excuse [iksˈkjuːz] v. 原谅
【词】来自拉丁语excusare
【扩】forgive 原谅 overlook 宽恕，宽容
【搭】excuse sb. for sth. 因……而原谅某人
* * *
A: Excuse me, is this seat taken?
B: Yes, it's for my friend.
A：对不起，请问这座位有人吗？
B：是的，这是我朋友的座位。
* * *
me [miː] pron. 我（宾格）
yes [jes] adv. 是的
【反】no 不是的
【搭】say yes 同意
* * *
A: Are you satisfied with the party?
B: Yes, we had a wonderful time tonight.
A：你对这次的聚会满意吗？
B：是的，我们今晚过得很愉快。
* * *
is [iz] v. be动词现在时第三人称单数
this [ðis] pron. 这
【搭】this time 这次 like this 像这样
* * *
A: Whose kite is this?
B: It is Lucy's.
A：这个风筝是谁的啊？
B：是露西的。
* * *
your [jɔː] possessive adjective. 你的，你们的
【派】yours 你的，你们的
* * *
A: Your skirt is so nice.
B: Thank you for your compliment.
A：你的短裙真好看。
B：谢谢你的夸奖。
* * *
handbag [ˈhændbæɡ] n. （女用）手提包
pardon [ˈpɑːdn] int. 原谅，请再说一遍
【搭】beg one's pardon 请求某人的原谅
* * *
A: Pardon me for not finishing it on time.
B: Can you tell me what happened?
A：请原谅我未能按时完成。
B：能告诉我发生什么事情了吗？
* * *
it [it] pron. 它
thank you [ˈθæŋk-juː] 感谢你（们）
very much [ˈveri-mʌtʃ] 非常地
Lesson 2 Is this your…?这是你的……吗?
pen [pen] n. 钢笔
【扩】penfriend 笔友
【搭】ball pen 圆珠笔 pen name 笔名
* * *
A: Your new pen is so beautiful.
B: Thanks for saying so. It's my birthday present.
A：你的新钢笔真漂亮。
B：谢谢你这么说，这是我的生日礼物。
* * *
pencil [ˈpensl] n. 铅笔
【搭】pencil box 文具盒
* * *
A: The pencil is so short.
B: You can get a new one in that drawer.
A：这支铅笔太短了。
B：你可以在那个抽屉里拿支新的。
* * *
book [buk] n. 书
【派】bookshop 书店 bookshelf 书架 notebook 笔记本 booklet 小册子 textbook 教科书
【搭】yellow book 黄皮书
* * *
A: How many books are there on the desk?
B: I don't know. Let me check it.
A：桌子上有几本书？
B：我不知道，我去看看。
* * *
watch [wɔtʃ] n. 手表
【搭】watch hand 表针 watch chain 表链
* * *
A: How much is this watch?
B: It is only five hundred yuan.
A：这块手表多少钱？
B：只要五百元。
* * *
coat [kəut] n. 上衣，外衣
* * *
A: It's cold outside.
B: Really? Wait a minute and let me take one more coat.
A：外面很冷。
B：是吗？等我一下，我多拿一件外衣。
* * *
dress [dres] n. 连衣裙
* * *
A: I can't decide which dress to choose.
B: The pink one seems to be better.
A：我不知道选哪条连衣裙好。
B：粉红色的那条似乎更好。
* * *
skirt [skəːt] n. 裙子
【派】miniskirt 迷你裙
* * *
A: Your short skirt is inappropriate for a formal party.
B: Then can you give me some suggestions about what to wear?
A：你穿这条短裙去参加正式晚会是不恰当的。
B：那你能给我些建议，告诉我该穿什么吗？
* * *
shirt [ʃəːt] n. 衬衣
【派】T-shirt T恤
* * *
A: This shirt will not wrinkle.
B: Is that the reason that it is so expensive?
A：这件衬衫不会起皱。
B：这就是为什么它那么贵的原因吗？
* * *
car [kɑː] n. 小汽车
【派】minibus 小型公共汽车
【扩】van 面包车 truck 卡车
* * *
A: My car broke down.
B: How did it happen?
A：我的汽车出故障了。
B：是怎么回事？
* * *
house [haus] n. 房子
【派】household 家庭 houseclean 扫除
【扩】building 建筑物 flat 公寓
【搭】keep house 管理家务
the White House 白宫
* * *
A: I'd like to rent a house with a garden.
B: No problem. I think we can help you.
A：我想租一套带花园的房子。
B：没问题，我想我们能够帮你。
noun [抽象名词]借口，托词；正当理由；宽恕，赦免；拙劣样品，蹩脚货 - If you stop making excuses and do it you'll wonder what took you so long.
verb [vt. 及物动词]原谅，宽恕；辩解，开脱；准许…离开；同意免除 - Excuse me, but are you Mr. Honig?
"excuse" 是一种借口或理由，解释为什么某人做或没做某事。
- 解释，辩解：当你需要解释或为某种行为或情况找借口时，可以使用 "excuse"。 例：He tried to excuse his lateness by blaming the traffic. （他试图以交通堵塞为借口来解释自己迟到。）
- 原谅，宽恕：用于请求别人对某个错误、冒犯或过失表示宽容和原谅。 例：Please excuse my mistake. （请原谅我的错误。）
- 免除（罚款、处罚等）：用于请求免除某种惩罚或责任。 例：Can you excuse me from jury duty? （你能免除我参加陪审团的责任吗？）
"excuse" 表示原谅、免除、宽恕，或者是为自己辩解或辩护。
- 借口，原因：表示用来解释或辩解的理由或借口。 例：He always has an excuse for not doing his homework. （他总是找借口不做家庭作业。）
- 准许离开：当你需要临时离开某个地方或活动时，可以寻求别人的准许。 例：May I be excused from the meeting early? （我可以提前离开会议吗？）
pronoun [人称代词]我（宾格） - I had to make important decisions that would affect me for the rest of my life.
noun [专属名词]自我；极端自私的人；自我的一部分 - They spat at me and taunted me.
adverb [方式副词]是，是的 - "You actually wrote it down, didn't you?"—"Yes." “
noun [抽象名词]是（表示肯定） - Yes, there's plenty of room.
verb [连系动词]是（be 的第三人称单数） - Today is Tuesday, so tomorrow is Wednesday.
pronoun [指示代词]这，这个；这样；今，本； - The entire portfolio is worth $160,312. Of this amount, my investment is worth only $7,748.
adjective [原级]这，这个（离说话人较近的） - I like this coat better than that one.
adverb [方式副词]这样地，这么 - "They'd said the wound was only about this big," and he showed me with his fingers. “
pronoun [物主代词]你的，你们的 - I left all of your messages on your desk.
noun [具体名词]手提包 - She whacked him with her handbag.
noun [抽象名词]赦免；宽恕，原谅 - "Will you let me open it?"—"Pardon?"—"Can I open it?" “
verb [vt. 及物动词]赦免；宽恕，原谅；免除（债务）；请原谅（表示礼貌，用于所问或所说的话有可能被认为无礼时） - If someone who has been found guilty of a crime is pardoned, they are officially allowed to go free and are not punished.
interjection [惊讶]int. （用于请求别人重复某事）什么，请再说一遍；对不起，不好意思（发出不雅声音之后的道歉用语）；你说什么？（表示惊讶或者受到冒犯） - Pardon me, are you finished, madam?
pronoun [指示代词]它，这，那（指无生命的东西、动物、植物）；指已提到或将提及的事物、活动、经验、抽象观念等；在不分性别或情况不详时指代；作无人称动词的主语，表示天气、时日、距离、状态、温度等；用于替代通常出现在其后面的名词、短语或从句；用于强调其后的句子成分；用于指某人；用作直接宾语，几乎不具有或完全不具有任何含义；能力，素质 - It sounds a great idea. Go for it !
noun [专属名词]（捉迷藏等儿童游戏中的）捉人者，找人者；意大利苦艾酒，味美思酒 - You use it to refer to a child or baby whose sex you do not know or whose sex is not relevant to what you are saying.
verb [vi. 不及物动词]感谢，向…表示谢意； - When you thank someone for something, you express your gratitude to them for it.
noun [抽象名词]感谢 - When you express your thanks to someone, you express your gratitude to them for something.
interjection [高兴]int. 谢谢（thanks） - I can find my own way home, thank you.
pronoun [人称代词]你；你们 - When I saw you across the room I knew I'd met you before.
| 人称 | 单数 | 复数 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 主格 | Be | 宾格 | 形物 | 名物 | 主格 | Be | 宾格 | 形物 | 名物 | |
| 第一人称 | I | am | me | my | mine | we | are | us | our | ours |
| 第二人称 | you | are | you | your | yours | you | you | your | yours | |
| 第三人称 | she | is | her | her | hers | they (他们) | them(他们) | their(他们的) | theirs(他们的) | |
| he | him | his | his | |||||||
| it | it | its | its | |||||||
| Johns | Johns | Johns' | ||||||||
形容词性物主代词＋名词：my dress、her coat、his tie、our country、their story、your mistake. | ||||||||||
名词性物主代词: This is my shirt → This shirt is mine. Those are their bags → Those bags are theirs. | ||||||||||
adverb [程度副词]很，非常；极其，完全地 - They will be helped by the very latest in navigation aids.
adjective [原级]同一的，恰好的，正是的；（加强名词的语气）仅仅的，唯独的，甚至于； - At one stage his very life was in danger.
adverb [程度副词](接不可数名词)许多;非常；很大程度上；长时间地；多达 - He said that his father never talked much about the war.
pronoun [关系代词]许多；优秀的事物 - You use much to indicate that you are referring to a large amount of a substance or thing.
noun [具体名词]笔，钢笔 - This dratted pen won't work.
verb [vi. 不及物动词]写，撰写；（把……）关起来，圈起来 - I really intended to pen this letter to you early this morning.
noun [具体名词]铅笔；石墨芯，类似石墨芯的东西；化妆笔；笔状物 - I'll get a pencil and paper.
noun [具体名词]书，书籍；本子，簿册；（长篇作品的）篇，卷，部；装订成册之物；赌局，打赌；账册，账簿 - A book of something such as stamps, matches, or tickets is a small number of them fastened together between thin cardboard covers.
verb [vt. 及物动词]预订，预约；（警方）将…记录在案； - When a police officer books someone, he or she officially records their name and the offence that they may be charged with.
| cover 封面 | The book has a beautiful and eye-catching cover. 这本书有一个漂亮且引人注目的封面。 |
|---|---|
| spine 书脊 | The title of the book is printed on the spine. 书名印在书脊上。 |
| pages 书页 | This novel has over 300 pages. 这本小说有三百多页。 |
| dedication 献词 | The author wrote a heartfelt dedication to his family. 作者写了一段真挚的献词给他的家人。 |
| foreword 前言（通常由他人撰写） | The book includes a foreword by a famous scholar. 这本书包含一位著名学者撰写的前言。 |
| preface 序言（通常由作者撰写） | In the preface, the author explains why he wrote the book. 在序言中，作者解释了他写这本书的原因。 |
| acknowledgements 致谢 | She listed all the people who helped her in the acknowledgements section. 她在致谢部分列出了所有帮助过她的人。 |
| introduction 引言 | The introduction provides background information for the reader. 引言为读者提供了背景信息。 |
| chapters 章节 | Each of the chapters explores a different aspect of the topic. 每个章节都探讨了该主题的不同方面。 |
| epilogue 后记 | The epilogue ties up all the loose ends of the story. 后记将故事的所有悬念都解决了。 |
| glossary 词汇表 | You can find definitions of difficult terms in the glossary. 你可以在词汇表中找到难词的定义。 |
| index 索引 | Use the index to quickly locate specific topics in the book. 使用索引快速查找书中的特定主题。 |
| bibliography 参考书目 | The bibliography lists all the sources cited by the author. 参考书目列出了作者引用的所有来源。 |
| appendix 附录 | The research data is presented in the appendix. 研究数据呈现在附录中。 |
| endnotes 尾注 | Detailed explanations are provided in the endnotes at the end of the book. 详细的解释在书末的尾注中提供。 |
| footnotes 脚注 | There are several interesting points made in the footnotes. 脚注中提出了一些有趣的观点。 |
| dust jacket （精装书的）护封 | The artwork on the dust jacket is very appealing. 护封上的艺术作品非常吸引人。 |
| flyleaf 扉页 | There's a blank flyleaf at the beginning of the book. 书的开头有一张空白的扉页。 |
| verso （书页的）左页，反面 | The copyright information is usually printed on the verso of the title page. 版权信息通常印在书名页的反面。 |
| recto （书页的）右页，正面 | The main text often begins on the recto page. 正文通常从右页开始。 |
verb [vt. 及物动词]看，注视；观看（电视节目、比赛等）；关注；照看，守护；当心，留意；监视 - If you watch something on television or an event such as a sports contest, you spend time looking at it, especially when you see it from the beginning to the end.
noun [具体名词]表，手表；观察，监视； 警卫队 - A watch is a small clock that you wear on a strap on your wrist, or on a chain.
(something happening) 观看 (正在发生的事情)，注视，注意看
- Do you have to watch me eating my supper? 你非得看我吃晚饭吗？
- How long have you been watching the race?
noun [具体名词]外套，大衣 - I wondered whose the coat was.
verb [vt. 及物动词]给……涂上，用……覆盖；给……穿外套 - Coat the fish with seasoned flour.
noun [具体名词]连衣裙，套裙 - You can refer to clothes worn by men or women as dress.
verb [vt. 及物动词]穿衣；给…穿衣服；穿正式服装；清洗包扎（伤口） - If you dress someone, for example, a child, you put clothes on them.
noun [具体名词]短裙，半身裙 - How beautiful your skirt is!
verb [vt. 及物动词]环绕…的四周，沿…的边缘走；绕开，回避（话题） - The car skidded and skirted along the icy road.
noun [具体名词]衬衫，恤衫；球衣；<英>运动队队员 - His shirt was covered in blood.
noun [具体名词]汽车，轿车；<美>（火车的）车厢 - He had left his tickets in his car.
noun [专属名词]卡尔（人名） - Is your name Car?
noun [具体名词]房子，住宅；一家人，同住一幢房子的人们 - You can refer to all the people who live together in a house as the house.
verb [vt. 及物动词]让……居住，给……提供住房；给……提供场地，收藏存放；包裹，覆盖；住 - The building is open to the public and houses a museum of motorcycles and cars.
adjective [原级]家养的，常在室内的；公司的，机构的；（乐队，组合）（在俱乐部或别的场所）常驻的，定期表演的 - Tweed ordered a carafe of the house wine.
noun [专属名词]【名】 （House）（英）豪斯（人名） - If House set his alarm clock for midnight, it would wake the whole house.
| housework 家务活 | I spend a lot of time doing housework on weekends. 我周末花很多时间做家务。 |
|---|---|
| housewife 家庭主妇 | My mother is a full-time housewife. 我妈妈是一位全职家庭主妇。 |
| househusband 家庭主夫 | He decided to become a househusband after his wife got a promotion. 他妻子升职后，他决定成为一名家庭主夫。 |
| household 家庭，一户人家 | There are four people in our household. 我们家有四口人。 |
| housewarming party 乔迁派对 | We're having a housewarming party next Saturday. 我们下周六要举办乔迁派对。 |
| house-hunting 找房子 | They've been house-hunting for months. 他们找房子已经好几个月了。 |
| house-sit 代人看管房子 | Could you house-sit for me while I'm on vacation? 我度假期间你能帮我照看房子吗？ |
| houseplant 室内植物 | She has many beautiful houseplants in her living room. 她客厅里有许多漂亮的室内植物。 |
| lighthouse 灯塔 | The lighthouse guides ships safely to shore. 灯塔引导船只安全靠岸。 |
| outhouse 户外厕所，茅厕 | In the past, many rural homes had an outhouse. 过去，许多农村家庭都有茅厕。 |
| townhouse 联排别墅 | They bought a modern townhouse in the city center. 他们在市中心买了一栋现代联排别墅。 |
| doghouse 狗窝 | The dog sleeps in its doghouse in the backyard. 狗睡在后院的狗窝里。 |
| greenhouse 温室 | She grows tomatoes in her greenhouse. 她在温室里种西红柿。 |
| playhouse 儿童游戏屋 | The children love playing in their new playhouse. 孩子们喜欢在新游戏屋里玩耍。 |
| boathouse 船库 | The kayaks are stored in the boathouse. 皮划艇存放在船库里。 |
| schoolhouse 校舍 | The old schoolhouse has been converted into a museum. 那座旧校舍已被改造成博物馆。 |
| custom house 海关 | You need to declare goods at the custom house. 你需要向海关申报物品。 |
| publishing house 出版社 | He works for a well-known publishing house. 他在一家知名出版社工作。 |
| house call 出诊 | The doctor made a house call to the elderly patient. 医生对这位老年病人进行了出诊。 |
| house arrest 居家监禁 | He was placed under house arrest for a year. 他被居家监禁了一年。 |
noun [专属名词]谢谢：用于表示对某人的感激和对某事的满意。 - Thank you very much for sending the photos.
adjective [原级]非常，很：用于强调程度，表示某种情感、行为或特征的强烈程度。 - Sonia, we are reliably informed, loves her family very much.
