Lesson 45 Of men and galaxies 【单词列表】

dispute ^{v. 1. to fight to get control of sth. or to win sth. 争夺，捍卫}

• Our soldiers disputed every inch of ground.
• On the last lap three runners were disputing the lead.
• I am sure that, without modern weapons, I would make a very poor show of disputing the ownership of a cave with a bear, and in this I do not think that I stand alone.

dispute ^{v. 2. to argue or disagree with sb. 争论，争执}

• The issue remains hotly disputed.
• They disputed at great length what they should do.

dispute ^{v. 3. to question whether sth. is true and valid 质疑}

• These figures have been disputed.
• The election result was disputed.
• Galileo maintained that the earth revolved around the sun, disputing the belief held by the Roman Catholic church that the earth was the center of the universe.

dispute ^{n. a serious argument or disagreement 争议，争执，纠纷}

• China’s claims of sovereignty over the Diaoyu Islands are beyond dispute. 
• The two sides are locked into a bitter dispute. ^{双方陷入了激烈的争论。}
• They hope for a peaceful settlement of the dispute. ^{他们希望和平解决争端。}

be open to dispute / question / debate …^{…尚有争议；不确定的；有待商榷}

• It’s open to dispute / question / debate whether the new government is any better than the old one.
• Whether the new policy will actually create jobs is open to debate. ^{这项新政策是否真的能创造就业机会还存在争议。}

subdue ^{v. to defeat or control a person or group, esp. using force 征服，制伏，击败}

• Police managed to subdue the angry crowd.
• It is related of Caesar that when speaking of the ease with which he subdued Egypt, he made use of the laconic saying, ‘I came, I saw, I conquered.’

“duct” / “duce” / “due” = lead ^{指导、引导}

• subdue ^{“sub” = under v. 征服，制伏，击败}
• abduct ^{“ab” = away v.  诱拐，绑架}
• abduction ^{n. 诱拐，绑架}
• abductor ^{n. 绑匪}
• deduce ^{“de” = down v. 推理，演绎}
• deductive ^{adj. 演绎的，推断的}
• deduction ^{n. 推理，演绎；结论}
• induce ^{“in” = into v. 诱使，引起，造成}
• inductive ^{adj. 归纳的}
• induction ^{n. 归纳法；诱导；引发}
• introduce ^{“intro” = inward v. 介绍，引进}
• produce ^{“pro” = forward v. 生产，制造；产生，引起}
• reduce ^{“re” = back v. 减少}
• seduce ^{“se” = apart v. 色诱，勾引}
• seduction ^{n. 色诱，勾引}
• traduce ^{“tra” / “trans” = across v. 诋毁}
• conduct ^{“con” = together v. 领导，指导；指挥 n. 行为，品德}
• viaduct ^{“via” = road n. 高架桥}
• ventiduct ^{“venti” = wind n. 通风管}
• oviduct ^{“ovi” = egg n. 输卵管}

envision ^{v. to imagine what a situation will be like in the future = envisage = imagine 设想，想象}

• They envision an equal society, free of poverty and disease.
• Nobody can envisage the consequences of total nuclear war.
• But the competition of man against man is not the simple process envisioned in biology.

forecast ^{v. & n.（公开地）预测，预报}

• weather forecast
• the company’s annual sales forecast
• Rain has been forecast for tomorrow.
• The Federal Reserve Bank forecasts the economy will grow 8% this year.

heretic ^{n. 1. a person who belongs to a particular religion, but whose beliefs or actions seriously disagree with the principles of that religion 异教徒}

• Thousands of heretics were burned at the stake.
• He has been called a fascist, a heretic and shenjingbing , a lunatic. ^{他一直被称作法西斯分子 、 异端和神经病。}
• He was regarded as heretic by the common people. ^{他被大众视为异教徒。}

heretic ^{n. 2. someone whose beliefs or actions are considered wrong by most people, because they disagree with beliefs that are generally accepted 异端邪说者；离经叛道者}

• He was considered a heretic and was ridiculed for his ideas.
• In the scientific community, he was considered a heretic for challenging the established theories. ^{在科学界，他因挑战既定理论而被视为离经叛道者。}
• The political heretic was ostracized by his party for his radical views.  ^{这位政治异见者因其激进观点被他的政党排斥。}

heresy ^{n. 1. a belief that disagrees with the official principles of a particular religion 异教观念}

• He was executed for heresy.
• This became declared as a heresy. ^{这被称作异教。}
• Here again there is no question of heresy. ^{在这里再次毫无疑问的异端。}

heresy ^{n. 2. a belief, statement etc. that disagrees with what a group of people believe to be right 异端邪说}

• Radical remarks like this amount to heresy for most members of the Republican party.
• His theory was dismissed as heresy by the scientific community. ^{他的理论被科学界视为异端而遭到摒弃。}
• In those days, suggesting the Earth was round was considered heresy. ^{在那个年代，认为地球是圆的被视为异端邪说。}

 be heresy to sb. ^{对某人来说是异端邪说；是大逆不道的观点}

• The idea is heresy to most employees of the firm.
• To some traditionalists, the idea of a four-day work week is absolute heresy to them. ^{对一些传统主义者来说，每周工作四天的想法简直是异端邪说。}

And perhaps all those successful college graduates would have been successful whether they had gone to college or not.This is heresy to those of us who have been brought up to believe that if a little schooling is good, more has to be much better. ^{考研阅读真题}

suffice ^{v. (fml.) to be enough 足够}

• Generally a brief note or a phone call will suffice.
• One example will suffice to illustrate the point. ^{举一个例子就足以说明这一点。}
  Suffice it to say that afterwards we never met again. ^{不必多言，后来我们再也没见过面。}