着大眼睛的女孩。（who 指人，做主语）
  • I like the girl. / The girl’s eyes are very big. 👉 I like the girl whose eyes are very big. 我喜欢那个眼睛很大（...的）的女孩。（whose 表示所属关系）
  • Please pass me the book. / The book’s cover is green. 👉 Please pass me the book whose cover is green. 请把那本封面是绿色的书递给我。（whose 也可修饰物）
  • I don’t like the novel. / You are reading the novel. 👉 I don’t like the novel which you are reading. 我不喜欢你正在读的那本小说。（which 指物，做宾语）
  • That was a fault. / The fault couldn’t be forgiven. 👉 That was a fault which couldn’t be forgiven. 那是不能被原谅的错误。（which 指物，做主语）
  • Who is the man? / You are talking about the man. 👉 Who is the man who/whom you are talking about? ⇒ Who is the man about whom you are talking?
    注意：that / who 之前不能有介词；若介词提前，指人必须用 whom，指物必须用 which。
🎬 《生活大爆炸》经典台词实战：
Howard: You’re not going with us.
Sheldon: Why not?
Raj: You’re the guy we’re trying to get away from. (日常口语，介词在后，省去了关系代词)
Sheldon: Oh. Well, in that case, I don’t need my jacket. And for the record, the correct syntax is ‘I’m the guy from whom you’re trying to get away.’ (谢尔顿的规范语法：介词提前，用 from whom)

He has just bought a new house in the city, but ever since he moved in, he has had trouble with cars and their owners.

ever since = since 从那以后一直（ever since 的语气比 since 强，主句一般用完成时）

  • I’ve been interested in flying ever since I was a boy.
  • He left the village last year and has never returned ever since.
even since 甚至一直（even 起强调）
  • Don't ever try it. Not even once.不要去尝试，即使是一次也不行。
  • The world has changed, even since 2005.世界已经变了，从2005年开始。

have trouble with sb. 和某人相处有麻烦

  • I have trouble with my roommate. 我和我的室友有矛盾。
have trouble doing 做…有麻烦
The Cats will have trouble living in the wild. 猫在野外生活很困难。

Because of this, he has not been able to get his own car into his garage even once.

because of 由于(后面不可以跟从句，只能跟名词、代词或动词 “-ing”)

  • He came back early because of the rain.
  • Men always remember love because of romance only. Marlboro 香烟
because 作连词用，后面接从句，如果要接其它词需要与介词搭配 You can’t remember his name, because you aren’t really thinking.
because of … 因为，由于（通用，可句首/句末） He stayed at home because of the heavy rain. 因为大雨，他待在了家里。
by reason of… 由于（偏正式/法律用语） He was excused by reason of illness. 他因病获准免予到场。
owing to … 由于（正式，多放句首） Owing to bad weather, the match was put off. 由于天气恶劣，比赛推迟了。
on account of … 因为，由于（偏书面） She retired early on account of poor health. 她因身体不好提前退休。
due to … 由于；归因于（可作表语/状语） His success is due to hard work. 他的成功归功于努力。
thanks to … 多亏，幸亏（多含褒义） Thanks to your help, I finished on time. 多亏你的帮助，我按时完成了。

be able to 有能力做

  • She was not able to bear children. 她不能生育。
  • Are animals able to think? 动物会思考吗？
  • You'll be able to win prizes galore. 你将会赢得很多奖品。
can 天生的或学到的能力 只能用于现在时和过去时（could），而不可用于将来时。
will be + able to 将有能力去做 I’ll be able to pass my driving test after I’ve had a few lessons.
is/am/are + able to 现在有能力做 Tom is only 9 months old and he is already able to stand up.
was/were + able to 过去有能力做且做到了 Byrd and his men were able to take a great many photographs ...
be able to 的主语一般都是人, 表示有能力去做；在现在时和过去时中，can/could与 be able to 一般可以互换，但be able to有更灵活的时态。
get sth. into 把…弄进 drive the car into 把车子撞上…
get his car into his garage. I drove the car into the wall / tree.

It is one of the ugliest faces (that) I have ever seen. 关系词做宾语(人/物)可以省略

名词 + (主+谓) = 定语从句省略了关系词

  • It is the most shocking news (that) I have ever heard. 出现最高级，只能用 that
  • He is one of the most talented people (that) I have ever met.
of + 范围 in + 地点
of all the students (of限定最高级范围) He is the tallest in the room.(in 限定最高级范围)

“I have ever seen” 做定语从句, 修饰前边的 faces

主句 关系词 定语从句
This is the most difficult thing that
（如果关系词在从句中做宾语, 关系词可以省略, 所以 I 前的which 被省略）		 I have ever done.
This is the most terrible news I have ever heard.

Jasper hopes that she will turn cars and their owners to stone. 宾语从句

turn sth. to / into… 把前者变成后者

  • turn the prince to a frog. 王子变青蛙
  • He was turned to a frog. 他变成了一只青蛙(被动)
  • They have turned the famous beauty spot to / into an ugly place.他们把那个著名的风景区变成了一个丑陋的地方。

But none of them has been turned to stone yet! 现在完成的被动

none of … 三个以上都不，谓语常用单数

  • None of the answers is right. 所有答案都不对。
   
neither of … 两个都不，谓语常用单数 Neither of the two boys likes football. 两个男孩都不喜欢足球。
both of … 两个都，谓语用复数 Both of them are students. 他们两个都是学生。
all of … 三个以上都，谓语用复数 All of the students passed the exam. 所有学生都通过了考试。
either of … 两个中任何一个，谓语常用单数 Either of the plans is OK. 两个计划任意一个都可以。
each of … 三个以上中任何一个，谓语常用单数 Each of us has a new book. 我们每个人都有一本新书。