| 结构:is not / am not / are not | |
|---|---|
| 肯定句 | 否定句 |
| It is my name.(这是我的名字。) | It is not my name.(这不是我的名字。) |
| She is pretty.(她很漂亮。) | She is not pretty.(她不漂亮。) |
| You are busy.(你很忙。) | You are not busy.(你不忙。) |
| I am listening.(我在听。) | I am not listening.(我没在听。) |
在前面的学习过程中我们是直接在Be动词上加 not 完成了否定句的变换。假如我们的句子中没有 is/am/are的时候,我们需要怎么做呢?
Don’t(Do not) + v. (动词)
如果你需要去否定一个实义动词,就需要一个助动词Don't = Do not 来帮助实现。
"Don't"(不要)+ 动词
- Do it!(做吧!)→ Don't do it!(别做!)
- Come in!(进来!)→ Don't come in!(别进来!)
- Don't smoke!(不要抽烟!)
- Don't litter!(不要乱扔垃圾!)
- Don't fall!(不要摔倒!)
- Don't enter!(不要进入!)
- Don't drop it!(别摔了!)
- Don't do that!(别这么做!)
- Don't put it there!(别放那儿!)
- Don't work!(不要工作啦!)
- Don't drive!(不要开车啦!)
- Don't swim here!(不要在这里游泳!)
- Don't cook!(不要做饭啦!)
- I am not there!(我不在那儿!)
- I am not doing that!(我不会这么做!)
- Don't open the window!(不要开窗!)
Tips : not 通常与动词搭配,而 No 则与名词搭配。
助动词"Do"是英语中一个非常常用且多功能的词,它有多种用法和含义。
| 用于构成否定句和疑问句 | 否定句:例如,"I do not like coffee."(我不喜欢咖啡。) | 疑问句:例如,"Do you like coffee?"(你喜欢咖啡吗?) |
|---|---|---|
| 用于强调 | 强调句:例如,"I do enjoy playing basketball."(我确实喜欢打篮球。) | 强调疑问句:例如,"Do you really love me?"(你真的爱我吗?) |
| 用于替代动词 | 替代动词:例如,"I don't know what to do."(我不知道该做什么。) | |
| 用于进行时态和完成时态 | 进行时态:例如,"She is doing her homework."(她正在做她的作业。) | 完成时态:例如,"He has done his job."(他已经完成了他的工作。) |