精讲课 笔记随视频锁定
讲述经历

右侧笔记支持独立滚动。边听名师连读拆解,边对照右侧的语法事实与统计数据笔记。

a walk through the woods 林中漫步

  • a walk on the road 压马路 (在道路上散步)
  • I want you to have a walk with me. 我想让你眼我去散散步。
  • She's taken the dog for a walk她带着狗去散步了。
stroll v.溜达;闲逛 I pray while I stroll beside the ocean. 我会在海边漫步时祈祷。

I live in an old town. 我住在一个古老的镇上。

live in / on 居住在...

  • We live in a capitalist society. 我们生活在资本主义社会。
  • They live in the end house. 他们住在最后的那座房子。
  • They live on a housing estate. 他们住在一个住宅区里。
  • They live on the east coast. 他们住在东海岸。
live on 延续;依靠 They are still having to live on very low incomes. 他们仍然不得不靠微薄的收入为生。

The town is surrounded by beautiful woods. 这个镇一个美丽的小树林围绕。

主句 关系词 定语从句
I live in an old town which\that is surrounded by beautiful woods.

On Sunday 在周日

On Sundays 每逢周日

  • It was Sunday. I never get up early on Sundays.
  • I go swimming on Mondays我每个星期一都去游泳。
  • Our first lesson on Tuesdays is French. 我们星期二的第一节课是法语。

Hundreds of people come from the city to see our town and to walk through the woods.

Hundreds of people come from the city to see our town and to walk through the woods
主语 谓语 + (前)宾语 不定式(目的状语) 动词短语(后宾语)
to do 这里不可以做谓语了(已经非动词了),To do 是目的(即目的状语)

Visitors have been asked to keep the woods clean and tidy.

have been done  已经被(现在完成时被动语)

  • The company's assets have been frozen.这家公司的资产已被冻结。
  • Parts of the recording have been erased部分录音已被抹掉。
  • The walls have been painted bright yellow. 这些墙壁已被漆成亮黄色。
keep sth. + adj. 保持… keep the classroom clean and tidy. 保持教室干静整洁

Litter baskets have been placed under the trees, but people still throw their rubbish everywhere.

Litter n.公共场所的垃圾(不可数)

  • Another big problem to the National Parks is litter国家公园的另一个大问题是垃圾。
  • In Singapore, people who litter or dirty the street are most likely to be fined. 在新加坡,乱扔垃圾或弄脏街道的人最有可能被罚款。
  • When you go for a run outside, chances are that you'll find litter all around you. 当你出去跑步时,很有可能你会发现身边到处都是垃圾。

rubbish n.无用之物;垃圾,废弃物(不可数)

  • The streets were littered with rubbish街上到处都是垃圾。
  • The rubbish is then carted away for recycling.垃圾接着被运去作回收处理。
  • I kicked a rubbish bin very hard and broke my toe. 我狠狠踢一个垃圾桶,踢破了脚趾头。
Garbage 美式/生活垃圾
  • 基本用法: 主要用于美式英语,特指厨房里的湿垃圾、剩菜剩饭、有机废物(通常会腐烂发臭)。
  • 引申含义: 也可以口语化地指代“废话、烂东西、毫无价值的信息”。
  • Don't forget to take out the garbage before it starts to smell. 别忘了在垃圾开始发臭之前把它倒掉。
  • His whole theory is a load of absolute garbage. 他的整套理论纯粹是一堆废话。
Trash 美式/干垃圾
  • 基本用法: 同样主要用于美式英语,但它和 Garbage 相反,特指干垃圾、无机废物(如废纸、纸盒、塑料瓶等不会腐烂的东西)。
  • 引申含义: 经常用来形容“社会底层、没教养的人”(如 White trash)或者低劣的流行文化。
  • Empty the trash can in the office; it's full of waste paper. 把办公室的垃圾桶倒了,里面全是废纸。
  • I can't believe you watch that reality TV trash. 我真不敢相信你竟然看那种毫无营养的真人秀垃圾节目。
Rubbish 英式/垃圾总称
  • 基本用法: 英式英语(及英联邦国家)中最通用的词,相当于美式英语里的 Garbage 和 Trash 的结合体,干湿垃圾通吃。
  • 引申含义: 在英国非常高频地用于指代“瞎话、胡说八道”或形容某事/某人“很差劲”。
  • Please put your empty bottles in the rubbish bin. 请把你的空瓶子放到垃圾箱里。
  • The movie we watched last night was absolute rubbish. 我们昨晚看的那部电影简直是绝世烂片。
Litter 公共场所随地乱扔的垃圾
  • 基本用法: 特指在公共场所(如街道、公园)被随手乱扔的散落垃圾(如烟头、包装袋、纸屑)。它不仅是名词,还经常作动词表示“乱扔垃圾”。
  • The park was covered in litter after the music festival. 音乐节结束后,公园里满地都是垃圾。
  • People who litter in this city will be heavily fined. 在这个城市乱扔垃圾的人将被处以重罚。
Junk 旧货/破烂/无用杂物
  • 基本用法: 指那些破旧、过时、几乎没有经济价值但还没彻底变成“烂泥”的废旧物品(如破家具、坏电器、旧衣服)。它们通常堆在阁楼、车库或杂物间。
  • 引申含义: 特指垃圾食品(Junk food)或垃圾邮件(Junk mail)。
  • My garage is full of old junk that I need to clear out. 我的车库里堆满了需要清理的旧破烂。
  • Stop eating so much junk food; it's bad for your health. 别吃那么多垃圾食品了,对身体不好。
Waste 废物/废料(偏正式)
  • 基本用法: 这是一个定义很广的正式词汇,指生产、生活或工业过程中剩下的、不想要或没用的副产品(如工业废水、有毒废料)。
  • 引申含义: 强调对资源、时间、金钱的“浪费”。
  • The factory was fined for dumping toxic waste into the river. 该工厂因向河中倾倒有毒废料而被罚款。
  • Buying that expensive gadget was a complete waste of money. 买那个昂贵的玩意儿纯粹是浪费钱。
Debris 残骸/碎片/瓦砾
  • 基本用法: 读音为 /ˈdeɪbriː/(s不发音)。特指由于爆炸、风暴、车祸、拆迁等灾难或破坏后留下的建筑物或物体的残骸、碎片、瓦砾
  • Emergency workers are searching through the debris of the collapsed building. 救援人员正在倒塌建筑物的瓦砾中进行搜寻。
  • Space debris poses a serious threat to satellites. 太空碎片对卫星构成了严重威胁。

What I saw made me very sad. = I saw what made me very sad.

What I saw made me very sad.
主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语

make 名言名句

  • Histories make man wise. 读史使人明智
  • Poems make man witty. 诗歌使人机智。
  • The maths makes man subtle. 数学使人严谨。
  • Natural philosophy makes man deep.自然哲学使人深刻。
  • Moral makes man grave.道德使人庄重。
  • English makes me sad. -> English made me sad.
特殊疑问句 陈述句
What did you hear? What I heard made me very angry. 我所听到的一切,使我很愤怒。
What did he? What he did made me very happy.他所做的一切,使我很开心。
What did he study? What he studied made him very intelligent. 他所学到的一切,使他很智慧。
What did you see? What you saw made me very sad. 你所看到的让我非常难过。

The litter basket was empty and the ground was covered with pieces of paper, cigarette ends,…

The litter basket was empty the ground was covered with pieces of paper, cigarette ends,...
主系表 被覆盖(被动语态) 烟头

I found a sign which said, “... ” 我发现一个牌子,上面写着…

主句 关系词 定语从句(嵌套一个宾语从句)
I found a sign which said, “... ”
I got a postcard said, “ I miss you”.

Anyone who leaves litter in these woods will be prosecuted. 定语从句(主主谓谓)

主语 定语从句 主句
Anyone who leaves litter in these woods will be prosecuted.
任何人 在树林扔垃圾的 将会依法处置