Royal espionage

Royal ^{王室；皇家的}

• The ceremony took place at the royal palace. ^王宫
• He joined the Royal Air Force / Navy.
• She was dressed in a royal blue gown. ^高贵的

Alfred the Great acted as his own spy, visiting Danish camps disguised as a minstrel.

Name + the Great ^{历史人名+称谓/外号等（历史人物）}

• Alfred the Great is the only ruler to resist Danish invaders successfully.
• Peter the Great modernized Russia in the 17th century.
• Alexander the Great ruled over a large empire. ^{亚历山大大帝统治着一个大帝国。}
• The scene in question involves Lucius Cornelius Sulla, a brilliant general who was of the generation just before the great Caesar. ^{刚刚提到的场景里有一个卓越的将军苏拉，他是伟大的凯撒大帝的上一辈。}
• Catherine the Great was a patron of the arts and sciences. ^{凯瑟琳大帝是艺术和科学的赞助人。}
• Richard the Lion-hearted was a famous English king.
• George the Fifth was the monarch of the United Kingdom from 1910 until his death in 1936.
• William the Conqueror invaded Britain in A. D. 1066. ^{威廉征服者于公元1066年入侵英国。}
• Jaime Lannister, also known as the Kingslayer, is a knight from House Lannister. ^{《权力的游戏》Game of Thrones}

act as ^{1.（临时）担任某工作；2.当做...来用}

• My brother speaks French—he can act as interpreter. ^{他可以担任口译员}
• This piece of cloth can act as a temporary sail. ^{这块布可以当做临时的船帆来用}

disguise A as B ^{把...装扮成...}

• The king disguised himself as a peasant. ^{国王将自己装扮成一个农民}
• He escaped across the border disguised as a priest. ^{他装扮成牧师逃离了边境}

In those days wandering minstrels were welcome everywhere.

in those days ^{想当初；在那个年代}

• In those days, boxers fought with bare fists for prize money. ^想当初
• In those days we often went to dig for wild vegetables. ^{在那个年代}
• Though in those days, traveling was not as easy as it is today, steam boats carried thousands of visitors across the Channel from Europe.

They were not fighting men, and their harp was their passport. ^暗喻

passport ^{护照，通行证；手段}

• Do you have a valid British passport? ^护照
• A good education can be a passport to success. ^{通行证/手段}
• Patience and hard work are the passport to mastery. ^手段

Metaphor ^{暗喻;没有比喻词(like、as ...)}

1、喻体直陈式 ^{直接陈述喻体是什么}

• College is a comma of a sentence of life.
• She was an angel of a wife.
• Their harp was their passport.

2、喻体全隐式 ^{做比喻、喻体不出现，但读者却知道比喻的喻体是什么；因为往往用动词表现喻体的特征，读者能猜测到是什么}

• As the time and cost of making a chip drop to a few days and a few hundred dollars, engineers may soon be free to let their imaginations soar without being penalized by expensive failures.
• Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed and some few to be chewed and digested.  — Sir Francis Bacon

3、喻体半隐式 ^{喻体是通过动词表现出来的、动词的名词形式就是喻体}

• From every window heads were craning for a view of it. ^{用动词表名词}
• He doesn’t have an idea of his own. He just parrots what other people say. 
• A heavy silence blanketed the room.
• They stormed the speaker with questions．
• I would argue that although it may be a benefit to study classics and be well schooled in diverse disciplines, these pursuits merely refine and hone an ability each and every person has, the ability to study human nature. ^{(GRE Issue Model Assay)}

Alfred had learned many of their ballads in his youth and could vary his programme with acrobatic tricks and simple conjuring.

in one’s youth ^{在某人年轻的时候}

• The heroine, a dear old lady who had always been so kind to everybody, had, in her youth, poisoned every one of her five husbands.
• I live in that solitude which is painful in youth, but delicious in the years of maturity.
• He was a very good football player in his youth.

vary ^{vt.改变；使多样化 To obtain the nutrients you need, vary the foods you eat.} 

• To obtain the nutrients you need, vary the foods you eat. ^{使食物多样化}
• The costs vary depending on the location. ^{费用有所不同}
• The doctor advised her to vary her diet^{使她的饮食多样化}.