There has long been a superstition among mariners that porpoises will save drowning men by pushing them to the surface, or protect them from sharks by surrounding them in defensive formation.

There be + 无灵主语 ^{地道句式(写作仿写：无灵主语 + 同位语从句)}

• There is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied to them by lawyers.
• There has long been a superstition among the Chinese that seeing a magpie will bring you good luck / is a good omen / is an auspicious omen. ^{中国人长久以来迷信看见喜鹊会有好运气。}
• There has long been a superstition among the Chinese that hearing the crowing of a crow is a bad omen / an ill omen / an ominous omen. ^{中国人长久以来迷信听见乌鸦叫是不吉利的(A bad omen 、An ill omen)。}

While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied to them by lawyers. ^{很多记者长期依赖律师提供给他们的解释}

superstition ^{迷信；迷信的观念}

• Many people still hold on to old superstitions about black cats and broken mirrors. ^{许多人仍然相信关于黑猫和破镜子的旧迷信观念。}
• We should try to break down / abolish superstition.^破除迷信.
• The belief that breaking a mirror brings bad luck is an old superstition.
• Some media outlets regrettably foster superstition instead of promoting science. ^{一些媒体遗憾地助长迷信，而不是推广科学。}

A bad omen / An ill omen / An ominous omen ^{不吉利的预兆}

• Seeing a black cat is sometimes considered to be an ill omen.
• The dark clouds were an ominous omen of the coming storm.

Marine Studio biologists have pointed out that, however intelligent they may be, it is probably a mistake to credit dolphins with any motive of life-saving.

studio ^{（广播、电视的）录音室，录像室，演播室，制作室；（音乐）录音棚；电影公司；电影制片厂} 

• Universal Studios ^环球影院
• a studio for rent ^单间出租
• So glad you could come to our studio. ^{很高兴您能来到我们的演播室。}

point out ^{指出，提醒注意(out + that 原因是副词前移 put it out)}

• Franz poured scorn on the idea, pointing out that his brother had been killed in action during the war.
• At this, the police pointed out ironically that this would hardly be necessary as the men were already under arrest.
• He has pointed out that the tree is a useful source of income, as tourists have been coming from all parts of the country to see it.
• After telling several of his friends about the theft, Dimitri found out that his neighbour, Aleko, had suddenly acquired a new lamb. ^{（out是副词found it out）}

in that / but that / except that ^{“介词 + that”例外(看做复合连词)}

• A word processor is much better than a typewriter in that it enables you to enter and text your text more easily.  ^{in that 不能放句首，表原因}
• The film is unique in that it explores the depths of the human psyche. ^{说明主句中现象或观点的具体原因、依据或限定方面（事实或观点成立的特定方面或前提，常用于解释或限定前述的判断或比较。）}
• He had nothing to complain about, except that he had to commute a long distance every day. ^{“除了…之外”，通常在句中表示例外或排除一个事实。}
• The novel was perfect, but that the ending felt a bit rushed.  ^{but that 引导一个从句，指出“完美”的唯一缺陷/例外。}
• But that the weather was too cold, we would have gone swimming. ^{“but that” 和 “except that” 可以用来表达 “要不是；如果不是” 的假设条件，常用于虚拟语气。}
• She might have been fired except that he arrived in time. ^{except that 引导假设条件从句（与过去事实相反），主句用虚拟语气。}

宾语从句内的让步状语从句

• No matter how intelligent they may be, the dolphins cannot reason like humans. ^替换表达
• although / though / even though / while they may be intelligent, … ^替换表达
• Intelligent as they may be, they lack the capacity for complex moral judgment. §

credit sb. with sth. ^{认为某人有某种特征}

• I had credited them with more integrity than they showed. ^{(反话，没想到他们这么不正直)}
• I credited you with a little more sense. ^{(反话，没想到你这么糊涂)}

motive for / behind sth. ^{做某事的动机}

• The police are still investigating the motive for the murder.
• the motive behind the bombing
• Economy is one powerful motive for camping, since after the initial outlay upon equipment, or through hiring it, the total expense can be far less than the cost of hotels. 
• The motive for / behind the bombing is revenge. ^{做某事的动机}
• the motive of revenge ^{复仇这个动机}

主张-反应模式 ^写作技巧

• Claim^{声称 (Superstition among mariners: porpoises save drowning men).}
• Denial^{否认 (Marine Studio biologists: it is probably a mistake to credit dolphins with any motive of life-saving).}
• Reasons for denial^{否认的理由 (后文将提供).}

On the occasions when they have pushed to shore an unconscious human being they have much more likely done it out of curiosity or for sport, as in riding the bow waves of a ship.

on / upon ... occasion ^{某事发生的时刻、场合}

• Mendoza met Humphries in the ring on a later occasion and he lost for a second time.
• It is possible that upon such an occasion a battle ensued, with the sharks being driven away or killed. ^本课
• The whole family gathers together on special occasions like Christmas. ^{全家人在圣诞节这样的特殊时刻/场合聚在一起。}
• On such occasions, a formal dress code is usually required. ^{在这种场合，通常需要正式的着装规范。}
• On rare occasions, the northern lights can be seen from this far south. ^{在罕见的场合，从南部这么远的地方也能看到北极光。}

动词 + 副词 + 宾语^{（宾语后置）}

• … they have pushed an unconscious human being to shore … ^正常语序  ⇒ … they have pushed to shore an unconscious human being … ^{宾语后置/状语前置}
• … we have to lower into the ground and haul out of the ground great lengths of drill pipes which are rotated by an engine at the top and are fitted with a cutting bit at the bottom. ^{（宾语后置）}

His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision. ^{（宾语后置）}
Please download from the website and send to me by email the software of which we are in urgent need. ^{请把我们急需的那个软件从网站上下载下来然后通过e-mail 发送给我。}