开门见山_夸克英语笔记

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开门见山

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Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor (are spiders) even nearly related to them. ^{注意翻译：蜘蛛并不像很多人认为的那样是昆虫}

Whales are not fish, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them. ^{鲸鱼并不像很多人认为的是鱼，甚至和鱼几乎没有关系。}

as ^正如

As a poet points out, life is but a dream. ^{正如一位诗人指出的那样，人生不过是一场梦。}
Children, as is always the case, love their mother. ^{孩子们通常都爱他们的母亲。}
She became angry, as many could see. ^{她生气了，正如许多人所见。}

非限定性定语从句 ^{补充说明主句内容}

Things can go wrong on a big scale, as a number of people recently discovered.
As the Commanding Officer explained later, one half of the station did not know what the other half was doing.
But this does not matter, for, as he has often remarked, one is never too old to learn.
As is so often pointed out, knowledge is a two-edged weapon. ^{正如经常指出的，知识是一把双刃剑。}
As has been said above, grammar is not a set of dead rules. 如果as引导的非限定性定语从句没有在句首(位于中间或尾部)指代肯定含义的主句（忽略否定词）
She did not open the box, as her friends feared. ^{她没有像她朋友担心那样打开盒子 She did not, as her friends feared, open the box.}

as VS which ^的区别

as 可指代整个主句，强调“正如…所说/所见/常见”，带有 “众所周知” 的语气(从句可出现在句首、句中或句尾)
which 也可指代整个主句，但语气为 “补充说明”，无“正如”之意(从句只能位于主句之后)

as 引导例句 ① ^句首用法	As a poet points out, life is but a dream. ^{正如一位诗人所说，人生不过一场梦。}
as 引导例句 ② ^句中插入	Children, as is always the case, love their mother. ^{正如常见，孩子都爱母亲。}
as 引导例句 ③ ^句尾说明	She became angry, as many could see. ^{她变得生气，正如许多人所见。}
which 引导例句 ① ^补充说明	The sun heats the earth, which makes it possible for plants to grow. ^{太阳加热地球，这使植物得以生长。}
省略结构：as + be + done ^{“as reported”结构}	As (is) reported, a foreign delegation will visit. ^{如报道所说，一个外国代表团将到访。}
省略结构：which + be ^{“which was at large”结构}	A puma (which was) at large was caught. ^{一只在逃的美洲狮被抓住了。}
用法小结 ^{语义与结构总结}	as: 更常用于“众所周知/正如预期/大家都清楚”的背景下，语气强烈 which: 常见于书面语中进行补充、解释、结果说明

nor ^部分倒装

Cuba cannot be conquered,nor (can she be) dominated. ^{nor 引导的并列句省略（倒装时be、情态动词放前面）}
It tires not, nor does it boast of its power. ^{它不会疲倦，也不会夸耀自己的力量（不能省略的，因为不一样）。}
If we glimpse the unutterable, it is unwise to try to utter it, nor should we seek to invest with significance that which we cannot grasp. ^{不能省略的倒装（主谓不同）}

All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days. Nor will it be finished in the first one thousand days; nor in the life of this Administration; nor even perhaps in our lifetime on this planet. But let us begin.
— — John F. Kennedy

One can tell the difference almost at a glance, for a spider always has eight legs and an insect (has) never more than six (legs).

tell the difference = tell sb. / sth. apart ^{分辨，区别}

It's hard to tell the identical twins apart. ^{很难分辨这对双胞胎。}
She can tell the difference between genuine and fake jewelry. ^{她能分辨真假珠宝。}
You should learn to tell the difference between good and bad habits. ^{你应该学会分辨好习惯和坏习惯。}

distinguish between A and B ^区分	He can distinguish between lies and truth. ^{他能区分谎言和真相。}
differentiate A from B ^区分	Can you differentiate right from wrong? ^{你能分辨是非吗？}
discriminate between A and B ^辨别	Children learn to discriminate between acceptable and unacceptable behavior. ^{孩子们学会分辨可接受和不可接受的行为。}

省略结构 ^{并列句省略(重复的内容不引起歧义的情况下)}

Paul likes poetry, and Peter (likes) fiction. ^{Paul喜欢诗歌，Peter喜欢小说。}
Paul likes poetry, and I know that Peter likes fiction. ^{不能省略：因为位置宾语从句内部}
He enjoys swimming, and she (enjoys) diving. ^{他喜欢游泳，她喜欢跳水。}

开门见山

Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor (are spiders) even nearly related to them. 注意翻译：蜘蛛并不像很多人认为的那样是昆虫

as 正如

非限定性定语从句 补充说明主句内容

as VS which 的区别

nor 部分倒装

One can tell the difference almost at a glance, for a spider always has eight legs and an insect (has) never more than six (legs).

tell the difference = tell sb. / sth. apart 分辨，区别

省略结构 并列句省略(重复的内容不引起歧义的情况下)

Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor (are spiders) even nearly related to them. ^{注意翻译：蜘蛛并不像很多人认为的那样是昆虫}

as ^正如

非限定性定语从句 ^{补充说明主句内容}

as VS which ^的区别

nor ^部分倒装

tell the difference = tell sb. / sth. apart ^{分辨，区别}

省略结构 ^{并列句省略(重复的内容不引起歧义的情况下)}