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一个男人对简说:“请给我一本书。”简拿出了一本书,但那不是他想要的。他想要一本红色的书,而不是这本。于是简给他拿来了那本红色的书。男人很高兴,向简道了声谢谢。
A man asks Jane, "Please give me a book." Jane takes one book, but it is wrong. The man wants a red book, not that one. So Jane gets the red book for him. The man is happy and says thank you to Jane.
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You give me a book. § 主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾
简单句里的结构
- She sent me a letter. 她给我寄了一封信。
- I gave him a gift. 我给了他一个礼物。
- She gave me a kiss. 她亲了我一口。
| 主语 | 谓语 | 宾语 § |
|---|---|---|
| 发出者:代词(主格)/名词 | 发出的动作(实义动词/助动词/系动词...) | 承受者:代词(宾格)/名词 |
| I 我 | meet 遇见 | him. 他 |
* This one? 这本吗?
| 代词 one | ||
|---|---|---|
| This one? = This book? | Not that one. = Not that book. | The red one. = The red book. |
当大家都知道谈论的对象是什么的时候,One就可以去指代这个对象。
语言的功能
be + 名词 描述是什么
| 什么 | 是 | 什么(n.) |
|---|---|---|
| This | is | a pen. |
be + 形容词 描述是什么状态
| 什么 | 是 | 什么状态(adj.) |
|---|---|---|
| The pen | is | black. 黑色的 |
| cheap. 便宜的 | ||
| missing. 不见了 |
There be + 名词 + 地点 描述哪里有什么
| 哪里 | 有 | 什么(n.) | 准确位置(prep. + n.) |
|---|---|---|---|
| There | is | a pen | on the floor. |
| are | pens | on the ground. |
be + 地点 描述在什么地方
| 什么 | 在 | 什么地方(prep. + n.) |
|---|---|---|
| The pen | is | on the table. |
| in your bag. | ||
| in the desk. |
be + 形容词 + 名词 对名词进行修饰
| 什么 | 是 | 怎样的(adj.) | 什么(n.) |
|---|---|---|---|
| It | is | a nice | pen. |
| They | are | red | pens. |
which 、what、how、whose、who 特殊疑问词
| 特殊疑问词 + be + 名词 | 特殊疑问词 + 名词 + be + … |
|---|---|
|
|
简单句的五句型结构 §
| 结构 | 句型解析 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 主 + 谓 |
|
|
| 主 + 谓 + 宾 |
|
|
| 主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾 |
|
|
| 主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补 |
|
|
| 主 + 系 + 表 |
|
|
| empty ['empti] 空的 | full [fʊl] 满的 |
|---|---|
|
|
| large [lɑːdʒ] [lɑːrdʒ] 大的(强调面积) | little ['lɪtl] 小的 |
|
|
| sharp [ʃɑːp] 锋利的 | blunt [blʌnt] 钝的 |
|
|
| small [smɔːl] 小的 | big [bɪɡ] 大的(体积) |
| Small world…世界真小,又见面了。 | the big world 大世界 |
| 单词 | 发音 | 中文翻译 |
|---|---|---|
| box 📦 | [bɒks] | 盒子,箱子 (a small\big box) |
| glass 🥃 | [ɡlɑːs] [ɡlæs] | 玻璃,玻璃杯子 |
| cup ☕ | [kʌp] | 茶杯 |
| bottle 🍾 | ['bɒtl] | 瓶子 |
| tin 🥫 | [tɪn] | 罐头瓶,易拉罐 |
| knife 🔪 | [naɪf] | 刀子 |
| fork 🍴 | [fɔːk] | 叉子 |
| spoon 🥄 | [spuːn] | 勺子 |
| chopsticks 🥢 | ['tʃɒpstɪks] | 筷子 |
In China, people eat with bowls and chopsticks, which are perfect for picking up rice and vegetables. In Western countries, people eat with knives and forks, which are useful for cutting meat and eating different courses. In India, many people eat with their hands, which allows them to feel the texture of the food and mix flavors together.
- 中国: bowls and chopsticks 碗 + 筷
- 西方: knives and forks 刀 + 叉
- 印度: Hands 手抓
| 组合 | 音标 | 示例 |
|---|---|---|
| ow | \ aʊ \ | now,how,cow,allow |
| ou | house,blouse | |
| oy | \ ɔɪ \ |
Toy,Boy,Joy,Oyster |
| oi | oil,coin,moist | |
| ear | \ ɪə \ \ ɪr \ |
dear,near,fear,hear |
| eer | deer,beer,steer,jeer |
例外:early, earth, earn
练习题
-
Is this Nicola's coat? No. it's not. coat is grey. 填空题
-
Are these your pens? No. they're not. pens are blue. 填空题
-
Is this Mr.Jackson's hat? No, it's not. hat is black. 填空题
-
Are these the children's books? No, they're not. books are red. 填空题
-
Is this Helen's dog? No.it's not. dog is brown and white. 填空题
-
Is this your father's tie? No. it's not. tie is orange. 填空题