新概念英语第一册

Lesson 083&84 Going on holiday 度假

现在完成时
复述本文 (中文提示，助你复述)

当汤姆和卡罗尔正在吃午饭时，萨姆又来到了他们家，但萨姆拒绝和他们一起用餐。他不想吃卡罗尔做的食物，因为他对她的烤牛肉和土豆有着糟糕的记忆。萨姆说他已经十二点半吃过午饭了。卡罗尔给他端来了咖啡，但萨姆说他已经吃过午饭后的那杯咖啡了。当时客厅非常凌乱，因为这对夫妇正在收拾他们的行李箱。卡罗尔解释说他们明天要去度假。汤姆询问了萨姆的假期情况。萨姆回答说他今年已经度过了假期，只是待在家里而已！

Sam came to Tom and Carol's house again while they were having lunch, but Sam refused to join them. He did not want to eat Carol's food because he had a terrible memory of her roast beef and potatoes. Sam said that he had already had lunch at half past twelve. Carol offered him coffee, but Sam said that he had just had a cup after his lunch. At that time, the living room was very untidy because the couple were packing their suitcases. Carol explained that they were going to have a holiday tomorrow. Tom asked about Sam’s holiday. Sam replied that he had already had his holiday this year, and he just stayed at home!
正在加载课件数据...
以上内容通过"课件加载"方式读取的本地浏览器缓存数据，仅当前用户可见。
🎸 课件帮 β 技术支持

点击或将课文对应的 .json 离线文件拖入此处自动渲染。

课件内容仅保存在您的当前浏览器中，清除缓存后自动删除，本站不会存储任何数据。
Lesson 081&82 Roast beef and potatoes
Lesson 085&86 Paris in the spring

本课重点词汇

8 个相关单词

mess *

/ mes / n. 杂乱，凌乱

disorderly

/ dɪsˈɔːdəli / adj. 混乱的

pack *

/ pæk / v. 包装，打包，装箱

pack up

/ pæk ʌp / v. 打包

suitcase

/ ˈsuːtkeɪs / n. 手提箱

leave *

/ liːv / v. 离开

already *

/ ɔːlˈredi / adv. 已经

ready *

/ ˈredi / adj. 准备好的

课文理解 在家度假

更新于:2026-03-24 12:24:11
4

I’ve already had lunch. 现在完成时(强调已经完成了某事)

already adv. 已经(肯定句、疑问句)(通常不会用于否定句中)

  • He has already had a bath. （already通常在 done 前）他已经洗完澡了。
  • I have already had my lesson. 我已经上完课了。
  • Have you already done your homework? 你已经完成作业了吗？
  • Has he already had a swim? 他已经游完泳了吗？
上列句子中，不使用“already”一样的可以表示已经完成（already表强调），某个时间点做某事的全部完成而不是部分完成。

I had lunch at half past twelve. 一般过去时（在某个时间点做过某事）

  • I had a whole pizza to myself. 我独自吃了一整个比萨饼。
  • We had a meal in a restaurant. 我们在餐厅吃了顿饭。
  • You had your chance and you blew it. 你本来有机会，却没有抓住。
  • She had short, wavy brown hair. 她有一头又短又卷的褐发。

Have  a cup of coffee then.

现在完成时 一般过去时
I’ve just had a cup.(刚喝了一杯) I had one after my lunch.(饭后喝了一杯)

just adv. 刚刚（肯定句）（ 通常在 have\has 的后面）

  • He has just had a bath. 后他刚刚洗完澡。
  • I have just had my lesson. 我刚刚上完课。

Aren’t you lucky! （否定疑问句）

  • Are you lucky? 你幸运吗?
  • Aren’t you lucky? 难道你不幸运吗？
  • You are so lucky！你可真幸运啊！

语法知识 现在完成时态

更新于:2026-03-14 11:19:51
7
现在完成时态用来描述过去发生的动作或事件与现在的关联。它通常表示一个过去的行为、经历或状态对现在造成的影响或结果。现在完成时态里的动作是过去发生的，到现在这个时间时，可以全部完成，也可以部分完成。
全部完成（可以转为一般过去时） 部分完成
  • I have watched this movie. (已看过了) → I watched this movie.(过去看过)
  • She has finished her homework.(已完成作业) → She finished her homework. (过去做了作业)
  • She has lived in New York for five years.(现在依然住纽约)
  • She lived in New York for five years. (过去住了5年)

动词与时态的关系

原型 三单(现在时) 过去式(一般过去时) 过去分词(完成时) 现在分词(进行时)
do
(规则)		 does did done doing
一般情况 + s 一般情况 + ed 一般情况 + ing
以辅音字母 + y 结尾,变 y 为 i + es 以辅音字母 + y 结尾,变 y 为 i + ed 以ie结尾，变ie为y + ing
  • 以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾 + es
  • 以辅音 + o 结尾 + es
  • 以字母 e 结尾 + d
  • 辅+元+辅(汉堡包结构),将辅音字母双写+ed
  • 以字母 e 结尾,去掉e + ing
  • 以重读闭音节结尾且最后只有一个辅音字母的动词：双写结尾辅音字母后再加上 -ing

现在完成时态

陈述句 否定句 一般疑问句
主语 + has\have + done have\ has + not have\ has 提前
I have aired the room. You have not aired the room. Have you aired the room?
He has watched the movie. He has not watched the movie. Has he watched the movie?
We have arrived in Beijing. We have not arrived in Beijing. Have we arrived in Beijing?
I have had breakfast. You have not had breakfast. Have you had breakfast?
He has had his holiday. He has not had his holiday. Has he had his holiday?
She has had a haircut. She has not had a haircut. Has she had a haircut?
have/has 这里不会翻译任何的意思出来，在现在完成时里的have/has与一般现在时里的do/does一样是助动词，用于帮助实义动词的过去分词实现现在完成时态的。
所以have/has的用法也和do/does一样。在否定句、疑问里面直接提前或者加not。

单词句型 Have you had...?

更新于:2023-12-11 07:39:50
3
Have you had any fruit.
bananas.
oranges.
peaches.
apples.

可数与不可数名词的代替 §

复数 单数
Have some coffee. I've already had some. Have a banana. I've already had one.
Have some beer. Have an apple.
Have some milk. Have a peach.
Have some cheese. Have a glass of water.
Have some juice. Have a biscuit.

可数名词使用one替换，不可数使用some.

扩展知识 西方的节假日

更新于:2026-03-14 11:21:00
3
  • New Year’s Day 新年
  • Valentine’s Day 情人节（Feb.14th ）
  • Easter Day 复活节 (the first Sunday after the full moon following the spring equinox )
  • April Fool’s Day 愚人节（Apr.1st ）
  • Halloween 万圣节 (Nov. 1st )
  • Thanksgiving Day 感恩节（the last Thursday of Nov.）
  • Christmas Day 圣诞节 (Dec. 25th) 通常不说 Happy而是 Merry Christmas！
每日习语 Adam’s apple 喉结