Lesson 47 The great escape 【单词列表】

assumption [əˈsʌmpʃən] n. 假定

manoeuvre [məˈnuːvə] v. (驱车)移动

myriad [ˈmiriəd] adj. 无数的

【扩】unnumbered 无数的,数不清的  countless 无数的,数不尽的

* * *

A: There are myriad flies in the sky.

B: Because it's too dirty here.

A:天空中有无数的苍蝇。

B:因为这儿太脏了。

* * *

paradox [ˈpærədɔks] n. 自相矛盾的事

cynic [ˈsinik] n. 愤世嫉俗者

【派】cynical 愤世嫉俗的

* * *

A: Don't behave like a cynic.

B: But there are really many unfair things.

A:你不要表现得那么愤世嫉俗。

B:但确实是有很多不公平的事情啊。

* * *

sociologist [ˌsəusiˈɔlədʒist] n. 社会学家

shun [ʃʌn] v. 避开

* * *

A: He should shun one-sidedness.

B: I think I will remind him.

A:他应避免片面性。

B:我想我会提醒他的。

* * *

affluent [ˈæfluənt] adj. 富有的

【扩】oofy 富有的  wealthy 富有的

* * *

A: He is a very affluent person in our country.

B: But I heard that he is a miser.

A:他在我们国家算是一个很富有的人。

B:但我听说他是个守财奴。

* * *

chamber [ˈtʃeimbə] n. 房间

* * *

A: He must have shown me real loyalty down in the chamber.

B: Why do you think so?

A:他在密室里一定表现出了对我真正的忠诚。

B:你为什么这么认为?

* * *

boo [buː] n. 呸的一声

maitre d'hotel [ˌmetrə-dəuˈtel] n. [法语]总管

snobbery [ˈsnɔbəri] n. 势利

【扩】snobbism 势利

* * *

A: The movie is a satire on social snobbery.

B: The plot must be very interesting.

A:这部电影是描写社会上势利行为的讽刺作品。

B:故事情节肯定很有意思。

* * *

hierarchy [ˈhaiərɑːki] n. 等级制度

entail [inˈteil] v. 使成为必要

【扩】necessitate 使……成为必要

【搭】entail sth. on sb. 限定某人继承某物

【例】Success entails hard work.

   要成功,必须努力工作。

inclement [inˈklemənt] adj. 险恶的

package tour [ˈpækidʒ-tuə] 由旅行社安排一切的一揽子旅游

* * *

A: I prefer a package tour.

B: That's quite easy. We can offer you many choices.

A:我喜欢一揽子旅游。B:这很简单,我们能为您提供很多选择。

insularity [ˌinsjuˈlæriti] n. 偏狭

cater [ˈkeitə] v. 迎合

【搭】cater for 迎合于  cater to... 满足……的需求

* * *

A: A good film should cater to public taste.

B: Yes, but it's very difficult most of the time.

A:一部好电影应该迎合观众的口味。

B:是的,但大部分时候这很难做到。

* * *

exclusively [ikˈskluːsivli] adv. 排他地

cosmopolitan [ˌkɔzməˈpɔlitən] adj. 世界的

preponderance [priˈpɔndərəns] n. 优势

【扩】predomination 优势  dominancy 优势,统治

* * *

A: What's the preponderance of your product?

B: It's much easier to use than other companys'.

A:你们产品的优势是什么?

B:比其他公司的产品更方便使用。

* * *

overwhelming [ˌəuvəˈwelmiŋ] adj. 势不可挡的

patronage [ˈpætrənidʒ] n. 恩惠,惠顾

【搭】under the patronage of 在……保护下

* * *

A: Sincerely welcome your patronage and cooperation.

B: Your service is nice. I think I will come back next time.

A:真诚欢迎您的惠顾和合作。

B:你们的服务态度很好,我想我下次还会来的。

* * *

saucekraut [ˈsauəkraut] n. 泡菜

* * *

A: It seems that you don't like the food.

B: Yes, because there is saucekraut in it.

A:你似乎不喜欢这食物。

B:是的,因为里面有泡菜。

* * *

vie [vai] v. 竞争

【扩】rivalize 竞争

* * *

A: There are a lot of people vying for the postition.

B: Who do you think will get it?

A:很多人在争夺这个职位。

B:你认为谁会得到这个职位?

* * *

municipal [mjuːˈnisipəl] adj. 市政的

itinerant [aiˈtinərənt] n. 巡回者

heath [hiːθ] n. 荒地

【扩】wasteland 荒地

* * *

A: The former heath land has been changed into stretches of fertile fields.

B: Yes, people can do wonders with their hands.

A:昔日的荒地今天成了良田。

B:是的,人们能用双手创造出奇迹。

* * *

alienate [ˈeiliəneit] v. 使疏远

eternal [iˈtəːnəl] adj. 永久的

【派】eternally 永久地

【扩】perpetual 永久的

* * *

A: I can't stand their eternal quarrelling.

B: It affects me, too.

A:我不能忍受他们争吵不休。

B:那也影响到我了。

assumption

🇬🇧/əˈsʌmpʃn/ 🇺🇸/əˈsʌmpʃ(ə)n/
If you make an assumption that something is true or will happen, you accept that it is true or will happen, often without any real proof. 假设

noun [抽象名词] 假定,假设;取得,承担

You would be making an assumption that's not based on any fact that you could report. 你会做出不以你能报道的任何事实为依据的一种假设。

manoeuvre

🇬🇧/məˈnuːvə(r)/ 🇺🇸/məˈnuːvər/
If you manoeuvre something into or out of an awkward position, you skilfully move it there. (熟练地) 移动

noun [抽象名词] 熟练(谨慎)的动作;军事演习;策略,花招;欺诈性操作

The chopper shot upward in a manoeuvre matched by the other pilot. 这架直升飞机向上冲去,另一架飞机也以相同的移动方向冲了上去。

verb [vt. 及物动词] (使谨慎或熟练地)移动;操纵,控制

That will allow them to manoeuvre the satellite into the shuttle's cargo bay. 那将使得他们能把人造卫星移入飞船的货物舱。

myriad

/ˈmɪriəd/
A myriad or myriads of people or things is a very large number or great variety of them. 大量; 各种各样

noun [集合/集体] <文>无数,大量;(多用于古典历史剧中)一万

They face a myriad of problems bringing up children. 他们在抚养孩子上面临着各种问题。

adjective [原级] 无数的,大量的

The magazine has been celebrating pop in all its myriad forms. 该杂志一直在赞美各种形式的流行音乐。

paradox

🇬🇧/ˈpærədɒks/ 🇺🇸/ˈpærədɑːks/
You describe a situation as a paradox when it involves two or more facts or qualities that seem to contradict each other. 自相矛盾

noun [集合/集体] 矛盾的人(或事物、情况);似非而是的隽语,悖论;悖论修辞

The paradox is that the region's most dynamic economies have the most primitive financial systems. 矛盾的是,该地区最具活力的经济体制有着最原始的金融体系。

cynic

/ˈsɪnɪk/
A cynic is someone who believes that people always act selfishly. 人皆自私论者

noun [专属名词] 愤世嫉俗者;悲观者;怀疑者

I have come to be very much of a cynic in these matters. 我在这些事情上已经成了一个颇为愤世嫉俗的人。

adjective [原级] 犬儒学派的;愤世嫉俗的

Yes, I'm both a romantic and a cynic. 是的,我是既浪漫又愤世嫉俗的。

noun [专属名词] (Cynic)犬儒学派的人

In a society filled with cynic he was the only colleague I believed I could rely on. 在这个充满怀疑论者的社会里,他是我唯一认为可以依靠的同事。

sociologist

🇬🇧/ˌsəʊsiˈɒlədʒɪst/ 🇺🇸/ˌsoʊsiˈɑːlədʒɪst/
an expert in or student of the development, structure, and functioning of human society. "historians and sociologists are still split on the matter"

noun [集合/集体] 社会学家,社会关系研究者

Sociologist Erving Goffman describes this as "a kind of dimming of lights". 社会学家欧文·高夫曼将此描述为“光线变暗的一种类型”。

shun

/ʃʌn/
If you shun someone or something, you deliberately avoid them or keep away from them. 有意回避

verb [vt. 及物动词] (故意)避开,躲开

From that time forward everybody shunned him. 从那时起,人人都有意回避他。

noun [专属名词] 【名】 (Shun)(日)春(姓氏)

His friends began to shun him after the scandal. 他的朋友们在丑闻后开始躲着他。

affluent

/ˈæfluənt/
If you are affluent, you have a lot of money. 富裕的

adjective [原级] 富裕的,富足的;<古>(水)畅流,滔滔流动;丰富的

Cigarette smoking used to be more common among affluent people. 吸烟过去在富人中更为普遍。

chambermaid

🇬🇧/ˈtʃeɪmbəmeɪd/ 🇺🇸/ˈtʃeɪmbərmeɪd/
A chambermaid is a woman who cleans the bedrooms in a hotel. 旅馆中打扫卧室的女子

noun [专属名词] 女服务员;家庭女仆

The chambermaid spoke little English, so her husband came with her to interpret. 那个女服务员几乎不会说英语,所以她丈夫来给她作口译。

Maître d'hôtel

/mɛːtʁə dotɛl/
The maître d'hôtel (French for 'master of the house' 总管

noun [专属名词] Maitre D'hotel(餐厅领班)、侍者总管

Every restaurant customer sees the maitre d'hotel captain. 饭店的每位顾客都能看见餐厅的领班。

boo

/buː/
If you boo a speaker or performer, you shout "boo" or make other loud sounds to indicate that you do not like them, their opinions, or their performance. 发出嘘声 (以示不满)

verb [vi. 不及物动词] 发嘘声,喝倒彩

People were booing and throwing things at them. 人们发出嘘声,并朝他们扔东西。

noun [具体名词] 嘘声(表示不满或不赞同时发出的声音),喝倒彩声;任何一点声音 ; <美,非正式>男友或女友;<非正式>任何一点声音

The fans are entitled to their opinion but booing doesn't help anyone. 狂热爱好者们有权表达自己的看法,但发出嘘声对任何人都没有好处。

interjection [厌恶] int. 嘘(表示不满或不赞同);嘿(用于吓唬某人)

She was greeted with boos and hisses. 迎接她的是一片喝倒彩的嘘声。

noun [专属名词] 【名】 (Boo)(美)博(人名)

Please applaud or boo as appropriate, so we can make the next act even better. 请适当地献上您的掌声或嘘声,这样我们才能在下一个节目中表现得更好。

snobbery

🇬🇧/ˈsnɒbəri/ 🇺🇸/ˈsnɑːbəri/
Snobbery is the attitude of a snob. 自命不凡

noun [抽象名词] 势利,虚荣;势利的行为或语言

He had a definite strain of snobbery in him. 他这个人明显有一股势利小人的气味。

hierarchy

🇬🇧/ˈhaɪərɑːki/ 🇺🇸/ˈhaɪərɑːrki/
A hierarchy is a system of organizing people into different ranks or levels of importance, for example in society or in a company. 等级制度

noun [抽象名词] 等级制度;统治集团;等级体系

Like most other American companies with a rigid hierarchy, workers and managers had strictly defined duties. 像大多数其他等级制度森严的美国公司一样,工人和管理人员都有严格界定的职责。

entail

/ɪnˈteɪl/
If one thing entails another, it involves it or causes it. 牵连; 导致

verb [vt. 及物动词] 使必要,需要;<旧>遗赠(财产),限定继承;使人承担

Such a decision would entail a huge political risk in the midst of the presidential campaign. 这样的决定会在总统大选之际导致一个巨大的政治风险。

noun [抽象名词] 限定继承,限嗣继承的财产

What kind of responsibilities does that job entail? 那份工作需要承担什么样的责任?

inclement

/ɪnˈklemənt/
Inclement weather is unpleasantly cold or stormy. 恶劣的; 狂风暴雨的

adjective [原级] 天气恶劣的;气候严酷的;狂风暴雨的;潮湿的;寒冷的

We almost didn't go because of the inclement weather. 由于恶劣的天气,我们差点就没去成。

package tour

🇬🇧/ˈpækidʒ tuə/ 🇺🇸/ˈpækɪdʒ tʊr/
a tour arranged by a travel agent; transportation and food and lodging are all provided at an inclusive price

noun [专属名词] 包价旅游;跟团游

When traveling, I prefer package tour. 出门旅游我比较喜欢跟旅行团。

insularity

🇬🇧/ˌɪnsjuˈlærəti/ 🇺🇸/ˌɪnsəˈlærəti/
the state of being isolated or detached; "the insulation of England was preserved by the English Channel"

noun [抽象名词] (思想、观点等)偏狭,性僵化;岛国性质(或状态);岛屿生活状况,与外界隔绝的生活状况

But at least they have started to break out of their old insularity. 但他们至少已经开始打破以前的保守状态了。

cater

🇬🇧/ˈkeɪtə(r)/ 🇺🇸/ˈkeɪtər/
To cater to a group of people means to provide all the things that they need or want. 满足…需要; 迎合

verb [vt. 及物动词] vi.提供餐饮服务,承办酒席;vt.满足,迎合

We cater to an exclusive clientele. 我们满足一个特殊客户群的需求。

exclusively

/ɪkˈskluːsɪvli/
Exclusively is used to refer to situations or activities that involve only the thing or things mentioned, and nothing else. 排他地; 独占地

adverb [方式副词] 仅仅,单独地,专门地;作为唯一的(消息)来源

Today he was able to focus his message exclusively on the economy. 今天他能够将重点聚焦在经济方面。

cosmopolitan

🇬🇧/ˌkɒzməˈpɒlɪtən/ 🇺🇸/ˌkɑːzməˈpɑːlɪtən/
A cosmopolitan place or society is full of people from many different countries and cultures. 世界性的

adjective [原级] 世界主义的,四海为家的;国际性的,国际化的;见过世面的,见识广的;广布的,遍生的

Someone who is cosmopolitan has had a lot of contact with people and things from many different countries . 见多识广的

noun [抽象名词] 四海为家的人,周游世界的人

She's a real cosmopolitan. 她是个真正的四海为家的人。

preponderance

🇬🇧/prɪˈpɒndərəns/ 🇺🇸/prɪˈpɑːndərəns/
If there is a preponderance of one type of person or thing in a group, there is more of that type than of any other. (数量上的)优势; 多数地位; 主体

noun [抽象名词] 优势;多数;占优势

A second problem is the preponderance of family-controlled firms. 问题之二是家族控制企业盛行。

overwhelmingly

🇬🇧/ˌəʊvəˈwelmɪŋli/ 🇺🇸/ˌoʊvərˈwelmɪŋli/
strongly or completely; in an overwhelming way: The team was overwhelmingly defeated in yesterday's game.

adverb [方式副词] 压倒性地,不可抵抗地

Female economists overwhelmingly disagree by a margin of 4-to-l. 女性经济学家以压倒性的四比一的优势提出反对意见。

patronage

🇬🇧/ˈpætrənɪdʒ/ 🇺🇸/ˈpeɪtrənɪdʒ/
Patronage is the support and money given by someone to a person or a group such as a charity. 赞助

noun [抽象名词] 赞助,资助;(对餐馆、酒店或其他生意的)惠顾,光顾;职位授予权,恩惠给予权;庇护,扶植;恩赐态度;(古罗马)庇护人的权力和职责,庇护人的地位

...government patronage of the arts in Europe. …在欧洲政府对艺术的资助。

Sauerkraut

🇬🇧/ˈsaʊəkraʊt/ 🇺🇸/ˈsaʊərkraʊt/
Sauerkraut is cabbage which has been cut into thin strips and pickled. (德国)泡菜

noun [专属名词] 一种德国泡菜

People in Germany eat their cabbage in sauerkraut form. 而德国人就喜欢吃酸制的大白菜。

vie

/vaɪ/
If one person or thing is vying with another for something, the people or things are competing for it. 竞争

verb [vt. 及物动词] 争夺,激烈竞争

California is vying with other states to capture a piece of the growing communications market. 加州正在与各州竞争,以求在不断扩大的通讯市场上获得份额。

noun [专属名词] (Vie)(法、美、挪)维(人名)

The French say: "C'est la vie." 法国人说道:“这就是生活。”

municipality

/mjuːˌnɪsɪˈpæləti/
A municipality is a city or town that is incorporated and can elect its own government, which is also called a municipality. 自治市

noun [专属名词] 市政当局;自治市

Our municipality is divided into ten districts. 我们这个市,下面设10个区。

itinerant

/aɪˈtɪnərənt/
An itinerant worker travels around a region, working for short periods in different places. 巡游的

adjective [原级] 巡回的;流动的

...the author's experiences as an itinerant musician. ...该作者作巡游音乐家的经历。

noun [专属名词] 巡回者;行商

He is an itinerant entertainer. 他是个江湖艺人。

heath

/hiːθ/
a large open area, usually with sandy soil and scrubby vegetation, esp heather 石楠丛生之地; 通常为沙土的空旷土地,尤指有石楠植被的地方

noun [专属名词] 石南,石南植物;荒野

Women who walked over the "heath" and read morocco-bound books and had two last names divided by a hyphen. 她就像走在“石南丛生的荒野”中,读着用摩洛哥山羊皮装订的书的那些女人,而且有用连字符隔开的两个姓。

adjective [原级] 杜鹃花科木本植物的

This feather was picked up from the heath, the bird was not shot: we saw its nest in the winter, full of little skeletons. 这根毛是从石南丛生的荒地里拾的,这只鸟儿没打中:我们在冬天看见过它的窝的,满是小骨头。

noun [专属名词] (Heath)人名;(柬)夏;(芬)海亚特;(英)希思

He served under Edward Heath in the 1970s. 他曾于20世纪70年代在爱德华•希思手下任职。

alienate

/ˈeɪliəneɪt/
If you alienate someone, you make them become unfriendly or unsympathetic toward you. 冷落

verb [vt. 及物动词] 使疏远,使敌对;使格格不入;转让,让渡(财产或权利)

The government cannot afford to alienate either group. 该政府承担不起冷落两个组织中的任何一个。

eternal

🇬🇧/ɪˈtɜːn(ə)l/ 🇺🇸/ɪˈtɜːrn(ə)l/
Something that is eternal lasts forever. 永恒的

adjective [原级] 永恒的,永存的;似乎无休无止的,没完没了的

He has the upbeat manner of an eternal optimist. 他永远都持乐观主义者的那种快乐态度。the eternal arguments between mother and son