精讲课 笔记随视频锁定
感悟

右侧笔记支持独立滚动。边听名师连读拆解,边对照右侧的语法事实与统计数据笔记。

A chance in a million 夸张修饰(机会渺茫)

  • I'd love to buy a Rolls-Royce, but it costs an arm and a leg.
  • Everybody was clapping their hands off.
  • I didn't sleep a wink last night.
  • He has a skeleton of a wife.

We are less credulous than we used to be (credulous).

People are not so honest as they once were.
  • We spend more time traveling than we used to (spend).

less + adj. / adv. + than ... 不像...那样

  • This task is less difficult than the previous one. 这个任务比上一个任务不那么难。
  • She arrived less quickly than he did.她到达的速度比他慢。

not so / as + adj. / adv. + as ... 不像...一样

  • This book is not so interesting as the one I read last week.这本书不像我上周读的那本那么有趣。
  • He didn't run as fast as his brother.他的跑步速度不像他兄弟那么快。
  • We are not so / as credulous as we used to be. 替换
He is less introverted than he used to be. 他不像以前那么内向了。
He is not so / as introverted as he used to be.
He speaks English less well than he used to. 他英语说的不如以前好了。
He doesn't speak English so / as well as he used to.

In the nineteenth century, a novelist would bring his story to a conclusion by presenting his readers with a series of coincidences — most of them wildly improbable

would 过去常常 used to do 过去常常
都可以表示过去习惯性的动作 One day in a week he would spend a whole day in silence. 
would 不能用在故事开头 往往在故事开头用 used to do,而后面换为 would do
We used to work in the same office and we would often have coffee together.

bring sth. to a conclusion 使某事结束、完成某事

  • The two countries decided to bring the war to a conclusion. 两国决定结束战争。
  • The team worked hard to bring the project to a conclusion.团队努力工作以使项目结束。
come to a conclusion 得出结论 After much debate, they finally came to a conclusion.经过长时间的讨论,他们终于得出了结论。
arrive at a conclusion 得出结论 The scientists arrived at a conclusion after analyzing the data.科学家们在分析数据后得出了结论。
reach a conclusion 得出结论 The jury reached a conclusion after several hours of deliberation.陪审团经过数小时的商议后达成了结论。
draw a conclusion 得出结论;作结论 Based on the evidence, the detective drew a conclusion.根据证据,侦探得出了结论。

bring sth. to a close / an end  强调的是渐进性的结束,通常涉及到某种逐步的终结。

  • The chairman's speech brought the meeting to a close主席的讲话结束了会议。
  • The negotiations finally brought the conflict to an end谈判最终结束了冲突。
  • The rally was brought to a close / an end by the singing of the national anthem.
..., a novelist would end / close / conclude his story by ... 替换
End 各种情境下的结束 The concert ended with a spectacular fireworks display.
Close 强调有序或正式的结束,常见于仪式、会议等场合 Please close the door when you leave.
Conclude 强调达成结论或结束,常见于讨论、研究、调查等 We concluded our business negotiations with a signed agreement.

bring ... to ... 把前者带到后者的状态

  • It was the war that first brought him to power.
  • So far the US has been unable to bring him to justice.
present sb. with sth. 把某物给予某人 They presented him with a gift for his retirement.他们送给他一份退休礼物。
present sth. to sb. 把某物给予某人 He entered the cell and presented the letter to the aristocrat.

series of 一系列;一连串

  • an unforeseen series of catastrophes 
  • There was a series of delays due to bad weather.由于恶劣天气,出现了一连串的延误。
  • She noticed a train of thought in his argument.她注意到他论点中的一连串思路。
  • The speaker delivered a string of jokes to entertain the audience.演讲者讲了一连串的笑话来取悦观众。
  • There was a chain of events that led to his resignation.一连串的事件导致了他的辞职。
  • The detective found a trail of clues leading to the suspect.侦探找到了一串线索,指向嫌疑人。
  • There was a stream of people leaving the concert hall.有一波人从音乐厅离开。

by coincidence 巧了、碰巧的是

  • My mother is called Anna, and by coincidence my wife's mother is called Anna too.

coincide with sth. 与…一致(两个事碰巧一起发生、一致)

  • My arrival coincided with his departure.
  • If our schedules coincide, we'll go to Shanghai together.

most of them being wildly improbable 独立主格

— most of them were wildly improbable. ×
and / but most of them were wildly improbable.
— most of which were wildly improbable.
造句:The archaeologists found fifteen statues, each of them representing a goddess.考古学家发现了十五尊雕像,每一尊代表着一位女神。

Readers happily accepted the fact that an obscure maidservant was really the hero's mother.

Readers happily accepted   the fact that an obscure maidservant was really the hero's mother.
主 + 谓 所解释的抽象名词 同位语从句

A long-lost brother, who was presumed dead, was really alive all the time and wickedly plotting to bring about the hero's downfall.

plot n.阴谋,密谋 v.密谋,暗中策划

  • a plot to assassinate the President 暗杀总统的阴谋
  • All the imperialist schemes and intrigues are doomed to failure.
  • schemes and intrigues 阴谋诡计
  • scheme v.密谋,策划 n.阴谋,诡计
  • intrigue v. 密谋 n.密谋策划,阴谋
  • conspiracy n.合谋,密谋;阴谋集团
and wickedly plotting to → ... and wickedly scheming / conspiring to... 替换

be presumed dead / innocent ... 被推定为死亡/无辜…

  • Their nephew was missing, presumed dead.
  • In English law, an accused man is presumed innocent until he is proved guilty.
  • After days of searching, he was presumed dead.经过几天的搜索,他被推定为已故。
  • In legal proceedings, the defendant is presumed innocent until proven guilty. 在法律程序中,被告被推定为无罪,直到被证明有罪。

alive adj.活着的;仍然存在的(以a开头的形容词,通常只能做表语、补语)

living adj.活着的,活的;在使用的(可做定语修饰名词)

live adj.活的,有生命的 / laɪv / 来物
  • experiments on live animals 活体动物试验
  • be transmitted live 现场直播
  • Is the wire live? 电线通电了吗?
  • live audience will pose the questions.  一位现场观众将会提些问题。
v.生存,活着 / lɪv / 立物

downfall n. fall from a position of prosperity or power

  • Greed led to his downfall. 贪婪导致了他的垮台。

downfall n. thing that causes this

  • His vanity was his downfall.他的虚荣心使他堕落。

undoing n.毁灭;取消;毁灭的原因

  • The team's weak defense was their undoing.
  • That proved to be my undoing, for I soon got back to my old bad habit of dozing off in front of the screen. NCE3-50

And so on如此等等、诸如此类

  • and so forth
  • and the like
  • and what not
  • etc. (et cetera)

Modern readers would find such naive solutions totally unacceptable.

improbableincredibleunbelievable → unacceptable 发展进程

Modern readers would find such naive solutions totally unacceptable / improbable / incredible / unbelievable / inconceivable / unconvincing / preposterous.
  • Chinese students would find such easy examinations totally incredible. 中国学生会觉得这么简单的考试是完全无法相信的。
  • Though the crew were at first under the impression that the lost ship had been found, the contents of the chest proved them wrong. 使用宾补避免使用从句
  • The facts proved their worries unnecessary. 事实证明他们的担心是多余的。
  • The facts proved his accusations totally groundless. 事实证明他的指责毫无根据。
  • If you lived in the Mediterranean, for instance, you would consider octopus a great delicacy.
  • If you lived in the Northeast of China, you would consider skating a great pleasure. 如果你住在中国东北地区,你就会非常喜欢滑冰。
  • She would find such a story totally inconceivable. 她会觉得这样的故事完全不可信。
  • She would find such a claim totally unbelievable.她会觉得这样的说法完全难以置信。
  • They would find such behavior totally improbable.他们会觉得这样的行为完全不能接受。
  • He would find such news totally shocking他会觉得这样的消息完全震惊。

Yet, in real life, circumstances do sometimes conspire to bring about coincidences which anyone but a nineteenth century novelist would find incredible.

in real life 在现实生活中

  • in the real world 在现实世界中

circumstances n.环境,状况

  • Under no circumstances should you approach that man.
  • Due to circumstances beyond our control, ...

conspire to do sth. 两个或以上的人表“合谋”,多件事一块儿促成某事发生(多数为不好的结果)

  • Falling demand and high interest rates have conspired to produce a big drop in profits.

but prep.除了,除…外

  • anyone but a nineteenth century novelist 除了19世纪的小说家以外的其他人
  • He didn't speak anything but Greek.  他除了希腊语之外不会说其他任何语言。
  • Nobody but Robert would do such a thing.
  • Who but a fool would do such a thing?
  • His house is the last but one in the street.
  • Take the next turning but one on your left.

but 后可跟不定式(to) do

前面如果有实义动词,后面的to就可以省略,如果没有就得写上完整的to do.
  • We have nothing to do but wait here. 除了等在这里我们不能做其它事
  • We have no choice but to wait here. 前面没有实义动词(have 在这里翻译不出来意思)
造句:In real life, circumstances do sometimes conspire to bring about a series of catastrophes which anyone but the victims would find incredible. 在现实生活中,有时确实很多情况会凑到一起导致一连串的大灾难,而这些事情除了受害者之外可能谁也不会相信。