Lesson 16 The modern city 【单词列表】

physiological [ˌfiziəˈlɔdʒikəl] adj. 生理的

【派】physiologically 生理上

【搭】physiological hygiene 生理卫生

* * *

A: These physiological changes will result in a wide range of diseases.

B: Is there anything I can do now?

A:这些生理上的变化会导致一系列的疾病。

B:现在我能做些什么吗?

* * *

maximum [ˈmæksiməm] adj. 最大限度的

consideration [kənˌsidəˈreiʃən] n. 考虑

【扩】ponderation 考虑

【搭】under consideration 在考虑之中

* * *

A: I hope you can take our products into consideration.

B: Can you show me your products?

A:希望你能考虑我们的产品。

B:你能把你们的产品给我展示一下吗?

* * *

descendant [diˈsendənt] n. 子孙,后代

【扩】posterity 后代  offspring 后代

* * *

A: It's said that he is a descendant of Confucius.

B: I think it's only a joke.

A:据说他是孔子的后裔。

B:我想这只不过是个玩笑罢了。

* * *

artificial [ˌɑːtiˈfiʃəl] n. 人工的

【派】artificialize 人工化

【扩】factitious 人为的  factitial 人工的

【搭】artificial lake 人工湖

【例】We want to visit more historic resorts but fewer artificial spots.

   我们也想多参观历史古迹,少看些人造景点。

impose [imˈpəuz] v. 强加

【搭】impose upon 强加于

* * *

A: We cannot impose our will upon other people.

B: Yes, that will make all of us unhappy.

A:我们不能把我们的意志强加于其他人身上。

B:是的,这会让我们大家都不开心。

* * *

dimension [diˈmenʃən] n. 直径

skyscraper [ˈskaiˌskreipə] n. 摩天大厦

tenant [ˈtenənt] n. 租户

【扩】tenement 廉租公寓

* * *

A: I'm relieved to have you to be my tenant.

B: Thanks. I'll take good care of the house.

A:你成为我的租户我很放心。

B:谢谢,我会照看好您的房子的。

* * *

civilized [ˈsivilaizd] adj. 文明的

banal [bəˈnɑːl] adj. 平庸的

【派】banality 平庸

【扩】trite 平凡的  mediocre 平庸的

* * *

A: The restaurant serves banal food.

B: Yes, some of the dishes are even terrible.

A:那家饭馆供给的饭菜全无特色。

B:是的,有的菜甚至还很难吃。

* * *

luxury [ˈlʌkʃəri] n. 豪华

deprive [diˈpraiv] v. 剥夺

【派】deprivation 剥夺

【扩】devest 剥夺(权利、财产、头衔) deplume 剥夺(权利、财产)

【搭】deprive sb. of sth. 剥夺某人某物

【例】Sickness deprived her of the pleasure of dancing.

   疾病剥夺了跳舞所能给她带来的快乐。

monstrous [ˈmɔnstrəs] adj. 畸形的

【搭】a monstrous creature 一种怪异的生物  a monstrous man 身材高大的人

edifice [ˈedifis] n. 大厦

【扩】mansion 大厦  apartment building 公寓大楼

* * *

A: Our company is in that edifice.

B: Which floor is your company on?

A:我们公司在那栋大厦里。

B:你们公司在几楼?

* * *

toxic [ˈtɔksik] adj. 有毒的

【扩】deleterious 有毒的  venomous 有毒的

* * *

A: What did you want to say just now?

B: Be careful when you do the experiment with the toxic chemical.

A:你刚刚想说什么?

B:用有毒的化学药品做实验的时候你要格外小心。

* * *

ceaselessly [ˈsiːslisli] adv. 不停地

throng [θrɔŋ] v. 挤满,拥塞

physiological

🇬🇧/ˌfɪziəˈlɒdʒɪk(ə)l/ 🇺🇸/ˌfɪziəˈlɑːdʒɪk(ə)l/
of or relating to the biological study of physiology; "physiological psychology" "Pavlov's physiological theories"

adjective [原级] 生理的,生理机能的;生理学的

Thinking angry thoughts can provoke strong physiological arousal. 想生气的事情能激起强烈的生理兴奋。

maximum

/ˈmæksɪməm/
You use maximum to describe an amount which is the largest that is possible, allowed, or required. 最大的

adjective [原级] 最大限度的;(数量)极大的,极多的

Under planning law the maximum height for a fence or hedge is 6 feet. 根据规划法,栅栏或树篱的最高高度为6英尺。

noun [抽象名词] 最大量,最大限度

The law provides for a maximum of two years in prison. 法律规定监禁最长两年。

adverb [程度副词] 最多,充其量

We need an extra 6 grams a day maximum. 我们一天最多还需要6克。

consideration

/kənˌsɪdəˈreɪʃ(ə)n/
Consideration is careful thought about something. 仔细考虑

noun [具体名词] 考虑,斟酌;考虑因素;体贴,关心;报酬,酬金;(合同协议中的)对价,约因;<旧>重要(性)

There should be careful consideration about the use of such toxic chemicals. 应有对这些有毒化学品的使用的慎重考虑。

descendant

/dɪˈsendənt/
Someone's descendants are the people in later generations who are related to them. 后代

noun [集合/集体] 后裔,子孙;派生物,衍生物

Something modern which developed from an older thing can be called a descendant of it. 衍生物 They are descendants of the original English and Scottish settlers. 他们是最初的英格兰和苏格兰移民的后裔。

adjective [原级] 下降的;祖传的

These adaptations served their descendant well as they invaded land. 这些适应机制在它们的后代进化成陆生生物时起了很好的协助作用。

artificial

🇬🇧/ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃ(ə)l/ 🇺🇸/ˌɑːrtɪˈfɪʃ(ə)l/
Artificial objects, materials, or processes do not occur naturally and are created by human beings, often using science or technology. 人造的 (物体、材料、工艺等)

adjective [原级] 人造的,人工的;人为的;不真挚的,矫揉造作的

An artificial state or situation exists only because someone has created it, and therefore often seems unnatural or unnecessary. 人为的 (状态、状况) Artificial Intelligence AI

重 点

impose

🇬🇧/ɪmˈpəʊz/ 🇺🇸/ɪmˈpoʊz/
If you impose something on people, you use your authority to force them to accept it. 强制实行

verb [vt. 及物动词] 强制推行,强制实行;把(自己的观点、信仰等)强加于;打扰,麻烦;把(活字页)拼版;欺骗

If you impose your opinions or beliefs on other people, you try and make people accept them as a rule or as a model to copy. 把 (观点、信仰等) 强加于

dimension

🇬🇧/daɪˈmenʃ(ə)n/ 🇺🇸/daɪˈmenʃn; dɪˈmenʃn/
A particular dimension of something is a particular aspect of it. 方面

noun [抽象名词] 大小,尺寸;(空间的)维度;范围,规模;方面,部分

There is a political dimension to the accusations. 这些指控含有政治因素。

verb [vt. 及物动词] 切削(或制作)成特定尺寸;标出尺寸

You will open a new dimension to your life. 你将为你的生活打开一个新的维度。

skyscraper

🇬🇧/ˈskaɪskreɪpə(r)/ 🇺🇸/ˈskaɪskreɪpər/
A skyscraper is a very tall building in a city. 摩天楼

noun [专属名词] 摩天大楼

The skyscraper towers into the clouds. 那幢摩天大楼高耸入云。

tenant

/ˈtenənt/
A tenant is someone who pays rent for the place they live in, or for land or buildings that they use. 租户; 佃户

noun [专属名词] 房客,租户;<法律>业主

Regulations placed clear obligations on the landlord for the benefit of the tenant. 为了租户的利益,条列给房东规定了明确的义务。

verb [vt. 及物动词] (作为租赁者)居住,工作

The decorating was done by a previous tenant. 装修是一位前房客搞的。

noun [专属名词] 【名】 (Tenant)特南(人名)

The rent is a matter for negotiation between the landlord and the tenant. 租金可以由房东和租户协商确定。

civilized

/ˈsɪvəlaɪzd/
If you describe a society as civilized, you mean that it is advanced and has established laws and customs. 文明的

adjective [原级] 文明的,开化的;有法制伦理的,有道德的;有礼貌的,举止得体的;(生活)惬意的,愉快舒适的

I believed that in civilized countries, torture had ended long ago. 我相信在文明国家酷刑早就废止了。

verb [vt. 及物动词] 使文明,使开化;教化,熏陶;改善(civilize 的过去分词)

Without unwritten rules civilized life would be impossible. 没有不成文的规章,就不会有文明生活。

banal

/bəˈnɑːl/
If you describe something as banal, you do not like it because you think it is so ordinary that it is not at all effective or interesting. 平庸乏味的

adjective [原级] 平淡无奇的,平庸的,陈腐的

The text is banal. 这篇文章乏味得很。

noun [专属名词] 【名】 (Banal)(法、意)巴纳尔(人名)

The lyrics of the song are embarrassingly banal. 那首歌的歌词庸俗得让人尴尬。

luxury

/ˈlʌkʃəri/
Luxury is very great comfort, especially among beautiful and expensive surroundings. 奢侈(live in luxury)

noun [抽象名词] 奢华,华贵;奢侈品;不常有的乐趣,难得的享受

A luxury is something expensive which is not necessary but which gives you pleasure. 奢侈品 •  A week by the sea is a luxury they can no longer afford.  去海边一周成了一种奢侈,他们再也负担不起。

adjective [原级] 奢侈的,豪华的

A luxury item is something expensive which is not necessary but which gives you pleasure. 奢侈的 (物品) •  He could not afford luxury food on his pay.  凭他的薪水,他吃不起奢侈的食品。

deprive

/dɪˈpraɪv/
If you deprive someone of something that they want or need, you take it away from them, or you prevent them from having it. 剥夺; 使不能有

verb [vt. 及物动词] 剥夺,使丧失;免去……的职务(尤指圣职)

They've been deprived of the fuel necessary to heat their homes. 他们无法得到住房取暖必需的燃料。

monstrous

🇬🇧/ˈmɒnstrəs/ 🇺🇸/ˈmɑːnstrəs/
If you describe a situation or event as monstrous, you mean that it is extremely shocking or unfair. 骇人听闻的; 极不公正的

adjective [原级] 不公正道德的,残忍的;巨大的,庞大的;丑陋的,骇人的

His monstrous pearl was extremely valuable. 他那颗巨大的珍珠价值连城。

edifice

/ˈedɪfɪs/
An edifice is a large and impressive building. 大厦

noun [专属名词] 大厦;大建筑物

The taxi driver reeled off a list of historic edifices they must not fail to visit. 出租车司机一口气说出了一串他们不应错过参观的历史建筑。

重 点

toxic

🇬🇧/ˈtɒksɪk/ 🇺🇸/ˈtɑːksɪk/
A toxic substance is poisonous. 有毒的

adjective [原级] 有毒的,引起中毒的;令人极不愉快的,极其有害的,恶毒的;中毒的,中毒性的;(财政)(债务)有毒的,风险高的;(证券)有毒的

If a financial asset is described as toxic, it is likely to cause significant loss to the holder. 有毒的(资产)

noun [抽象名词] 有毒物质,毒药(toxics)

In "Toxic II," the hero windsurfs to Japan. 《中毒2》里的男主人公冲浪至日本。

ceaselessly

/ˈsiːsləsli/
continuously and without end. "a former policeman who has campaigned ceaselessly on his daughter's behalf"

adverb [程度副词] 不停地

Art is so multifarious, so ceaselessly changing. 艺术是姿态万千的不停地变化的。

throng

🇬🇧/θrɒŋ/ 🇺🇸/θrɔːŋ/
A throng is a large crowd of people. 一大群人

noun [集合/集体] 一大群,众多

An official pushed through the throng. 一位官员从人群中挤过。

verb [vi. 不及物动词] 蜂拥,群集

The crowds thronged into the stadium. 人群涌进了体育馆。

adjective [原级] <苏格兰,北英格兰>拥挤的

We pushed our way through the throng. 我们挤过人群。