精讲课 笔记随视频锁定
提出论点

右侧笔记支持独立滚动。边听名师连读拆解，边对照右侧的语法事实与统计数据笔记。

Education is one of the key words of our time.

a key word / issue / factor 一个关键词/议题/因素

  • Development is one of the key words of our time. 
  • Freedom of speech is a key word in democratic societies.言论自由是民主社会的一个关键词。
  • "Sustainability" has become a key word in development debates.“可持续性”已成为发展辩论中的一个关键词。
vital adj.极重要的；生命攸关的 Trust is a vital ingredient in any successful relationship. 信任是任何成功关系中至关重要的因素。
crucial adj.至关重要的；关键性的（侧重对结果的影响）
  • The next few weeks will be crucial for the success of the project. 接下来的几周对项目的成功至关重要。
  • We're at a critical time in our history. 
essential adj.必不可少的；本质的 Fresh water is essential for the survival of all living things. 淡水对所有生物的生存都是必不可少的。
critical adj.关键的；严重的；危急的 The patient is in critical condition after the car accident. 车祸后，该病人的情况非常危急。
momentous adj.重大的；关键的
a momentous decision / occasion 重大的决定/时刻
  • The discovery of penicillin was a momentous event in the history of medicine. 青霉素的发现是医学史上的一件大事。
  • Choosing which university to attend is a momentous decision for any student. 选择哪所大学对任何学生来说都是一个重大的决定。
be of paramount importance to … 对……至关重要（首要的）
  • Safety must be of paramount importance to all employees in the factory. 安全对工厂的所有员工来说都必须是至关重要的。
  • Passenger safety is of paramount importance to us.
be uppermost in one’s mind 在某人心中是最重要的 The safety of the passengers is uppermost in the pilot's mind. 乘客的安全在飞行员心中是最重要的。
uppermost in my mind 在我心中最先考虑的
  • Getting this project finished on time is uppermost in my mind. 按时完成这个项目是我目前最首要的任务。
  • Although I’m here in Beijing, my family back in my hometown is always uppermost in my mind.

A man without an education, many of us believe, is an unfortunate victim of adverse circumstances, deprived of one of the greatest twentieth-century opportunities.(A man is a victim. )

deprived of 被剥夺了/缺乏

  • They were deprived of basic human rights.他们被剥夺了基本人权。
  • A man without an education is deprived of one of the greatest opportunities.一个没有受过教育的人被剥夺了最伟大的机会之一。
  • The lack of funding means the program will be deprived of essential resources.资金的缺乏意味着该项目将被剥夺基本资源。
be deprived of sth. 被剥夺了… The war has deprived children of their childhood.战争剥夺了孩子们的童年。
adverse circumstances 不利环境 He succeeded despite the most adverse circumstances.尽管环境非常不利，他还是成功了。
Many of us believe that a man without an education is an unfortunate victim of … 中式英语(重心偏移了)
A man without an education, many of us believe, is an unfortunate victim of … 突出重点与强调点

Convinced of the importance of education, modern states 'invest' in institutions of learning to get back 'interest' in the form of a large group of enlightened young men and women who are potential leaders.

convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事;坚信…/确信…

  • The jury was convinced of his guilt.陪审团确信他有罪。
  • I am convinced of her ability to handle the job.我确信她有能力胜任这份工作。
  • It was difficult to convince him of the truth. 很难让他相信事实真相。
be convinced of … 确信……；深信…… I am convinced of her innocence despite the evidence. 尽管有证据，我仍深信她是清白的。

invest in... 投资于…

  • The company decided to invest heavily in renewable energy.公司决定大力投资于可再生能源。
  • It is a wise decision to invest in renewable energy. 投资可再生能源是一个明智的决定。
invest … in … 把（时间、精力等）投入到……中
  • She invested a lot of time in learning a new language. 她投入了大量时间学习一门新语言。
  • I invested time and energy in learning English. 
invest … with … 赋予（某人或某物）以（权力、特质等）
  • The author invests the main character with great courage. 作者赋予了主角巨大的勇气。
  • His life was invested with a new significance. 
invest sb. with legal rights 赋予某人法律权利

institution n.机构，团体(financial / educational / charitableinstitution)

  • A bank is a financial institution that accepts deposits and makes loans. 银行是吸收存款并发放贷款的金融机构。
  • Harvard University is a world-renowned educational institution. 哈佛大学是世界闻名的教育机构。
  • The charitable institution provides food and shelter for the homeless. 该慈善机构为无家可归者提供食物和住所。
institute 学院；研究院；机构
  • He works as a researcher at the institute of technology. 他在理工学院担任研究员。
  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
the institute for the destitute 救济院 In the past, the institute for the destitute was the last resort for the poor. 过去，救济院是穷人最后的寄托。
agricultural / aviation institute 农业/航空学院 She graduated from a top aviation institute and became a pilot. 她毕业于顶尖的航空学院并成为了一名飞行员。

enlightened adj. free from prejudice, ignorance, superstition, etc. 开明的

  • The company takes an enlightened attitude toward flexible working hours. 公司对灵活的工作时间持开明的态度。
  • The government implemented an enlightened policy to protect minority rights. 政府实施了一项保护少数群体权利的开明政策。
  • His words have enlightened me. 他的一番话使我开了窍。
enlighten 启发；开导；阐明 Could you enlighten me on how this new software works? 你能启发我一下这个新软件是怎么运行的吗？

Education, with its (education) cycles of instruction (being) so carefully worked out, punctuated by textbooks -- those purchasable wells of wisdom - what would civilization be like without its benefits? 无动词分句

work out 制定出，策划出 

  • The committee will meet tomorrow to work out a plan for the fundraiser. 委员会明天将开会为筹款活动制定计划。
  • The fitness coach helped her work out a program to improve her core strength. 健身教练帮她制定了一套增强核心力量的训练计划。

punctuate vt./vi.给文章加标点

  • You should punctuate your sentences correctly to make them easier to read. 你应该正确地为句子加标点，使它们更容易阅读。
  • a speech punctuated by applause
  • After finishing the draft, he spent some time to punctuate the article properly. 写完草稿后，他花了一些时间给文章加好标点。
punctuate vt.强调 He made gestures to punctuate his remarks. 
emphasize / stress … 强调；重视 The teacher used a red pen to emphasize the most important points. 老师用红笔来强调最重要的要点。
lay / put emphasis / stress on … 把重点放在……上；着重于
  • Our company lays great emphasis on customer satisfaction. 我们公司非常重视客户满意度。
  • Schools here lay / put great emphasis on mathematics. 
  • In his speech, he laid / put particular stress on the freedom of the press.
We would lay less stress on 'facts and figures' and more on a good memory, on applied psychology, and on the capacity of a man to get along with his fellow-citizens. 本课

无动词分句 名词或者短语，无谓语动词但发挥句子重要的成分。

If + S. + did / were …, S. + would / should / could / might + do … 虚拟语气（与事实相反）

What would civilization be like if there were not its benefits? 课文补全
  • Without it we could not make a living.  ↔ If we didn’t have it we could not make a living. 
  • There would be no living things without air.  ↔ There would be no living things if there were no air. 
  • In his position, I would commit suicide.  ↔ If I were in his position, I would commit suicide. 
How would civilization be without its benefits? 替换引导词
Education, what would civilization be like without its benefits? 去掉后置定语
  • God Almighty, where are you when the world is racked by war? 在无动分句后通常加一个疑问句以加强语气
Internet technology, with its influence spreading to every corner of the world, punctuated by a wide range of applications, what would our lives be like without its benefits? 影响遍及全球，并且被广泛的应用所强化的因特网技术，如果没有它带来的好处的话，我们的生活将会是什么样子呢？
  • What would life be like without electricity? 没有电，生活会是怎样的？
  • What would the modern world be like without the Internet? 没有互联网，现代世界会是怎样的？