Whether we find a joke funny or not largely depends on where we have been brought up.
Whether 引导从句 表示“是否”时不能用if的几种情况
| 主语从句位于句首时 | It is not clear to me if / whether she likes the present. | |
|---|---|---|
| 引导表语从句时 | The question is whether we have enough money. | |
| 引导同位语从句时 | You have yet to answer my question whether I can count on your help. | |
| 作介词宾语时 | He was worrying about whether he had hurt her feelings. | |
| 引导动词不定式时 | I don't know whether to see my doctor today. | |
| 直接跟or not时 |
|
largely chiefly / to a great extent 很大程度上、主要
- His later years were devoted largely to charitable work. 他晚年主要从事慈善工作。
- Power is largely concentrated in the hands of a small elite. 权力主要集中在少数精英人物的手里。
| 动词 + on | |
|---|---|
| Whether you find a joke funny or not largely rests / relies / rides / hinges / leans on where we have been brought up. 替换 | |
| depend on ... 取决于... | Success depends on how hard you work.成功取决于你多么努力工作。 |
| rest on ... 依赖于,依靠于 | The outcome of the trial rests on the evidence provided.审判的结果取决于提供的证据。 |
| rely on... 依赖、依靠、信任 | You can always rely on her for help.你总是可以依靠她的帮助。 |
| ride on ... 依靠;骑在…上面;取决于 | His future rides on the results of this exam.他的未来取决于这次考试的结果。 |
| hinge on ... 取决于、依赖于(某事物) | The decision hinges on the board's approval.决定取决于董事会的批准。 |
| lean on ... 依靠、倚靠 | During tough times, she would lean on her friends for support.在困难时期,她会依靠朋友的支持。 |
| 形容词 + on | |
| Whether you find a joke funny or not is largely dependent / based / built / founded on where we have been brought up. 替换 | |
| be dependent on ... 依赖于 | The project's success is dependent on timely funding.项目的成功取决于资金是否及时到位。 |
| be based on ... 基于,以…为基础 | The movie is based on a true story.这部电影是根据真实故事改编的。 |
| be built on ... 建立在…基础上 | The company's reputation is built on trust and quality.公司的声誉建立在信任和质量的基础上。 |
| be founded on ... 基于某事物 | The principles are founded on years of research and experience.这些原则建立在多年的研究和经验之上。 |
| 形容词 + By | |
| Whether you find a joke funny or not is largely decided / dictated / determined by where we have been brought up. 替换 | |
| be decided by ... 由…决定 | The winner will be decided by a panel of judges.胜者将由一个评审小组决定。 |
| be dictated by ... 由…决定,受…支配 | The terms of the contract are dictated by the company's policies.合同条款由公司的政策决定。 |
| be determined by ... 由…决定 | The outcome of the election is determined by the voters.选举结果由选民决定。 |
bring up sb. 抚养某人:指照顾、培养某人
- He was brought up by his step-mother.
be brought up to do 从小就
- The sad truth is that most of us have been brought up to eat certain foods and we stick to them all our lives.
- We have been brought up to fear insects. NCE3-54
raise sb. 养人、动物
- My mother was an amazing woman. She raised four of us kids virtually singlehandedly. 我母亲是个了不起的女人。她几乎是独自抚养大了我们4个孩子。
- I didn't know if I could raise a child by myself.我不知道是否能独立抚养一个孩子。
foster / adopt sb. 领养(某人)
- adopted son 养子
- adoptive parents / foster-parents 养父母
The sense of humour is mysteriously bound up with national characteristics.
The sense of humour 幽默感
- the sense of pride 自豪感
- the sense of honor 荣誉感
- the sense of accomplishment 成就感
- the sense of responsibility 责任感
- the sense of superiority 优越感
- the sense of inferiority 自卑感
| be bound up with ... = be closely connected with ... 与…密切相关、紧密相连 | Everyone's future is bound up with the destiny of the Chinese nation. |
|---|---|
| be bound to do ... 必须、注定 | On our road ahead, we are bound to meet with difficulties. |
| be / feel bound to do ... 一定要做… | I felt bound to tell him the truth. |
| be / feel obliged to do ... 有义务、被迫做 | However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given ... |
| bind sb. to do 约束某人做某事 | The Kyoto Protocol binds each country to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases. 《京都议定书》要求各国减少温室气体的排放气体。 |
A Frenchman, for instance, might find it hard to laugh at a Russian joke.
| a Frenchman 名词(单数) | an Englishman |
| the French the + 形容词 = 一类人(复数) | the English / British |
| A Frenchman | , for instance, | might find | it | hard | to laugh at a Russian joke. |
| 主语 | 插入语 | 谓语 | 形式宾语 | 宾补 | 真正宾语 |
- No matter where you live, you would find it difficult not to laugh at, say, Charlie Chaplin's early films.
In the same way, a Russian might fail to see anything amusing in a joke which would make an Englishman laugh to tears.
In the same way 同样地(放句首时加逗号)
- likewise adv.同样地
- similarly adv.相似地;同样
- by the same token 同样地;出于同样原因
laugh to tears 笑出流泪
- be bored to tears / death 无聊透顶
laugh one's head off 大笑不止
... which would make an Englishman laugh his head off. 替换
- clap one's hands off 拍手(热烈鼓掌)
- cry one's eyes out 悲痛欲绝 、泪如雨下
| contrast 对比(对照鲜明、语义明确) | |
|---|---|
| A Frenchman | might find it hard to laugh at a Russian joke. |
| A Russian | might fail to see anything amusing in a joke which would make an Englishman laugh to tears. |
| A mother takes twenty years to make a man of her boy, and another woman makes a fool of him in twenty minutes. | |
| Men always want to be a woman's first love; women have a more subtle instinct: what they like is to be a man's last romance. | |