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现在完成时

右侧笔记支持独立滚动。边听名师连读拆解，边对照右侧的语法事实与统计数据笔记。

现在完成时表示动作现存的结果，或者过去发生的事对现在的影响。

结构：have/has + done（v. 过去分词）

全部完成(截止到现在) 部分完成(截止到现在)
He has finished the homework. We have learned English for ten years.

用法：完成？ 现在的之前

做没做完并不重要，重要的是站在哪个角度去看。现在完成时是站在现在的这个角度往之前看。现在完成时表示动作现存的结果，或者过去发生的事对现在的影响。
句型 助动词 三单 助动词 非三单
现在完成时 He has finished the homework. I have finished the work.
否定句 He has not finished the homework.(hasn't) I have not finished the work.(haven't)
一般疑问句 Has he finished the homework? Have you finished the work?
特殊疑问句 What has he done? What have you done?

常与现在完成时连用的副词和副词短语

词组 用法
before (now) I have never been to Paris before.（我以前从未去过巴黎。）
it’s the first time It's the first time I've tried sushi.（这是我第一次尝试寿司。）
so far So far, I have finished three books this month.（到目前为止，我这个月已经读完了三本书。）
so far this morning I have received three emails so far this morning.（到今天早上为止，我今天上午已经收到了三封邮件。）
up to now Up to now, I haven't received any updates on the project.（直到现在，我还没有收到关于项目的任何更新。）
up to the present Up to the present, she has published ten research papers.（直到现在，她已经发表了十篇研究论文。）
just I have just finished my homework.（我刚做完作业。）
recently Have you seen her recently?（你最近见过她吗？）
already He has already eaten dinner.（他已经吃过晚饭了。）
lately Lately, I've been feeling tired all the time.（最近，我一直感觉很累。）
now I have had a meeting now.（我现在已有一个会议。）
for I have been learning Spanish for two years.（我已经学习西班牙语两年了。）
since + 时间 She has been working here since 2010.（她自2010年以来一直在这里工作。）
till The store is open till 9 PM.（商店一直开放到晚上9点。）
at last I have found my keys at last.（我终于找到了我的钥匙。）
finally He has finally finished his thesis.（他终于完成了他的论文。）

疑问句和否定句中

词组 用法
ever Have you ever been to Paris?（你曾经去过巴黎吗？）
yet Have you finished your homework yet?（你完成作业了吗？）
never I have never seen a shooting star.（我从来没有见过流星。）
not…ever He does not ever eat spicy food.（他从不吃辣食。）
have you ever Have you ever been skydiving?（你曾经体验过跳伞吗？）
yet to He is yet to finish his project.（他尚未完成他的项目。）
never again I will never again trust him.（我再也不会信任他。）
not yet I have not yet received the package.（我还没有收到包裹。）
ever since I have been happy ever since I met you.（自从遇见你之后，我一直很幸福。）
never before This has never happened before.（这从未发生过。）
not anymore He doesn't work / live here anymore.（他不再在这里工作了/不再住这里了。）
just yet I can't leave just yet.（我还不能离开。）
evermore I will love you evermore.（我将永远爱你。）
never mind Never mind, it's not important.（没关系，这不重要。）
have yet to I have yet to meet my new neighbor.（我还没见过我的新邻居。）
  • I’ve planted fourteen rose bushes so far this morning. 到今天上午为止，我已经种了十四丛玫瑰。
  • I have lived here for several years now and I’ve made many new friends since I have lived here. 我已经在这里住了好几年了，自从我住在这里以来，我交了很多新朋友。

现在完成时还可和表示频度的副词连用，表示反复和习惯性动作。

词组 用法
often I often go for a walk in the park.（我经常在公园散步。）
frequently She frequently travels for work.（她经常出差。）
three times I have visited that museum three times.（我去过那个博物馆三次。）
quite often He comes to visit us quite often.（他相当频繁地来看我们。）
regularly They meet regularly for coffee on Fridays.（他们每周五定期见面喝咖啡。）
repeatedly The child kept asking the same question repeatedly.（孩子一再询问同一个问题。）
daily She goes for a run daily.（她每天都去跑步。）
oftentimes Oftentimes, people judge others based on appearance.（往往人们会根据外貌来评判他人。）
sometimes Sometimes, I like to relax and watch movies.（有时候，我喜欢放松看电影。）
occasionally We go out for dinner occasionally.（我们偶尔出去吃饭。）
seldom He seldom goes to parties.（他很少去参加派对。）
rarely I rarely eat fast food.（我很少吃快餐。）
once in a while Once in a while, we treat ourselves to a spa day.（偶尔，我们会给自己放松一天。）
every now and then They go on vacations every now and then.（他们时不时会去度假。）