Lesson 30 Exploring the sea-floor 【单词列表】

navigation [ˌnæviˈɡeiʃən] n. 航海

【扩】sailing 航海

sounding [ˈsaundiŋ] n. 水深度

porcupine [ˈpɔːkjupain] n. 箭猪

dredge [dredʒ] v. 挖掘

【搭】dredge sth. up 旧事重提

expedition [ˌekspiˈdiʃən] n. 远征

physicist [ˈfizisist] n. 物理学家

magnitude [ˈmæɡnitjuːd] n. 很多

topography [təˈpɔɡrəfi] n. 地形

crust [krʌst] n. 地壳

【派】crustal 外壳的

【扩】earth shell 地壳

【搭】earn ong's crust 谋生

rugged [ˈrʌɡid] adj. 崎岖不平的

tableland [ˈteibəl-lænd] n. 高地

【构】table（桌子）＋land（地）＝tableland（高地）

【扩】upland 高地，山地　　highland 高地，山地

sediment [ˈsedimənt] n. 沉淀物

【扩】precipitate 沉淀物

* * *

A: Oh, there is some sediment in the bottom of the bottle.

B: Don't worry. It's pulp.

A：哦，瓶子底部有一些沉淀物。

B：别担心，那是果肉。

* * *

terrace [ˈterəs] n. 阶地

erode [iˈrəud] v. 侵蚀

 

navigation

/ˌnævɪˈɡeɪʃ(ə)n/
You can refer to the movement of ships as navigation. 航行

noun [抽象名词] 导航；航行，航海；航运，水上运输；浏览，访问；领航术，航海术；内河水道（尤指运河）

Pack ice around Iceland was becoming a threat to navigation. 冰岛周围的浮冰一度成为船舶航行的威胁。

navigation

n. 航海；航行

sounding

/ˈsaʊndɪŋ/
The sounding of a bell or a horn is the act of causing it to make a sound. (铃或号的)发声

noun [抽象名词] 水深测量；测得的水深；意见调查，调查结果（常复数）；（铃或号的）发声

There were 15 minutes between the first air raid alert and the sounding of the all-clear signal. 从第一个空袭警报到警报解除号音其间有15分钟。

adjective [原级] 发出声响的；虚夸空洞的，冠冕堂皇的；回响的，回荡的

He needed a sounding board rather than thinking alone. 他需要一个参谋，而不是独自思考。

sounding

n. 音响；试探；测探水深

fathom

/ˈfæðəm/
If you cannot fathom something, you are unable to understand it, although you think carefully about it. 理解

noun [抽象名词] 英寻（测量水深单位，合6英尺或1.8米）

A fathom is a measurement of 6 feet or 1.8 metres, used when referring to the depth of water. 英寻

verb [vt. 及物动词] 深刻理解，彻底弄清（难题或神秘的人）；测量（水）的深度

I really couldn't fathom what Steiner was talking about. 我真的不明白斯坦纳在说什么。

fathom

vt. 看穿；彻底了解；测量 … 的深度

porcupine

🇬🇧/ˈpɔːkjupaɪn/ 🇺🇸/ˈpɔːrkjupaɪn/
A porcupine is an animal with many long, thin, sharp spikes on its back that stick out as protection when it is attacked. 豪猪; 箭猪

noun [专属名词] [脊椎]箭猪，豪猪

My best friends are the woodchuck, the porcupine and the raccoon. 我最好的朋友是土拨鼠、豪猪还有浣熊。

noun [专属名词] （Porcupine）人名；（英）波库派恩

In Maine, the most commonly counted roadkill species is the North American porcupine. 在缅因州，公路交通事故中最常杀死的动物种类是北美箭猪。

porcupine

n.[动]豪猪,箭猪

dredge

/dredʒ/
a machine, in the form of a bucket ladder, grab, or suction device, used to remove material from a riverbed, channel, etc 挖泥机 (Also called dredger)

verb [vt. 及物动词] vt. （用挖泥船等）疏浚；（用拖捞网等）捞取；（在食物上）撒（面粉等）

They dredge the bay for gravel. 他们在挖掘海湾沙砾。

verb [vi. 不及物动词] vi. 疏浚，挖掘；采捞

Police have spent weeks dredging the lake but have not found his body. 警察已经花了几周时间在湖里打捞，但是仍未发现他的尸体。

noun [专属名词] 挖泥船，疏浚机；拖捞网

It is called dredge. 它被称作挖泥机。

dredge

vt. （用挖泥船等）疏浚；（用拖捞网等）捞取；（在食物上）撒（面粉等）

expedition

/ˌekspəˈdɪʃ(ə)n/
An expedition is an organized trip made for a particular purpose such as exploration. (以探险等为目的的) 有组织的旅行

noun [专属名词] 远征，考察；探险队，考察队；动作敏捷，迅速

It won't be labelled in any way as a military expedition. 它无论如何也称不上是一次军事远征。

expedition

n. 远征；迅速；探险队

physicist

/ˈfɪzɪsɪst/
A physicist is a person who does research connected with physics or who studies physics. 物理学家

noun [专属名词] 物理学家

He's known to be an outstanding physicist. 他被公认为杰出的物理学家。

physicist

n. 物理学家；唯物论者

magnitude

🇬🇧/ˈmæɡnɪtjuːd/ 🇺🇸/ˈmæɡnɪtuːd/
If you talk about the magnitude of something, you are talking about its great size, scale, or importance. (尺寸、规模、重要性等) 大的程度

noun [专属名词] 巨大，重要性；震级；规模，大小；数量，数值；（恒星的）亮度，星等

An operation of this magnitude is going to be difficult. 一个这么大的手术会很难的。

magnitude

n. 大小；光度；重要；震级；量级

topography

🇬🇧/təˈpɒɡrəfi/ 🇺🇸/təˈpɑːɡrəfi/
Topography is the study and description of the physical features of an area, for example, its hills, valleys, or rivers, or the representation of these features on maps. 地形学

noun [专属名词] 地形学，地形测量学 ；地形，地貌；地图地形描绘；（剖，生）局部解剖（图）

The topography of the river's basin has changed significantly since the floods. 洪水过后，这条河的流域地形已经明显改变了。

topography

n. 地形学；地志；地势

crust

/krʌst/
The crust on a loaf of bread is the outside part. 面包皮

noun [专属名词] 面包皮；（馅饼或比萨饼等的）酥皮；硬外皮，硬外壳；地壳；<非正式>生活，生计

Cut the crusts off the bread and soak the bread in the milk. 切掉面包皮，将面包浸在牛奶中。

verb [vt. 及物动词] 形成（或结成）硬皮（或硬壳）

Bake until the crust is golden. 把糕饼烤至外皮呈金黄色。

crust

n. 面包皮；外壳；坚硬外皮

rugged

/ˈrʌɡɪd/
A rugged area of land is uneven and covered with rocks, with few trees or plants. 崎岖多岩的

adjective [原级] （地面，地形）高低不平的，崎岖的；（男人的外貌）粗犷而英俊的；强健而坚毅的；（机器或其他制造品）坚固耐用的；艰难的，严峻的

The enemy would always have the advantage of familiarity with the rugged terrain. 敌人会一直在对崎岖地形的熟悉上占有优势。

rugged

adj. 粗糙的；坚固的；崎岖的；高低不平的

tableland

/ˈteɪb(ə)llænd/
flat elevated land; a plateau 高地; 高原

noun [专属名词] 高原；台地

Night slowly reached the tableland. 夜，款款地来到高原上。

tableland

n.高原

sediment

🇬🇧/ˈsedɪmənt/ 🇺🇸/ˈsedəmənt/
Sediment is solid material that settles at the bottom of a liquid, especially earth and pieces of rock that have been carried along. 沉淀物; 沉渣

noun [物质名词] 沉淀物，沉渣；（最终形成岩石层的沙、石等）沉积物

Many organisms that die in the sea are soon buried by sediment. 许多在海里死亡的生物很快便被沉淀物掩埋。

verb [vt. 及物动词] （液体）沉淀；沉积

They found a unique layer of sediment worldwide. 他们在世界各地发现了一层独特的沉积物。

sediment

n. 沉淀物；沉积

terrace

/ˈterəs/
A terrace is a flat area of stone or grass next to a building where people can sit. (房屋旁的) 露台; 草坪

noun [专属名词] （风格相同、互相连接的）排屋；（尤指房屋或餐馆外的）露天平台，阳台；<英>（足球场的）阶梯看台；梯田，阶地；<英>排屋中的一栋房屋；（地质）沿岸阶地，阶面

Some guests recline in deck chairs on the sea-facing terrace. 有些客人斜躺在朝海露台的躺椅上。

verb [vt. 及物动词] 使成阶地（或梯田）

...massive terraces of corn and millet carved into the mountainside like giant steps. … 山坡上开垦出来种玉米和小米的巨型台阶般的大块大块梯田。

terrace

n. 梯田；阳台；平台

erode

🇬🇧/ɪˈrəʊd/ 🇺🇸/ɪˈroʊd/
If rock or soil erodes or is eroded by the weather, sea, or wind, it cracks and breaks so that it is gradually destroyed. 侵蚀

verb [vt. 及物动词] 侵蚀，腐蚀；削弱，降低

Then over many more years, the Phosphorus-rich rocks of the new land begin to erode and the cycle continues. 然后过了许多年，含磷丰富的新陆地岩石开始被侵蚀，而且循环还在继续。

erode

vt. 腐蚀，侵蚀