Appreciation of sculpture depends upon the ability to respond to form in three dimensions.

appreciation of ^{欣赏/理解}

• Appreciation of poetry and literature requires sensitivity. ^{欣赏诗歌和文学需要敏感性。}
• To get a full appreciation of what this means, we must turn to recent inventions. ^{要完全理解这意味着什么，我们必须参考最近的发明。}
• Her appreciation of art grew after visiting the gallery. ^{她在参观画廊后对艺术的欣赏增加了。}

That is perhaps why sculpture has been described as the most difficult of all arts; certainly it is more difficult than the arts which involve appreciation of flat forms, shape in only two dimensions.

the most difficult of all arts ⇒ the most difficult art of all ^{替换表达（理解放前与放后有何区别）在所有…之中}

• He is the greatest of all Western stars. ⇒ the greatest Western star of all ^{他是所有西方明星中最伟大的。}
• It was the most valuable of all finds. ⇒ the most valuable find of all ^{这是所有发现中最有价值的。}
• the most difficult of all obstacles ⇒ the most difficult obstacle of all
• the most frightening of all things ⇒ the most frightening thing of all
• the deepest holes of all ⇒ the deepest of all holes

involve (doing) sth. ^{需要（做）某事}

• Community service can involve anything from gardening to helping in old people's homes. ^{社区服务可以包括从园艺到帮助养老院的任何事情。}
• Jane was on a diet which involved eating nothing but fruit. ^{简在节食，只吃水果。}
• The project involves working long hours. ^{这个项目需要长时间工作。}

Many more people are 'form-blind' than colour-blind.

many / far more ^多得多

• Far more people attended the event than expected. ^{参加活动的人比预期多得多。}
• We earned much more money this year than last year. ^{我们今年赚的钱比去年多得多。}

The child learning to see, first distinguishes only two-dimensional shape; it cannot judge distances, depths.

distinguish ^{v.看清，认出；区别，分清}

• She can distinguish between different types of birds. ^{她能区分不同种类的鸟。}
• It’s hard to distinguish the twins apart. ^{很难区分这对双胞胎。}
• Sometimes reality and fantasy are hard to distinguish. ^{有时候现实和幻想很难区分。}

Later, for its personal safety and practical needs, it has to develop (partly by means of touch) the ability to judge roughly 3-dimensonal distances.

judge ^{v.判断，认为；裁判，评判；估计}

• He learned to judge the quality of artwork. ^{他学会了判断艺术品的质量。}
• It’s difficult to judge the depth of the water from here. ^{从这里很难判断水的深度。}
• He was asked to judge a literary competition. ^{他被邀请评判一场文学竞赛。}

But having satisfied the requirements of practical necessity, most people go no further.

go further ^更进一步

• I can offer you 50, but I can't go any further than that. ^{我可以给你50，但我不能再多给了。}
• Whaling in Australia was stopped. But the Australian government went further and proposed a global ban. ^{澳大利亚政府更进一步，提出了全球禁令。}
• She decided to go further in her studies. ^{她决定在学业上更进一步。}

Though they may attain considerable accuracy in the perception of flat form, they do not make the further intellectual and emotional effort needed to comprehend form in its full spatial existence.

spatial ^{adj.relating to the size, shape, and position of things, and the relation of objects to each other in space 空间的}

• Changes in the spatial distribution of the population were noted. ^{人口空间分布的变化被记录下来(changes taking place in the spatial distribution of the population)。}
• The child’s spatial awareness developed over time. ^{孩子的空间意识随着时间发展(the development of a child's spatial awareness )。}
• At the moment, urban landscapes are highly managed and limited in their spatial extent. ^{目前，城市景观被高度管理，空间范围受到限制。}

in existence ^存在

• This is the oldest Hebrew manuscript in existence. ^{这是现存最古老的希伯来手稿。}
• The species is the rarest in existence today. ^{这个物种是当今现存最稀有的。}
• Few documents from that era remain in existence. ^{那个时代的文件很少存留至今。}

intellectual and emotional effort ^{智力和情感上的努力(句中perception和effort都是名词，在中文中都当动词来翻译)}

Though it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us.

• Though people may attain considerable accuracy in the perception of the power of money, most of them do not make the further intellectual and emotional effort needed to comprehend the meaning of life.
  ^{尽管人们可以相当精确地感知金钱的力量，但是他们之中的大多数在智力上和情感上却没有进一步努力去理解人生的意义。}
• Though we may attain considerable accuracy in the measurement of the value of material goods, most of us do not make the further intellectual and emotional effort needed to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us.
  ^{尽管我们可以相当精确地衡量物质商品的价值，但是我们之中多数人在智力和情感上却没有进一步努力去估算人们为我们做的服务的真正价值。}