One night, however, our vicar woke up with a start : the clock was striking the hours!

wake（up） ^{vi&vt.醒了；唤醒...}

• The doorbell rang loud enough to wake the dead. ^vt.及物

start ^{n.激灵(突然一惊);v.开始}

• She woke from the dream with a start. ^{wake (up) with a start 惊醒了}

with + 名词 ^{作状语修饰谓语动词（一般为方式状语）}

首先我们要知道在所有的词性之中，名词往往是最正式的、最庄严^{(副词是无法与之相比的)}，更合适于在写作中书面语中的使用^{（类似的用法在新概念中会大量出现）}。

• The officer went through the case with great care(Very carefully). ^NCE3-11
• He had spotted a tiny bottle at the bottom of my case and he pounced on it with delight(happily).^NCE3-11
• Then I added with a smile(smilingly).^NCE3-11
• His few material possessions make it possible for him to move from place to place with ease(easily).^NCE3-27
• She faced the difficulty calmly. → She faced the difficulty with calmness.
• I looked at her curiously. → I looked at her with curiosity.
• She spoke to me tenderly. → She spoke to me with tenderness.
• I greeted Philip enthusiastically. → I greeted Philip with enthusiasm.

Looking at his watch, he saw that it was one o'clock, but the bell struck thirteen times before it stopped.

非谓语动词的逻辑主语 ^{非谓语（doing;done;to do）作状语时，一般情况下其隐含的主语应该与主句主语保持一致。}

• Looking at his watch... = When he looked at his watch... ^{非谓语做状语}
• the descriptions given by people...
• Looking at his watch, it was one o'clock. × ^{主语不一致}

before^{的特殊译法}

强调主句的时间比预期的长时，译为"才" It will be a long time before we meet again. ^{要过很长时间我们才能再见面。}
强调主句的时间比预期的短时，译为"就" I hadn't waited long before he came. ^{我没等多久他就来了。}

Armed with a torch, the vicar went up into the clock tower to see what was going on.

go on ^v.发生

• What's going on here? ^{意料之外(出什么事了？)}
• happen 、come up 、 occur 、come about 、take place 、strike 、coincide (with ...) ^{发生（常用于写作替换）}

主动还是被动 ^{（由动词本身搭配所决定的）}

In the torchlight, he caught sight of a figure whom he immediately recognized as Bill Wilkins, our local grocer.

catch sight of ... / catch a glimpse of ... / glimpse ^{一眼看见、瞥见}

• When he began to play a tune, we had our first glimpse of the snake.

a figure ^{人影、轮廓、数字(1~9...)、重要人物}

• A farm worker, who stayed up all night, claimed to have seen a figure cutting corn in the moonlight. ^{NCE3-30 人影}
• One of the most colorful figures in boxing history was Daniel Mendoza, who was born in 1764.^{NCE3-21 重要人物}

recognize ... as ... ^认出

• I recognized her as one of my classmates.