论述_夸克英语笔记

精讲课笔记随视频锁定

论述

右侧笔记支持独立滚动。边听名师连读拆解，边对照右侧的语法事实与统计数据笔记。

In the early days of the settlement of Australia, enterprising settlers unwisely introduced the European rabbit.

in the early days (of …) ^{在…的早期 (days 时期)}

in the early days of spring / our marriage / the Qing Dynasty …
I'm still in the early days of my recovery and that worries me. ^{我仍处于恢复期的初始阶段，这使我担心。}
Then in 1963, in the early days of the development of the theory of plate tectonics. ^{然后是在1963年，在板块构造理论发展的早期。}
Furthermore, in the early days of longline fishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked. ^{而且早期用延绳钓捕鱼的时候，有许多鱼在上钩后就被鲨鱼吃了。}

in the pioneering days of... ^{在...的创始时期}	In the pioneering days, however, this was not the case at all.
in those days ^{当初、当时}	In those days wandering minstrels were welcome everywhere. In those days, boxers fought with bare fists for prize money.
these days ^{如今(不能加in)}	These days, people who do manual work often receive far more money than people who work in offices.
in one’s youth / childhood / old age ^{在某人年轻/童年/老年的时候}	...a dear old lady who had always been so kind to everybody, had, in her youth, poisoned every one of her five husbands.
somebody's day ^{某人鼎盛时期}	Every dog has his day. Don't be disappointed: your day will come. In his day, Mendoza enjoyed tremendous popularity.
in one’s youth ^{在某人年轻的时候}	In his youth, he was a very promising athlete. ^{在他年轻的时候，他是一位非常有前途的运动员。}
in one’s childhood ^童年时期	She spent most of her time reading books in her childhood. ^{她的童年时期大部分时间都在看书。}
in one’s early years ^小的时候	The musician showed talent in his early years, learning several instruments. ^{这位音乐家在小时候就展现了天赋，学会了好几种乐器。}
in one’s adolescence ^青春期	Changes in social behavior are common in one’s adolescence. ^{社交行为的改变在青春期是很常见的。}
in one’s middle age ^中年	Many people start to think about retirement in their middle age. ^{许多人在中年开始考虑退休。}
in one’s old age ^老年	He devoted his time to gardening in his old age. ^{他在老年时把时间都花在了园艺上。}

unwise / ill-advised / impolitic / folly ^不明智的

It would be unwise to invest all your savings in one company. ^{将你所有的积蓄投资在一家公司是不明智的。}
The decision to sell was very ill-advised.^{非常欠考虑.}
It would be impolitic to criticize the new policy openly.
The purchase of Alaska was once called Seward’s Folly. ^{西沃德的愚蠢行为.}

Seward’s Folly：it refers to the purchase of Alaska from Russia in 1867.

ill-advised ^{没脑筋的；欠考虑的 (adj.)}	The decision to cut staff was both hasty and ill-advised. ^{裁员的决定既仓促又欠考虑。}
impolitic ^{失策的；不明智的 (adj.)}	Making a public statement at this time would be highly impolitic. ^{在这个时候发表公开声明是非常不明智的。}
folly ^{愚蠢；愚蠢的想法/行为 (n.)}	Building a house on the sand dunes was an act of sheer folly. ^{在沙丘上建房子完全是愚蠢的行为。}

This rabbit had no natural enemies in the Antipodes, so that it multiplied with that promiscuous abandon characteristic of rabbits.

natural enemies ^天敌

Porpoises and sharks are natural enemies.
The owl is a natural enemy of the mouse.
Any smell might attract natural enemies that would try to eat the little panda. ^{任何气味都可能引来试图吃掉熊猫宝宝的天敌。}

the Antipodes ^{（特指与欧洲形成对跖地的; 地球相反的位置）澳大拉西亚}

We might visit friends in the Antipodes next year. ^{the + An... 首字母大写特指【澳大利亚】}
New Zealand is almost the antipodes of Spain. ^{对跖地(不大写就是指地球相对的地方)}

do sth. with wild / gay / reckless / promiscuous ... abandon ^{以...放任的方式做某事}

They danced with wild abandon. ^{狂野的放任}
Christmas shoppers are spending money with reckless abandon.^{鲁莽的放任}
The crowd danced with wild abandon when their favorite song came on. ^{当他们最喜欢的歌曲响起时，人群以狂野放任的方式跳舞。}

do sth. with gay abandon ^{以无忧无虑的方式做某事}	Children were playing in the park with gay abandon, oblivious to the world. ^{孩子们在公园里无忧无虑地玩耍，对世事浑然不觉。}
do sth. with reckless abandon ^{以不顾一切的方式做某事}	He spent his entire inheritance with reckless abandon, buying expensive cars. ^{他以不顾一切的方式花光了全部遗产，购买了昂贵的汽车。}

be characteristic of ... / be typical of ... ^{是...的典型特征}

Such bluntness is characteristic of him.^{是他的典型特征}
The creamy richness is characteristic of the cheese from the region.
With optimism characteristic of all industrialized countries, we came to accept that everyone is fit to be educated.

With optimism characteristic of all industrialized countries, we came to accept that everyone is fit to be educated. ^{考研英语（阅读真题）}

be characteristic of … ^{是…的典型特征}	Her kindness and generosity are characteristic of the whole family. ^{她的善良和慷慨是这个家庭的典型特征。}
be typical of … ^{是…的典型特征}	This sort of behavior is typical of a child who feels neglected. ^{这种行为是一个感觉被忽视的孩子的典型特征。}
characterize ^{是...的特征}	Bright colors and bold strokes characterize his early paintings. ^{是他的早期画作的特征}
be characterized by ... ^{具有...的特征}	Sleep is divided into periods of so-called REM sleep, characterized by rapid eye movements and dreaming, and longer periods of non-REM sleep.

It overran a whole continent.

overrun ^{(overran overrun) v. to be present in a place in such large amounts or numbers that it is unpleasant 泛滥，蔓延}

The warehouse was overrun by / with mice.
a mall overrun by / with shoppers ^{做后置定语}
Weeds have overrun the garden.^{杂草在花园里泛滥了}
The small town was overrun by tourists during the summer festival. ^{这个小镇在夏季节日期间被游客占满了。}

overran (v.) ^{泛滥；超出；侵占 (过去时)}	The meeting overran its scheduled time by almost an hour. ^{会议超出预定时间将近一个小时。}
overrun (n.) ^{超支；超限 (n.)}	The construction project suffered a significant budget overrun. ^{这个建设项目遭受了严重的预算超支。}

It caused devastation by burrowing and by devouring the herbage which might have maintained millions of sheep and cattle. ^{定语从句按并列句翻译“而...”}

herbage / pasture ^{牧草 / 牧场}

The cattle grazed on the lush pasture. ^{不能表“牧场”}
Nothing can be compared, he maintains, with the first cockcrow, the twittering of birds at dawn, the sight of the rising sun glinting on the trees and pastures. ^{表“牧场”时可数}

Scientists discovered that this particular variety of rabbit (and apparently no other animal) was susceptible to a fatal virus disease, myxomatosis.

variety / species / genre ^{种类 / 物种 / 类型，体裁}

The fish are not sharks or killer whales, but favourite eating varieties like cod and skate which grow to unnatural sizes, sometimes as much as twelve feet in length. ^{variety 表“种类”时可数}
The lake has more than 20 varieties of fish.

species ^{物种；种类(单复数同形)}	Pandas are an endangered species. ^{大熊猫是一种濒危物种。}
genre ^{类型；体裁(源自法语)}	a musical / literary genre^文学体裁
of a ... nature ^{某种类型的（后置定语）}	treaties of a political nature ^{政治性的条约} questions of an academic nature ^{学术性的问题}

be susceptible to ... ^{易受...感染/影响}

Elderly people are more susceptible to the flu.^{更容易感染流感}
The crop is susceptible to pests.^{容易受到害虫的影响}
Forests on white, sandy soil are most susceptible to permanent alteration. ^{白色沙质土壤上的森林最容易发生永久性的变化。}

By infecting animals and letting them loose in the burrows, local epidemics of this disease could be created.

let ... loose / free / release ... / let ... go / liberate / emancipate ^{释放 / 解放}

The kidnappers let him loose on a dark country lane. ^{在一条黑暗的乡村小路上释放了他}
After a stern warning, the teacher decided to let the student go. ^{在严厉警告之后，老师决定放走那个学生。}

Please release me, let me go. For I don't love you anymore. To waste our lives would be a sin. Release me and let me love again.

free … ^{使…自由；释放…}	The judge ordered the police to free the wrongly detained suspect. ^{法官命令警方释放被错误拘留的嫌疑人。}
release … ^{释放；放出…}	The company will release their new product line next month. ^{该公司将在下个月发布他们的新产品线。}
liberate ^{解放 (vt. 可指人或地方)}	Allied armies liberated France from the Nazis. ^{盟军将法国从纳粹手中解放出来。}
emancipate ^{解放 (vt. 宾语是人，尤其指从法律或政治限制中解放)}	Abraham Lincoln worked to emancipate slaves / women in the United States. ^{亚伯拉罕·林肯致力于解放美国的奴隶。}
Emancipation Proclamation ^{《解放奴隶宣言》 (n.)}	The Emancipation Proclamation was a pivotal document in U.S. history. ^{《解放奴隶宣言》是美国历史上一个关键的文件。}

论述

In the early days of the settlement of Australia, enterprising settlers unwisely introduced the European rabbit.

in the early days (of …) 在…的早期 (days 时期)

unwise / ill-advised / impolitic / folly 不明智的

This rabbit had no natural enemies in the Antipodes, so that it multiplied with that promiscuous abandon characteristic of rabbits.

natural enemies 天敌

the Antipodes （特指与欧洲形成对跖地的; 地球相反的位置）澳大拉西亚

do sth. with wild / gay / reckless / promiscuous ... abandon 以...放任的方式做某事

be characteristic of ... / be typical of ... 是...的典型特征

It overran a whole continent.

overrun (overran overrun) v. to be present in a place in such large amounts or numbers that it is unpleasant 泛滥，蔓延

It caused devastation by burrowing and by devouring the herbage which might have maintained millions of sheep and cattle. 定语从句按并列句翻译“而...”

herbage / pasture 牧草 / 牧场

Scientists discovered that this particular variety of rabbit (and apparently no other animal) was susceptible to a fatal virus disease, myxomatosis.

variety / species / genre 种类 / 物种 / 类型，体裁

be susceptible to ... 易受...感染/影响

By infecting animals and letting them loose in the burrows, local epidemics of this disease could be created.

let ... loose / free / release ... / let ... go / liberate / emancipate 释放 / 解放

in the early days (of …) ^{在…的早期 (days 时期)}

unwise / ill-advised / impolitic / folly ^不明智的

natural enemies ^天敌

the Antipodes ^{（特指与欧洲形成对跖地的; 地球相反的位置）澳大拉西亚}

do sth. with wild / gay / reckless / promiscuous ... abandon ^{以...放任的方式做某事}

be characteristic of ... / be typical of ... ^{是...的典型特征}

overrun ^{(overran overrun) v. to be present in a place in such large amounts or numbers that it is unpleasant 泛滥，蔓延}

It caused devastation by burrowing and by devouring the herbage which might have maintained millions of sheep and cattle. ^{定语从句按并列句翻译“而...”}

herbage / pasture ^{牧草 / 牧场}

variety / species / genre ^{种类 / 物种 / 类型，体裁}

be susceptible to ... ^{易受...感染/影响}

let ... loose / free / release ... / let ... go / liberate / emancipate ^{释放 / 解放}