adolescence [ˌædəˈlesəns] n. 青春期
slur [sləː] n. 诋毁
【扩】slander 诋毁，中伤
【搭】throw a slur on 破坏……的名誉
disloyalty [disˈlɔiəlti] n. 不忠实
【例】He felt deeply wounded by their disloyalty.
因为他们不忠，他十分伤心。
spite [spait] n. 恶意，怀恨
【扩】malice 恶意 maliciousness 恶意
* * *
A: I'm sure he took my parking space just out of spite.
B: Maybe you worried too much.
A：我认为他侵占我的停车位肯定是有意和我作对。
B：也许你多虑了。
* * *
disillusionment [ˌdisiˈluːʒənmənt] n. 幻灭感
evaluation [ˌivæljuˈeiʃən] n. 评价
【扩】valuation 评价
* * *
A: I am not satisfied with this evaluation.
B: You should work harder, I mean.
A：这个评价让我很不满。
B：我的意思是，你需要更加努力地工作。
* * *
infallibility [inˌfæləˈbiliti] n. 一贯正确
【例】No one can claim infallibility.
谁也不能说自己是一贯正确的。
resent [riˈzent] v. 怨恨
* * *
A: His father seems to resent my being here.
B: Don't think it that way.
A：我呆在这里他的父亲似乎不大高兴。
B：你别那么想。
* * *
sincerity [sinˈseriti] n. 诚挚
* * *
A: Your sincerity is not in dispute.
B: Then what made you disgruntled?
A：你的诚恳是无可置辩的。
B：那是什么让你不满呢？
* * *
Victorian [vikˈtɔːriən] adj. 维多利亚式的
retreat [riˈtriːt] v. 后退
【扩】fall back 后退
【搭】in full retreat 逃跑
【例】The defeated army had to retreat hastily from the field of the battle to the coast.
败军被迫仓皇地从战场向海岸撤退。
unreasoning [ʌnˈriːzəniŋ] adj. 不理智的
* * *
A: It's very unreasoning to quit it right now.
B: But I don't have any other choice.
A：现在放弃是很不理智的。
B：但是我没有别的选择。
* * *
authoritarian [əˌθɔːriˈtɛəriən] adj. 专制的
【派】authoritarianism 专制主义
【扩】absolute 专制的，完全的
【例】He is a strict authoritarian.
他是一个绝对的权利主义者。
cow [kau] v. 吓唬
noun [专属名词]青春期，青春 - Some young people suddenly become self-conscious and tongue-tied in early adolescence.
verb [vt. 及物动词]含混不清地说话；连奏；诽谤；有意略过（事实）；用连音线标出 - He repeated himself and slurred his words more than usual.
noun [具体名词]诽谤；吐词含糊；连奏线；污点 - This is yet another slur on the integrity of the police.
noun [集合/集体]青少年 - Young adolescents are happiest with small groups of close friends.
adjective [原级]青春期的；不成熟的 - It is important that an adolescent boy should have an adult in whom he can confide.
noun [抽象名词]不忠实；不义，不贞；背信弃义 - Charges had already been made against certain officials suspected of disloyalty.
adjective [原级]怀恨的，恶意的 - He could be spiteful.
noun [抽象名词]幻灭；醒悟 - Polls have charted growing disillusionment with the campaign.
noun [抽象名词]评价，评估 - He got a good evaluation.
noun [抽象名词]无误；教皇永无谬误论 - I can not claim infallibility for this method.
verb [vt. 及物动词]怨恨，憎恶 - She resents her mother for being so tough on her.
noun [抽象名词]真诚，真挚 - His sincerity impressed her.
adjective [原级]维多利亚女王时代的；英国维多利亚女王时代的 - We have a lovely old Victorian house.
noun [专属名词]维多利亚时代；维多利亚女王时代的人 - The Victorians were the last people to invest properly in the railways.
verb [vi. 不及物动词]（军队）撤退；后退，离开；（水、雪或土地）范围缩小；隐退，躲避；悔棋；改变意见，改变看法；（股价）下挫，下跌；向后倾 - "I've already got a job," I said quickly, and retreated from the room.
noun [具体名词]撤军，撤兵；后退，离开；退隐处，静居处；（主意、观点、决定的）改变；（股票）贬值；静修期间（或活动） - In June 1942, the British 8th Army was in full retreat.
adjective [原级]未加思量的；不合理的；无理性的；不讲理的 - As often happens after long sleeplessness, he was seized by an unreasoning panic.
adjective [原级]独裁主义的；权力主义的 - Senior officers could be considering a coup to restore authoritarian rule.
noun [专属名词]权力主义者；独裁主义者 - Father was a strict authoritarian.
noun [专属名词]母牛，奶牛；雌性动物；<非正式>婆娘，娘儿们；<澳新>讨厌的人（或事物、情况） - He kept a few dairy cows.
verb [vt. 及物动词]恐吓，威胁 - If someone is cowed, they are made afraid, or made to behave in a particular way because they have been frightened or badly treated.
| Cow 恐吓 / 吓倒 | The protesters refused to be cowed into silence by the police. 抗议者们拒绝被警方恐吓而保持沉默。 |
|---|---|
| Duck 躲避 / 逃避 | He tried to duck the difficult questions during the interview. 他在采访中试图逃避那些棘手的问题。 |
| Dog 尾随 / 缠扰 | Health problems have dogged him throughout his career. 健康问题在他的职业生涯中一直缠绕着他。 |
| Wolf 狼吞虎咽 | The boy was so hungry that he wolfed down the entire pizza in minutes. 那男孩饿极了，几分钟就把整个披萨狼吞虎咽地吃光了。 |
| Parrot 机械模仿 / 鹦鹉学舌 | She was just parroting what she had heard on the news. 她只是在机械地重复她在新闻里听到的内容。 |
| Ape 盲目模仿 | Modern architecture often apes the styles of the past. 现代建筑经常盲目模仿过去的风格。 |
| Fox 使困惑 / 欺骗 | The final exam question completely foxed most of the students. 期末考试的最后一题把大多数学生都彻底难住了。 |
| Hog 独占 / 贪婪地占用 | Don't hog the bathroom; other people need to use it too! 别独占浴室，别人也要用！ |
| Monkey 胡闹 / 乱动 (monkey around/with) | Stop monkeying around with my computer; you'll break it. 别乱动我的电脑，你会弄坏的。 |
| Pig 大吃特吃 (pig out) | We decided to pig out on ice cream after the movie. 电影结束后我们决定大吃一顿冰淇淋。 |
| Shoulder 肩负 / 承担 | The young manager had to shoulder the responsibility for the failure. 年轻的经理不得不为这次失败承担责任。 |
| Elbow 用肘推开 / 挤进 | She elbowed her way through the crowded subway. 她在拥挤的地铁里用胳膊肘挤出了一条路。 |
| Foot 支付（账单） | My parents kindly offered to foot the bill for the wedding. 我父母慷慨地提出由他们来支付婚礼的费用。 |
| Hand 递给 / 交给 | Could you hand me that dictionary on the shelf? 你能把架子上那本字典递给我吗？ |
| Eye 打量 / 注视 | The detective was eyeing the suspect suspiciously. 侦探正充满怀疑地打量着嫌疑人。 |
| Head 朝...方向行进 | We should head home before it starts to rain. 我们应该在下雨前回家。 |
| Back 支持 / 资助 | Several local businesses have agreed to back the new community center. 几家当地企业已同意资助这个新的社区中心。 |
| Thumb 翻阅 / 示意搭车 | I was thumbing through a magazine while waiting for the doctor. 等医生的时候我正在翻阅一本杂志。 |
| Finger 指出 / 告发 | The witness fingered the man in the blue jacket as the thief. 证人指认那个穿蓝色夹克的男人就是小偷。 |
| Stomach 忍受 / 吃得消 | I really can't stomach his arrogant behavior anymore. 我真的再也受不了他那傲慢的行为。 |
| Nose 小心探听 / 缓慢移动 | The car nosed slowly out into the busy street. 车子慢慢地探出头开进了繁忙的街道。 |
| Mouth 装腔作势地说 / 喃喃自语 | He was just mouthing empty slogans without taking any action. 他只是在空喊口号，却不采取任何行动。 |
| Face 面对 / 面向 | We need to face the fact that our plan isn't working. 我们需要面对事实，我们的计划行不通。 |
| Skin 擦破皮 / 剥皮 | The boy fell and skinned his knee on the pavement. 男孩摔倒了，膝盖在人行道上擦破了皮。 |
| Muscle 强行挤入 (muscle in) | Other companies are trying to muscle in on their market share. 其他公司正试图强行挤入并瓜分他们的市场份额。 |
| Book 预订 / 登记 | I've booked a table for two at the Italian restaurant. 我已经在意式餐厅订了一桌两人的位子。 |
| Table 搁置 / 提议讨论 | The committee decided to table the motion until the next meeting. 委员会决定将该提议搁置到下次会议再讨论。 |
| Chair 主持（会议） | Professor Smith will chair the international conference tomorrow. 史密斯教授明天将主持那场国际会议。 |
| Floor 使大吃一惊 / 击倒 | Her sudden resignation completely floored me. 她的突然辞职让我大吃一惊。 |
| Wall 用墙围住 / 隔开 | The garden was walled off from the main road for privacy. 为了隐私，花园被墙挡住与主干道隔开了。 |
| Shelf 搁置 (通常用作名词搁置，动词多为shelve) | The government has decided to shelve the plan for a new highway. 政府决定搁置修建新高速公路的计划。 |
| Mirror 反映 / 映射 | The economic recovery mirrors the situation in the global market. 经济复苏反映了全球市场的情况。 |
| Box 把...装箱 / 困住 | He felt boxed in by his responsibilities at home and work. 他感到自己被家庭和工作的责任给困住了。 |
| Pen 书写 / 把...关进栏中 | He penned a heartfelt letter to his parents. 他给父母写了一封情真意切的信。 |
| Screen 筛选 / 屏蔽 | The airport uses advanced technology to screen passengers' luggage. 机场使用先进技术筛选（检查）乘客的行李。 |
| File 归档 / 排队行走 | The students filed slowly into the classroom. 学生们排着队慢慢走进教室。 |
| Water 流口水 / 给...浇水 | The smell of freshly baked bread made my mouth water. 新鲜烤面包的味道让我流口水。 |
| Milk 榨取 / 抽取 | The corrupt official tried to milk the project for all it was worth. 那个贪官试图榨取该项目的所有价值。 |
| Salt 用盐腌 / 撒盐 | Be sure to salt the icy sidewalk to prevent people from slipping. 一定要在结冰的人行道上撒盐，防止行人滑倒。 |
| Pepper 布满 / 频繁击中 | His speech was peppered with funny anecdotes. 他的演讲中穿插着（布满了）有趣的轶事。 |
| Sugar 加糖 / 使...容易接受 (sugar-coat) | Don't try to sugar-coat the truth; just tell me what happened. 别试图粉饰（加糖）真相，直接告诉我发生了什么。 |
| Bread 涂面包屑 | I like my fish breaded and fried until crispy. 我喜欢把鱼裹上面包屑炸到酥脆。 |
| Dish 盘点 / 散布 (dish out) | The coach dished out some harsh criticism to the players. 教练对队员们进行了一些严厉的批评。 |
| Spoon 用匙舀 / 亲昵依偎 | The mother carefully spooned the soup into the baby's mouth. 母亲小心地用勺子把汤喂到婴儿嘴里。 |
| Knife 伤害 / 刺伤 | He felt like his best friend had knifed him in the back. 他觉得最好的朋友在他背后捅了一刀。 |
| Iron 熨烫 / 解决 (iron out) | We need to iron out a few details before signing the contract. 在签合同前，我们需要解决掉（熨平）一些细节问题。 |
| Hammer 锤打 / 反复强调 | The point was hammered home during the training session. 在培训期间，这个观点被反复强调（锤打）。 |
| Nail 钉住 / 彻底弄清 / 抓获 | The police finally nailed the suspect after a long chase. 经过长时间追捕，警方终于抓获了嫌疑人。 |
| Comb 梳理 / 仔细搜寻 | The rescue team combed the woods for the missing child. 救援队在森林里仔细搜寻失踪的孩子。 |
| Sieve 筛 / 过滤 | He has a memory like a sieve; he forgets everything! （名词用法常作比喻，动词表筛选）他的记忆力像筛子一样，什么都记不住！ |
| Bridge 架桥 / 消除隔阂 | We are trying to bridge the gap between the two generations. 我们正在努力消除（架起桥梁）两代人之间的隔阂。 |
| Key 关键的(adj) / 键入 / 调准 (key in) | Please key in your password to access the computer. 请输入（键入）您的密码以访问电脑。 |
| Clock 测速 / 达到（时间/距离） | He clocked 10.5 seconds in the 100-meter sprint. 他在百米短跑中跑出了 10.5 秒的成绩。 |
| Watch 观看 / 留意 | Watch your step; the floor is very slippery. 留神你的脚下，地板很滑。 |
| Spring 跳跃 / 突然发生 / 释放 | He sprung the news on us without any warning. 他毫无预兆地突然把这个消息告诉了我们。 |
| Autumn (罕用动词) / Fall 落下 / 倒下 | Leaves fall from the trees in the autumn. （这里 fall 是动词）秋天叶子从树上落下。 |
| Weather 经受住 / 风化 | The small boat managed to weather the severe storm. 小船成功地经受住了严峻的风暴。 |
| Cloud 使模糊 / 遮蔽 | Personal feelings shouldn't cloud your professional judgment. 个人感情不应影响（使模糊）你的专业判断。 |
| Rain 下雨 / 密集落下 | Compliments rained down on her after the performance. 演出结束后，赞美之词向她倾泻而来。 |
| Stone 用石头砸 / 除去果核 | In ancient times, criminals were sometimes stoned to death. 在古代，罪犯有时会被乱石砸死。 |
| Rock 摇晃 / 震惊 | The news of the scandal rocked the entire country. 丑闻的消息震惊了全国。 |
| Fire 开火 / 解雇 / 激发 | The boss had to fire him for repeatedly being late. 老板不得不因为他屡次迟到而解雇他。 |
| Ice 结冰 / 冰镇 / 完成 (ice the cake) | Winning the award was the icing on the cake for his career. 获得这个奖项对他职业生涯来说是锦上添花。 |
| Air 晾晒 / 发表看法 | They spent the evening airing their grievances. 他们花了一个晚上的时间来表达（晾出）他们的不满。 |
| Ground 接地 / 禁足 / 基于 | The teenager was grounded for two weeks for failing his exams. 那个少年因为考试不及格被禁足了两周。 |
| Light 点燃 / 照亮 | Her eyes lit up when she saw the present. 看到礼物时，她的眼睛亮了起来。 |
| Ship 运输 / 寄送 | The company ships its products to over 50 countries. 公司将产品销往 50 多个国家。 |
| Train 培训 / 瞄准 | The hunters trained their guns on the deer. 猎人们把枪口对准了那头鹿。 |
| Station 驻扎 / 部署 | Troops were stationed along the border to maintain peace. 部队驻扎在边界沿线以维持和平。 |
| Pilot 驾驶（飞机） / 试验 | The school is piloting a new teaching method this semester. 这学期学校正在试行（试验）一种新的教学方法。 |
| Coast 滑行 / 毫不费力地成功 | With his talent, he just coasted through the exam. 凭着天赋，他毫不费力地通过了考试。 |
| Park 停车 / 放置 | Just park your bags in the hallway for now. 先把你的包放在走廊里吧。 |
| Man 操纵 / 备人 | We need more volunteers to man the information desk. 我们需要更多志愿者在咨询台值班。 |
| Sail 航行 / 轻快地移动 | She sailed through the interview and got the job. 她顺利通过（像航行一样轻快）面试并得到了工作。 |
| Ticket 开罚单 | He was ticketed for speeding on the highway. 他因为在高速公路上超速被开了罚单。 |
| Map 映射 / 制定 (map out) | We need to map out our strategy for the next year. 我们需要制定出明年的战略。 |
| Star 主演 / 标星号 | She starred in several Hollywood movies in the 1990s. 她在 90 年代主演了几部好莱坞电影。 |
| Picture 想象 / 画 | I can't picture him as a father; he's so irresponsible. 我没法想象他当父亲的样子，他太不负责任了。 |
| Frame 框架 / 陷害 | He claimed that he was framed by his business rival. 他声称自己是被生意对手陷害的。 |
| Sketch 速写 / 概述 (sketch out) | The manager sketched out the main points of the plan. 经理概述了计划的要点。 |
| Color 着色 / 影响（看法） | Don't let your prejudices color your decision. 别让你的偏见影响了你的决定。 |
| Master 精通 / 控制 | It takes years of practice to master a foreign language. 精通一门外语需要多年的练习。 |
| School 教育 / 训练 | He was schooled in the traditional methods of craftsmanship. 他受过传统工艺方法的训练。 |
| Nurse 护理 / 慢慢喝 / 怀有 | She is still nursing a grudge against her former boss. 她仍对前任老板心怀怨恨。 |
| Cure 治愈 / 腌制 | The ham is cured with salt and smoke for extra flavor. 火腿经过盐腌和烟熏以增加风味。 |
| Doctor 医生 / 篡改 / 伪造 | He was accused of doctoring the financial records. 他被指控篡改财务记录。 |
| Staff 配备员工 | The new office is currently staffed by only three people. 新办公室目前仅配备了三名员工。 |
| Coach 教练 / 指导 | She coached me for my college entrance interview. 她为我的大学入学面试提供了指导。 |
| House 提供住房 / 收藏 | The museum houses some of the world's most famous paintings. 该博物馆收藏了一些世界上最著名的画作。 |
| Shop 购物 / 告发 (shop sb to) | The criminal was shopped to the police by his own brother. 那个罪犯被他亲兄弟给告发到了警察局。 |
| Market 销售 / 推广 | They are marketing the new phone to young professionals. 他们正向年轻的专业人士推广这款新手机。 |
| Price 定价 / 询问价格 | The designer dresses are priced out of most people's reach. 那些设计师品牌的裙子定价高得大多数人都买不起。 |
| Service 维修 / 服务 | It's time to get the car serviced before the long trip. 长途旅行前该去给车做个保养（维修）了。 |
| Bank 存入银行 / 堆积 (bank up) | The snow had banked up against the side of the house. 雪在房子的侧面堆积了起来。 |
| Store 储存 | Information is stored on the computer's hard drive. 信息储存在电脑硬盘里。 |
| Tail 尾随 / 跟踪 | The private investigator tailed the suspect for three days. 私家侦探跟踪了嫌疑人三天。 |
| Scale 规模 / 攀登 / 刮鳞 | The mountain climbers successfully scaled the peak. 登山者们成功登上了山峰。 |
| Season 季节 / 给...调味 | Season the steak with salt and pepper before grilling. 烧烤前给牛排撒盐和胡椒粉调味。 |
| Step 跨步 / 采取行动 (step up) | The government needs to step up its efforts to combat climate change. 政府需要加大力度应对气候变化。 |
| Bridge 桥 / 连接 | Technology helps bridge the distance between people. 科技有助于拉近人与人之间的距离。 |