Greece [ɡriːs] n. 希腊
* * *
A: I have never been to Greece before.
B: Really? You have a chance this time.
A：我以前没有去过希腊。
B：是吗？这次你有机会了。
* * *
climate [ˈklaimit] n. 气候
country [ˈkʌntri] n. 国家
【扩】state 国家
【搭】foreign country 外国
* * *
A: Have you ever played golf in your country?
B: No, but I hear that you have many beautiful courses.
A：你在你们国家曾经打过高尔夫球吗？
B：没有，但我听说你们有许多漂亮的球场。
* * *
pleasant [ˈplezənt] adj. 宜人的
【扩】agreeable 惬意的 cheerful 令人感到愉快的
* * *
A: It's breezy and pleasant today.
B: Yes, let's go out for a picnic, shall we?
A：今天凉风习习，天气宜人。
B：是啊。我们去野炊怎么样？
* * *
weather [ˈweðə] n. 天气
【扩】foggy 有雾的 sunny 晴天的
【搭】under the weather 不舒服
weather forecast 天气预报
weather report 天气预报
* * *
A: How's the weather like there?
B: It's said that it's very cold there.
A：那儿的天气怎么样？
B：据说那儿很冷。
* * *
spring [spriŋ] n. 春天
【派】springhead 源头
【搭】Spring Festival 春节
spring ploughing 春耕
* * *
A: I want to go to the Yellow Mountains this summer vacation.
B: I went to the Yellow Mountains last spring. It's worth seeing.
A：我今年暑假想去黄山。
B：我去年春天去过黄山，很值得一游。
* * *
windy [ˈwindi] adj. 有风的
* * *
A: Is it very cold and windy in winter here?
B: Yes, you said it.
A：这儿冬天寒冷多风吗？
B：是的，你说对了。
* * *
warm [wɔːm] adj. 温暖的
【派】warmhearted 热心的
【搭】warm up 热身
* * *
A: It's really warm today.
B: Yes, it's about eighteen degrees centigrade.
A：今天确实很暖和。
B：是的，今天气温摄氏18度左右。
* * *
rain [rein] v. 下雨
【派】rainy 下雨的 raincoat 雨衣
【搭】rain off 因下雨而取消
* * *
A: It's raining heavily outside.
B: Can you lend me a raincoat?
A：外面雨下得很大。
B：你能借一件雨衣给我吗？
* * *
sometimes [ˈsʌmtaimz] adv. 有时
summer [ˈsʌmə] n. 夏天
【搭】summer holiday 暑假
* * *
A: The best time to tour here is in winter, right?
B: Yes. But in summer, it is also a good place to visit.
A：到这儿来观光的最佳时间应当是冬天了，是吧？
B：是的，可是夏天这儿也是一个很好的去处。
* * *
autumn [ˈɔːtəm] n. 秋天
【扩】fall 秋天
【搭】Mid-autumn Day 中秋节
in autumn 在秋天
* * *
A: My favorite season is autumn.
B: I like autumn most, too.
A：我最喜欢的季节是秋季。
B：我最喜欢的季节也是秋天。
* * *
winter [ˈwintə] n. 冬天
【搭】a hard winter 寒冬
winter holiday 寒假
* * *
A: I admire plum blossoms very much. It seems that only it can blossom in the cold winter.
B: You have a perfect taste!
A：我非常喜欢梅花，好像只有梅花才能在寒冷的冬天怒放。
B：您真有品味。
* * *
snow [snəu] v. 下雪
【派】snowy 多雪的 snowman 雪人 snowball 雪球
【扩】ice 冰
* * *
A: She wonders whether it would snow tonight or not.
B: I didn't hear the weather forecast.
A：她想知道今晚会不会下雪。
B：我没听天气预报。
* * *
January [ˈdʒænjuəri] n. 1月
February [ˈfebruəri] n. 2月
March [mɑːtʃ] n. 3月
* * *
A: March 8th is the International Women's Day.
B: Yes, I don't need to go to work that day.
A: 3月8日是国际劳动妇女节。
B：是的，那天我不用去上班。
* * *
April [ˈeiprəl] n. 4月
【搭】in April 在4月
* * *
A: The application must be handed in before April 3rd.
B: I'll try my best to finish it before then.
A：申请书必须在4月3日以前交上来。
B：我会尽力在之前完成的。
* * *
May [mei] n. 5月
* * *
A: We started the project in late May.
B: When do you think you can finish it?
A：我们是5月底开始这个工程的。
B：你认为你们什么时候能够完成？
* * *
June [dʒuːn] n. 6月
* * *
A: June 19th is Karl's birthday.
B: What would you like to send him as his birthday present?
A: 6月19日是卡尔的生日。
B：你想送什么东西给他当生日礼物？
* * *
July [dʒu(ː)ˈlai] n. 7月
* * *
A: Summer vacation normally starts in early July.
B: Yes, it often lasts two months.
A：暑假一般在7月初开始。
B：是的，一般会持续两个月时间。
* * *
August [ˈɔːɡəst] n. 8月
【搭】on August 3rd 在8月3号
* * *
A: He is going to marry Kelly in August.
B: Where will the wedding be held?
A：他打算8月和凯利结婚。
B：婚礼在哪儿举行？
* * *
September [səpˈtembə] n. 9月
* * *
A: I often go climbing in September.
B: Maybe I can join in next time.
A：我经常在9月份去爬山。
B：也许下次我可以和你一起去。
* * *
October [ɔkˈtəubə] n. 10月
* * *
A: Are you busy with your work this month?
B: Yes, I have put off my holidays until October.
A：这个月你工作忙吗？
B：忙，我已经把我的假期推迟到10月。
* * *
November [nəuˈvembə] n. 11月
* * *
A: Our lease will expire on November 30th of this year.
B: Do you want to renew it?
A：我们的租约今年11月30日到期。
B：你们想续租吗？
* * *
December [diˈsembə] n. 12月
Lesson 52 What nationality are they? 他们是哪国人?
Where do they come from? 他们来自哪个国家?
the U.S. 美国
| Brazil n. 巴西 | Holland n. 荷兰 | England n. 英国 | France n. 法国 | Germany n. 德国 |
| Italy n. 意大利 | Norway n. 挪威 | Russia n. 俄罗斯 | Spain n. 西班牙 | Sweden n. 瑞典 |
noun [专属名词]希腊（欧洲南部国家） - They met while on holiday in Greece.
noun [抽象名词]气候；气候区；氛围，局势 - The economic climate remains uncertain.
| climate 气候 | The climate in this region is generally mild and wet. 这个地区的气候通常温和湿润。 |
|---|---|
| arid 干旱的 | Arid regions often experience very little rainfall. 干旱地区通常降雨量很少。 |
| temperate 温带的，温和的 | Many parts of Europe have a temperate climate with four distinct seasons. 欧洲许多地方属于温带气候，有四个截然分明的季节。 |
| tropical 热带的 | The Amazon rainforest is known for its tropical climate, which is hot and humid all year. 亚马逊雨林以其热带气候而闻名，那里全年炎热潮湿。 |
| polar 极地的 | The polar regions have extremely cold temperatures and long periods of darkness. 极地地区气温极低，且有长时间的黑暗。 |
| mediterranean 地中海气候的 | California has a Mediterranean climate, with hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. 加利福尼亚州属于地中海气候，夏季炎热干燥，冬季温和湿润。 |
| subtropical 亚热带的 | Florida's subtropical climate supports a diverse range of plant life. 佛罗里达州的亚热带气候支持着多样化的植物生命。 |
| monsoon 季风 | India's monsoon season brings heavy rainfall essential for agriculture. 印度的季风季节带来对农业至关重要的强降雨。 |
| atmospheric 大气的 | Scientists study atmospheric conditions to understand climate change. 科学家们研究大气条件以了解气候变化。 |
| humidity 湿度 | High humidity can make warm weather feel even hotter. 高湿度会使温暖的天气感觉更热。 |
| precipitation 降水 | Annual precipitation levels vary greatly across different climate zones. 不同气候带的年降水量差异很大。 |
| drought 干旱 | Prolonged drought can severely impact water supplies and crops. 长期干旱会严重影响水供应和农作物。 |
| global warming 全球变暖 | Global warming is a serious environmental issue affecting the planet's climate. 全球变暖是一个影响地球气候的严重环境问题。 |
| climate change 气候变化 | Climate change is leading to more extreme weather events around the world. 气候变化正在导致世界各地出现更多极端天气事件。 |
| greenhouse effect 温室效应 | The greenhouse effect helps regulate Earth's temperature, but too much can lead to warming. 温室效应有助于调节地球温度，但过量会导致变暖。 |
| ecosystem 生态系统 | Changes in climate can disrupt fragile ecosystems. 气候变化会破坏脆弱的生态系统。 |
| desertification 荒漠化 | Overgrazing and drought contribute to desertification in dry areas. 过度放牧和干旱导致干旱地区的荒漠化。 |
| deforestation 森林砍伐 | Deforestation can accelerate climate change by reducing carbon absorption. 森林砍伐可以通过减少碳吸收来加速气候变化。 |
noun [具体名词]国，国家；全国人民，全体国民（the country）；乡下，乡村；地区，区域；乡村音乐；故乡 - Australia's a big country.
adjective [原级]乡下的，农村的；乡村音乐的；祖国的，故乡的；粗鲁的 - I'm a simple country girl.
- the country 在乡下
- in the city 在城里
- in the village 在 村 里
- in my country 国家
- Which country do you come from?
- He had planned to settle down in the country.
adjective [原级]令人愉快的，惬意的；礼貌而友善的，和蔼可亲的 - Someone who is pleasant is friendly and likeable.
noun [抽象名词]天气，气象；恶劣天气（指寒冷、潮湿等），自然力；气象预报；处境；气候 - The weather was bad.
verb [vt. 及物动词]（受风吹雨打而）（使）褪色，（使）风化；平安度过（困境）；（船）航行到（海角）的上风，安全绕过（海角）；使（板，瓦片）交搭向下倾斜以挡雨；让（鹰）在露天栖息一段时间 - Unpainted wooden furniture weathers to a grey colour.
adjective [原级]露天的；迎风的 - What blooming awful weather!
noun [专属名词]【名】 （Weather）（英）韦瑟（人名） - Weather likes cold weather.
| weather 天气 | The weather in summer is usually hot and sunny. 夏天的天气通常炎热晴朗。 |
|---|---|
| climate 气候 | The climate in this region is mild all year round. 这个地区的气候全年温和。 |
| temperature 温度 | The temperature dropped sharply overnight. 夜间气温骤降。 |
| forecast 预报 | The forecast predicts rain for tomorrow. 天气预报说明天有雨。 |
| sunny 晴朗的 | It's a beautiful sunny day, perfect for a picnic. 这是一个阳光明媚的日子，非常适合野餐。 |
| cloudy 多云的 | The sky turned cloudy in the afternoon. 下午天空变得多云。 |
| rainy 下雨的 | We had a very rainy spring this year. 今年我们度过了一个多雨的春天。 |
| windy 有风的 | It's too windy to fly a kite today. 今天风太大，放不了风筝。 |
| stormy 暴风雨的 | The sea was very stormy, making sailing impossible. 海面非常波涛汹涌，无法航行。 |
| foggy 有雾的 | Driving was difficult due to the foggy conditions. 由于大雾天气，驾驶很困难。 |
| humid 潮湿的 | The air feels very humid before a thunderstorm. 雷雨前空气感觉非常潮湿。 |
| drought 干旱 | The region is experiencing a severe drought. 该地区正在经历一场严重的干旱。 |
| flood 洪水 | Heavy rains caused a devastating flood in the valley. 暴雨导致山谷发生了一场毁灭性的洪水。 |
| thunder 雷声 | We heard the distant thunder before the rain started. 下雨前我们听到了远处的雷声。 |
| lightning 闪电 | A flash of lightning lit up the night sky. 一道闪电照亮了夜空。 |
| hail 冰雹 | The sudden hail damaged many crops. 突如其来的冰雹损坏了许多庄稼。 |
| blizzard 暴风雪 | The city was shut down by a massive blizzard. 这座城市被一场巨大的暴风雪瘫痪了。 |
| hurricane 飓风 | The coastal areas braced for the approaching hurricane. 沿海地区为即将到来的飓风做好了准备。 |
| tornado 龙卷风 | A tornado ripped through the town, causing widespread destruction. 一场龙卷风席卷了小镇，造成了广泛的破坏。 |
| rainbow 彩虹 | After the rain, a beautiful rainbow appeared in the sky. 雨后，一道美丽的彩虹出现在天空中。 |
| breeze 微风 | A gentle breeze cooled us down on the warm evening. 温暖的夜晚，一阵微风使我们凉爽。 |
| downpour 倾盆大雨 | We got caught in a sudden downpour without an umbrella. 我们突然遇到一场倾盆大雨，没有带伞。 |
| drizzle 细雨，毛毛雨 | It was only a light drizzle, so we didn't need umbrellas. 只是一点毛毛雨，所以我们不需要伞。 |
| frost 霜 | There was a heavy frost on the ground this morning. 今天早上地上有厚厚的霜。 |
| sleet 雨夹雪，冰雹（美） | The weather forecast warned of sleet and freezing rain. 天气预报警告有雨夹雪和冰雨。 |
| smog 烟雾 | The city often suffers from heavy smog in winter. 这个城市冬天经常遭受严重的烟雾。 |
noun [抽象名词]春天，春季；泉，泉水；源泉，根源；弹簧，发条；弹性，弹力；跳，跃；活力，朝气；<罕>一群水鸭；朔望潮，大潮（spring tide 的简称）；（船甲板）翘曲，弯曲；（厚木板、圆材的）裂开，裂缝；（航海）倒缆，斜系船缆 - They are planning to move house next spring.
adjective [原级]春天的 - Spring came late this year.
verb [vi. 不及物动词]跳，跃；突然弹开，突然移动；突然出现，涌现；突然启动，突然运转；突然向某人提供（或提出）；<非正式>帮助…逃跑（或越狱），营救；发源于，来自；<美，非正式>付账（尤指请客）；<古>花钱；<澳，非正式>突然发现，撞见（不正当活动或违法者）；惊起（猎鸟），使（猎鸟）从躲藏处飞出；使爆炸；（尤指木料）翘曲，裂开；（船的桅杆或其他部分）翘曲，裂开 - He sprang to his feet, grabbing his keys off the coffee table.
noun [专属名词]【名】 （Spring）（美、瑞、英、加、德）斯普林（人名） - Spring is played solidly throughout the spring.
adjective [原级]多风的，风大的；夸夸其谈的，空话连篇的；<英>胃内气胀的；（道路，河流）蜿蜒的，弯弯曲曲的；<英，非正式>（人）紧张的，忧虑的 - It was windy and Jake felt cold.
adjective [原级]暖和的，温暖的；（衣服或建筑物）保暖的，防寒的；友好的，热情的；暖色调的；（尤指儿童游戏中）快要发现的，即将猜中的；（土壤）吸热快的，保温的；（猎）（气味，踪迹）新鲜的，强烈的；（声音）充满情感的，浑厚饱满的 - It's lovely and warm in here.
verb [vi. 不及物动词]（使）温暖，（使）变暖和；（对某人） 产生好感，（对想法） 开始感兴趣；同情；激动；使…兴奋； （使）变得更友好，变得更可爱；<非正式>打（某人屁股） - It's quite warm at the moment.
noun [抽象名词]暖和的地方（或地区）（the warm）；取暖；厚呢短大衣（British warm的简称） - It was nice and warm yesterday.
adverb [程度副词]温暖地 - Can we go somewhere warm?
noun [专属名词]雨，雨水；（热带地区的）雨季（the rains）；（降雨般的）一阵，（大量的）降落物 - I hope you didn't get soaked standing out in the rain.
verb [vi. 不及物动词]下雨；（使）大量降落，雨点般落下；（使）如雨般地猛击 - It was raining hard, and she didn't have an umbrella.
adverb [频率副词]有时，间或 - During the summer, my skin sometimes gets greasy.
noun [专属名词]夏天，夏季；<文>年，岁；（建筑）大梁；（天文）从夏至到秋分这段时期；全盛期 - I escaped the heatwave in Washington earlier this summer and flew to Maine.
verb [vi. 不及物动词]（在某地）避暑，过夏；夏天放牧（牛） - It's very hot here in summer.
noun [专属名词]【名】 （Summer）（德）祖默，（英）萨默（人名） - I saw him sometime last summer.
noun [专属名词]秋天，秋季；晚年，渐衰期；秋（从秋分到冬至） - Autumn is my favourite season.
adjective [原级]秋天的，秋季的 - I love the reds and golds of autumn.
noun [抽象名词]冬季，（天文）从冬至点到春分点的期间；<文>年，岁 - It had been a wet raw winter.
adjective [原级]冬天的，冬天出现的；用于冬天的；（水果）冬季才成熟的；（麦等）秋季播种来年收获的，越冬的 - Swallows migrate south in winter.
verb [vi. 不及物动词]（在某处）过冬，越冬；使度过冬季 - It had been a hard winter.
noun [具体名词]雪，积雪；降雪，一场雪；下雪天；（因信号差出现在电视屏幕的）“雪花”干扰；似雪的菜肴；似雪的冷冻气体；<非正式>可卡因 - We drove through hail and snow.
verb [vi. 不及物动词]下雪，飘雪；<美，非正式>（用花言巧语）蒙骗，使相信；使洒落；使变白 - It had been snowing all night.
noun [抽象名词]一月 - We always have snow in January.
noun [专属名词]二月 - He joined the Army in February 1943.
verb [vi. 不及物动词]齐步走，行军；快步走；强迫（某人）一起走，押送；游行示威；进行，进展 - The demonstrators then marched through the capital chanting slogans and demanding free elections.
noun [具体名词]三月（March）；示威游行；行进，行军；稳步发展；进行曲 - After a short march, the column entered the village.
① v.（部队）行军，行进
② v.（威风凛凛/从容不迫地）走，迅速地走
- Jane marched out of the room without saying a word.
noun [专属名词]四月 - We went to Japan last April.
verb [情态动词]可能，也许（表示某情况是可能的）；可以（征求同意或表示允许）；可能（表示某情况属实，另一情况也属实）；祝，愿（用于表达愿望）；可以，能够（表明目的）；可以，也许（用于提出礼貌的建议） - You use may to indicate that there is a possibility that something is true, but you cannot be certain.
noun [具体名词]山楂花；五月（May） - May is the fifth month of the year in the Western calendar. 5
noun [专属名词]六月；琼（人名，来源于拉丁语，含义是“年轻气盛的六月”） - He spent two and a half weeks with us in June 1986.
noun [抽象名词]七月 - In July 1969, Neil Armstrong walked on the moon. 1969
adjective [原级]威严的，令人敬畏的 - ...that august body, the United States Senate. …
noun [抽象名词]八月（August） - Grouse shooting begins in August.
noun [专属名词]九月 - We didn't make the original September 30 release date.
noun [专属名词][天] 十月 - The film festival takes place in October.
noun [专属名词]十一月 - She left back in November.
noun [专属名词]十二月 - I keep forgetting it's December.
noun [专属名词]美国 - The craze for roller skating spread throughout the U.S.
noun [专属名词]巴西（拉丁美洲国家） - It is France versus Brazil in the final.
noun [专属名词]荷兰 - Holland and the Republic of Ireland drew one-one.
noun [专属名词]英格兰 - At that time John ruled England.
noun [专属名词]法国；法郎士（姓氏） - The action takes place in France.
noun [专属名词]德国 - Germany hosted the World Cup finals.
noun [专属名词]意大利（欧洲南部国家） - The ship was bound for Italy.
noun [专属名词]挪威（北欧国家名） - Norway had held Holland to a scoreless draw in Rotterdam.
noun [专属名词]俄罗斯 - The play is loosely based on his childhood in Russia.
noun [专属名词]西班牙 - We had a good time in Spain.
noun [专属名词]瑞典（欧洲国家） - In the final game Sweden easily overcame France.
