Lesson 42 Modern cavemen 【单词列表】

caveman [ˈkeivmən] n. (远古)洞穴人

pot-holing [ˈpɔt-ˌhəuliŋ] n. 洞穴探险,洞穴探险运动

solitude [ˈsɔlitjuːd] n. 孤独,寂寞

【例】They want to search for a place where they could live in solitude.

   他们想要寻找一个可以过隐居生活的地方。

【扩】loneliness 孤独,寂寞

【搭】live in solitude 独处

lure [luə] v. 引诱,诱惑

【扩】invite 引诱

【搭】bring sb. to the lure 引某人上钩

* * *

A: Don't lure her away from her duty.

B: Take it easy. I didn't do that.

A:不要引诱她离开职守。

B:放心,我没有那么做。

* * *

pot-holer [ˈpɔt-həulə] n. 洞穴探险者

rambler [ˈræmblə] n. 漫步者,散步者

undertaking [ˈʌndəˌteikiŋ] n. 任务,工作

【扩】task 工作,任务

* * *

A: It is a risky undertaking.

B: That's why I want to join in.

A:那是一个冒险的任务。

B:这才是我想要加入的原因。

* * *

foresight [ˈfɔːsait] n. 预见,深谋远虑

【构】fore(在……之前)+sight(看见)=foresight(预见)

【扩】foresee 预见

* * *

A: He is a man of foresight.

B: Yes, I often go to ask his opinion when I can't make a decision.

A:他是个有先见之明的人。

B:是的,我拿不定主意的时候总是去问他。

* * *

foretell [fɔːˈtel] (foretold [fɔːˈtəuld], foretold) v. 预言

Grenoble [ɡriˈnəubl] n. 格里诺布尔

chasm [ˈkæzəm] n. 断层,裂口,陷坑

【例】The chasm must be filled up.

   这个深坑必须填平。

【扩】rift 裂口  gape 裂口

flaw [flɔː] n. 小裂缝,缺点,瑕疵

distinguished [diˈstiŋɡwiʃt] adj. 杰出的,著名的

【扩】eximious 杰出的  crackaiack 杰出的

* * *

A: She is a distinguished lawyer.

B: Yes, nearly every person in this field knows her.

A:她是一位杰出的律师。

B:是的,这一领域几乎人人都认识她。

* * *

wade [weid] v. 涉水

waterfall [ˈwɔːtəfɔːl] n. 瀑布

【构】water(水)+fall(落下)=waterfall(瀑布)

【扩】sault 瀑布  linn 瀑布

* * *

A: I'm really looking forward to our ten-mile hike tomorrow.

B: Me too. I'd like to make it to that waterfall by noon.

A:我真向往明天的10英里远足。

B:我也是。我希望中午可以走到瀑布。

* * *

gear [ɡiə] n. (汽车)排档

inflatable [inˈfleitəbl] adj. 可充气的

【搭】an inflatable mattress 充气床垫

* * *

A: You can send an inflatable tiger to your nephew.

B: Good idea. He is fond of this kind of toys.

A:你可以送一个充气的老虎给你侄子。

B:好主意,他很喜欢这一类的玩具。

* * *

rubble [ˈrʌbl] n. 碎瓦,瓦块

insistent [inˈsistənt] adj. 连续的,不断的

【派】insistently 坚持地

【扩】successive 连续的  seriate 连续发生的

* * *

A: The boy's insistent cries almost broke my heart.

B: So you should take care of your child more carefully in the future.

A:孩子不停地哭,差点把我心疼死。

B:所以你以后照顾孩子要更加细心。

* * *

boom [buːm] v. 轰响

waterspout [ˈwɔːtəspaut] n. 强大的水柱

cleft [kleft] n. 裂隙,开口

【例】Squeezing through a cleft in the rocks, the pot-holers arrived at an enormous cavern.

   洞穴探险者从岩石缝里挤身过去,来到一个巨大的洞里。

cavern [ˈkævən] n. 大洞穴

stalagmite [ˈstæləɡmait] n. 石笋

stalactite [ˈstæləktait] n. 钟乳石

limestone [ˈlaimstəun] n. 石灰石

【构】lime(石灰)+stone(石头)=limestone(石灰石)

【例】Limestone is widely used in our life.

   石灰石在我们生活中的用途十分广泛。

glisten [ɡlisən] v. 闪烁

eerie [ˈiəri] adj. 引起恐惧的,可怕的

【派】eeriness 阴森

【例】It's eerie to walk through a dark wood at night.

   夜晚在漆黑的树林中走真恐怖。

【扩】horrific 令人恐惧的  macabre 恐怖的

【搭】eerie sound 怪声

dome [dəum] n. 穹窿,圆顶

 

caveman

/ˈkeɪvmæn/
Cavemen were people in prehistoric times who lived mainly in caves. 穴居人; 史前时代居住在洞穴里的人

noun [专属名词] (史前石器时代的)穴居人;野人

Part of the fault lies with our inner caveman. 部分原因在于我们内心的穴居人。

与 “caveman” 相关联的词汇

关联 cave /keɪv/ vt. 使凹陷,使塌落;在 … 挖洞穴

pot-holing

/ˈpɒtˌhəʊlɪŋ/
Potholing is the leisure activity of going into underground caves and tunnels. 洞穴探险

noun [专属名词] 洞穴探险

If you have any difficulty, go to my friends in the pot-holing club. 假如你遇到困难,可以去找我那些洞穴探险俱乐部的朋友。

与 “pot-holing” 相关联的词汇

关联 pot-holer /'pɔt,həulə/ n. 洞穴探险者

solitude

🇬🇧/ˈsɒlətjuːd/ 🇺🇸/ˈsɑːlətuːd/
Solitude is the state of being alone, especially when this is peaceful and pleasant. 独处

noun [抽象名词] 独居,独处(I love tranquil solitude.),孤独;偏僻的地方,无人居住的地方

He enjoyed his moments of solitude before the pressures of the day began in earnest. 他很喜欢一天的压力真正开始前的独处时刻。

与 “solitude” 相关联的词汇

关联 alone /əˈləʊn/ adj. 单独的;孤独的;独自的
关联 solitary /ˈsɒlətri/ adj. 孤独的;独居的
关联 loneliness /ˈləʊnlinəs/ n. 寂寞,孤独
重 点

lure

🇬🇧/lʊə(r)/ 🇺🇸/lʊr/
To lure someone means to trick them into a particular place or to trick them into doing something that they should not do. 引诱

verb [vt. 及物动词] 引诱,诱惑

He lured her to his home and shot her with his father's gun. 他把她诱骗到家里,然后用父亲的枪把她打死。

noun [抽象名词] 诱惑(物),诱惑力;鱼饵,诱饵

A lure is an object which is used to attract animals, especially fish, so that they can be caught. 诱饵

与 “lure” 相关联的词汇

关联 tempt /tempt/ vt. 诱惑;引起;冒 … 的风险;使感兴趣
关联 seduce /sɪˈdjuːs/ vt. 引诱;诱惑;诱奸;怂恿
关联 entice /ɪnˈtaɪs/ vt. 诱使;怂恿

pot-holer

/'pɔt,həulə/
A potholer is someone who goes into underground caves and tunnels as a leisure activity. 下潜洞穴者

noun [专属名词] 洞穴探险者

Precautions of this sort are necessary, FOR it is impossible to FORetell the exact nature of the difficulties which will confront the pot-holer. 采取这样的预防措施是必要的,因为根本无法确切预测洞穴探险者将会遇到的具体困难类型。

与 “pot-holer” 相关联的词汇

关联 pot-holing /ˈpɒtˌhəʊlɪŋ/ n. 洞穴探险

undertaking

🇬🇧/ˌʌndəˈteɪkɪŋ/ 🇺🇸/ˌʌndərˈteɪkɪŋ/
An undertaking is a task or job, especially a large or difficult one. (尤指艰巨的) 任务; 工作

noun [抽象名词] 任务,企业;许诺,保证;丧葬业,殡仪业

Organizing the show has been a massive undertaking. 组织这场演出是一项巨大的任务。

verb [vt. 及物动词] 承担,从事;承诺,答应;<英>在内侧行驶时赶上并超越(另一辆车)(undertake 的现在分词形式)

Making the house habitable was a major undertaking. 把这房子收拾得可以住人是个大工程。

与 “undertaking” 相关联的词汇

源自 undertake /ˌʌndəˈteɪk/ vt. 承担,保证;从事;同意;试图

foresight

🇬🇧/ˈfɔːsaɪt/ 🇺🇸/ˈfɔːrsaɪt/
Someone's foresight is their ability to see what is likely to happen in the future and to take appropriate action. 先见之明

noun [抽象名词] 先见之明;(枪的)前准星;前视

They had the foresight to invest in new technology. 他们有投资新技术的先见之明。

与 “foresight” 相关联的词汇

关联 forecast /ˈfɔːkɑːst/ vt. 预报,预测;预示
关联 foretell /fɔːˈtel/ v.预言,预测
关联 foresighted /fɔːˈsaɪtɪd/ adj.有先见之明的,深谋远虑的,能预料的
关联 forethought /ˈfɔːθɔːt/ n.考虑将来,谋远,深虑,先见adj.预先计划好的,预谋的

foretell

🇬🇧/fɔːˈtel/ 🇺🇸/fɔːrˈtel/
If you foretell a future event, you predict that it will happen. 预言

verb [vt. 及物动词] 预言,预测

Can he foretell anything to me? 他能给我预言些什么吗?

与 “foretell” 相关联的词汇

源自 tell /tel/ vt. 告诉,说;吩咐;辨别;断定
关联 predict /prɪˈdɪkt/ vt. 预报,预言;预知
关联 foresee /fɔːˈsiː/ vt. 预知;预见
关联 foresight /ˈfɔːsaɪt/ n. 先见,远见;预见;深谋远虑
关联 foresaw /fɔːrˈsɔː/ v. 预见;预料(foresee 的过去式)
关联 forebode /fɔːˈbəʊd/ v.预示,预言,预兆,预感
关联 foretold /fɔːˈtəʊld/ v.预言(foretell 的过去式和过去分词)
关联 foretoken /fɔːˈtəʊk(ə)n/ n.预兆,预示vt.成为...之预兆,预示
关联 foretaste /ˈfɔːteɪst/ n.预示
关联 predicting /prɪˈdɪktɪŋ/ v. 预测(predict 的 ing 形式);预报;预言

Grenoble

🇬🇧/ɡrəˈnəubl/ 🇺🇸/ɡrəˈnoʊbəl/
Grenoble is the prefecture and largest city of the Isère department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of southeastern France.

noun [专属名词] 格勒诺布尔(法国东南部城市)

None of them were in Grenoble . 他们中没有一个人在格勒诺布尔。

chasm

/ˈkæzəm/
A chasm is a very deep crack in rock, earth, or ice. (岩石、地面或冰上的) 大裂口

noun [专属名词] 峡谷;裂口;分歧;深坑

Pat had earlier made a dive of 80 feet from the Chasm Bridge. 早些时,帕特曾从卡泽姆大桥进行过80英尺高的跳水。

flaw

/flɔː/
A flaw in something such as a theory or argument is a mistake in it, which causes it to be less effective or valid. (理论或论点中的) 欠缺

noun [抽象名词] 缺点,缺陷;裂痕,瑕疵

There were, however, a number of crucial flaws in his monetary theory. 然而,他的货币理论中有很多关键性的欠缺。

verb [vi. 不及物动词] 削弱,使失效

to make or become blemished, defective, or imperfect 使有缺陷 There is always a flaw in the character of a tragic hero. 悲剧主角总有性格上的缺点。

与 “flaw” 相关联的词汇

关联 law /lɔː/ n. 法律;法学;诉讼;法治;司法界;规律
关联 flew /fluː/ v.fly的过去式

distinguished

/dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt/
If you describe a person or their work as distinguished, you mean that they have been very successful in their career and have a good reputation. 卓著的

adjective [原级] 卓越的,杰出的;高贵的,尊贵的

His suit was immaculately cut and he looked very distinguished. 他的西服剪裁完美,人显得十分高贵。

verb [vt. 及物动词] 区别,分清;使有别于;看清,认出(distinguish 的过去式和过去分词形式)

He was the most distinguished scholar in his field. 他是这一领域成就最为卓著的学者。

与 “distinguished” 相关联的词汇

原型 distinguish /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/ vt. 辨别;区分;使杰出,使表现突出

Everest

/ˈevərɪst/
any high point of ambition or achievement (抱负或业绩的)最高点

noun [专属名词] 难以做到的事;埃佛勒斯峰(西方对珠穆朗玛峰的称呼)

Mount Everest is Earth's highest mountain above sea level, located in the Mahalangur Himal sub-range of the Himalayas. 珠穆朗玛峰是地球上海拔最高的山峰,位于喜马拉雅山脉的马哈兰古尔喜马拉雅亚山脉。

与 “Everest” 相关联的词汇

关联 Qomolangma /ˈtʃəʊməʊˌlɑːŋmə/ n. 珠穆朗玛峰

wade

/weɪd/
If you wade through something that makes it difficult to walk, usually water or mud, you walk through it. 蹚 (过水、泥等)

verb [vi. 不及物动词] 涉水,趟水,艰难地行进;强行介入,干预,插手;艰难地处理,费力地阅读

Her mother came to find them, wading across a river to reach them. 她的母亲蹚过河来找他们。

noun [具体名词] 跋涉,涉水,艰难行走

The pond is deep enough for an adult to wade into but too deep for a child to stand. 这个池塘对一个成年人来说足够深,可以趟过,但对小孩子来说却深得无法站立。

与 “wade” 相关联的词汇

关联 wide /waɪd/ adj. 宽的,广阔的;张大的;远离目标的;广泛的
关联 wader /ˈweɪdə(r)/ n.跋涉者,涉禽类,钓鱼用的防水长靴

waterfall

🇬🇧/ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/ 🇺🇸/ˈwɔːtərfɔːl/
A waterfall is a place where water flows over the edge of a steep, high cliff in hills or mountains, and falls into a pool below. 瀑布

noun [具体名词] 瀑布;瀑布似的东西

As you descend, suddenly you see at last the hidden waterfall. 你往下走,最终会突然发现那个隐秘的瀑布。

adjective [原级] (一种项目管理方法)瀑布式的

The water roiled to his left as he climbed carefully at the edge of the waterfall. 当他在瀑布边缘小心攀爬时,水飞溅到他左边。

与 “waterfall” 相关联的词汇

源自 water /ˈwɔːtə(r)/ n. 水;雨水;海水;海域,大片的水
关联 fall /fɔːl/ vi. 落下;变成;来临;减弱
关联 cascade /kæˈskeɪd/ n. 小瀑布;喷流;层叠
关联 rockfall /ˈrɒkfɔːl/ n.岩崩,落石

gear

🇬🇧/ɡɪə(r)/ 🇺🇸/ɡɪr/
The gears on a machine or vehicle are a device for changing the rate at which energy is changed into motion. 排挡

noun [具体名词] 排挡,齿轮;(用于特定目的的)装备,服装;(做事的)速度,努力;(特定用途的)器械,装置;<非正式>毒品;<非正式>所有物,财物

The gear involved in a particular activity is the equipment or special clothing that you use. (用于特定活动的) 设备、服装

verb [vt. 及物动词] 使变速,使调挡

If someone or something is geared to or toward a particular purpose, they are organized or designed in order to achieve that purpose. 使适合

inflatable

/ɪnˈfleɪtəbl/
An inflatable object is one that you fill with air when you want to use it. 可充气的

adjective [原级] 膨胀的,可充气的;得意的

The children were playing on the inflatable castle. 孩子们在充气城堡上玩。

与 “inflatable” 相关联的词汇

关联 inflation /ɪnˈfleɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 通货膨胀;膨胀;夸张;自命不凡
来源于 inflate /ɪnˈfleɪt/ vt. 使充气;使通货膨胀

rubble

/ˈrʌbl/
When a building is destroyed, the pieces of brick, stone, or other materials that remain are referred to as rubble. 瓦砾

noun [物质名词] (倒塌的墙或建筑留下的)瓦砾,碎石;(建房铺路用的)碎石

Rubble is used to refer to the small pieces of bricks and stones that are used as a bottom layer on which to build roads, paths, or houses. (铺路、建房用的) 碎石; 碎砖

重 点

insistent

/ɪnˈsɪstənt/
Someone who is insistent keeps insisting that a particular thing should be done or is the case. 坚持的; 坚决的

adjective [原级] 坚持的,坚决要求的;再三的,反复的

An insistent noise or rhythm keeps going on for a long time and holds your attention. (声音、节奏等) 持续的 ...the insistent rhythms of the Caribbean and Latin America. …不停息的加勒比和拉丁美洲的音乐节奏。

与 “insistent” 相关联的词汇

关联 persistent /pəˈsɪstənt/ adj. 固执的,坚持的;持久稳固的
源自 insist /ɪnˈsɪst/ vt. 坚持,强调
关联 insistence /ɪnˈsɪstəns/ n. 坚持,强调;坚决主张
关联 insistently /ɪnˈsɪstəntli/ adv.坚持地,强求地
关联 insistency /ɪnˈsɪstənsi/ n.强迫,坚决要求

boom

/buːm/
If there is a boom in the economy, there is an increase in economic activity, for example, in the number of things that are being bought and sold. (经济) 繁荣

noun [抽象名词] 繁荣;流行,风靡;隆隆声;吊杆;帆桁;水栅

An economic boom followed, especially in housing and construction. 接着是一个经济的繁荣,尤其在住房和建筑方面。

verb [vt. 及物动词] 迅速发展,繁荣;轰鸣,轰响;用低沉的声音说

Thunder boomed over Crooked Mountain. 雷声在克鲁克德山上空轰鸣。

与 “boom” 相关联的词汇

关联 bomb /bɒm/ vt. 轰炸,投弹于

waterspout

🇬🇧/ˈwɔːtəspaʊt/ 🇺🇸/ˈwɔːtərspaʊt/
a tornado occurring over water that forms a column of water and mist extending between the surface and the clouds above 海龙卷

noun [具体名词] 海龙卷;排水口

A waterspout touches down near a boat near Dubrovnik, Croatia, in August 2007. 2007 年8月,克罗地亚杜布罗夫尼克附近,一场海龙卷接近一艘小船。

与 “waterspout” 相关联的词汇

来源于 water /ˈwɔːtə(r)/ n. 水;雨水;海水;海域,大片的水
关联 spout /spaʊt/ n. 喷口;水龙卷;水落管;水柱

cleft

/kleft/
A cleft in a rock or in the ground is a narrow opening in it. 裂口

verb [vt. 及物动词] 劈开;分开;迅速穿过;紧挨;坚信;分离(分子);开(路);(细胞)分裂;(诗、文)黏着;专心于;依恋(某人)(cleave的过去式及过去分词)

In general, action potentials that reach the synaptic knobs cause a neurotransmitter to be released into the synaptic cleft. 一般来说,动作电位到达突触节会导致神经递质释放到突触间隙。

noun [具体名词] (尤指岩石、地表的)裂缝;额头(或下巴)中间的竖缝;(身体)V 字形凹陷

A cleft in someone's chin is a line down the middle of it. (下巴上的)裂纹

adjective [原级] (部分)裂成两半的

If someone has a cleft chin, they have a cleft in their chin. (下巴)裂的

与 “cleft” 相关联的词汇

关联 cliff /klɪf/ n. 绝壁;悬崖
原型 cleave /kliːv/ v.劈,劈开,裂开vi.粘着,忠于,坚持

cavern

🇬🇧/ˈkævən/ 🇺🇸/ˈkævərn/
A cavern is a large, deep cave. 巨穴

noun [具体名词] 洞穴;凹处

Four avenues opened out of the small cavern which the great rock stood in. 大岩石所在的岩洞里有四条岔路。

verb [vt. 及物动词] 挖空;置…于洞穴中

This cavern knows no philosophers; its dagger has never cut a pen. 这窟窖不知道有哲学,它的尖刀从来没有削过一支笔。

与 “cavern” 相关联的词汇

源自 cave /keɪv/ vt. 使凹陷,使塌落;在 … 挖洞穴
关联 cavernous /ˈkævənəs/ adj.似巨穴的

stalagmite

🇬🇧/ˈstæləɡmaɪt/ 🇺🇸/stəˈlæɡmaɪt/
A stalagmite is a long piece of rock which sticks up from the floor of a cave. Stalagmites are formed by the slow dropping of water containing the mineral lime. 石笋(长地上的)

noun [专属名词] 石笋;石笋状

Do you know what is a stalagmite? 你知道什么是石笋吗?

与 “stalagmite” 相关联的词汇

关联 stalactite /ˈstæləktaɪt/ n.[地]钟乳石

stalactite

🇬🇧/ˈstæləktaɪt/ 🇺🇸/stəˈlæktaɪt/
A stalactite is a long piece of rock which hangs down from the roof of a cave. Stalactites are formed by the slow dropping of water containing the mineral lime. 钟乳石(长顶上的)

noun [专属名词] [地质] 钟乳石

The nose is a manifest congealed drop or stalactite. 鼻子,很明显,是一个凝聚了的水滴,或钟乳石。

与 “stalactite” 相关联的词汇

关联 stalagmite /ˈstæləɡmaɪt/ n.[地]石笋

limestone

🇬🇧/ˈlaɪmstəʊn/ 🇺🇸/ˈlaɪmstoʊn/
Limestone is a whitish-coloured rock which is used for building and for making cement. 石灰岩

noun [专属名词] [岩] 石灰岩

The area is being quarried for limestone. 这地方正在开采石灰石。

与 “limestone” 相关联的词汇

关联 limelight /ˈlaɪmlaɪt/ n. 石灰光,石灰光灯;众人注目的中心
关联 limewater /ˈlaɪmˌwɔːtə/ n.石灰水

glisten

/ˈɡlɪs(ə)n/
If something glistens, it shines, usually because it is wet or oily. (因有水或有油而) 发光

verb [vi. 不及物动词] 闪光,闪亮

The calm sea glistened in the sunlight. 平静的海面在阳光下闪闪发光。

noun [抽象名词] 闪光,闪耀

I felt my eyes30 glisten. I was speechless. 我感到自己的眼里泛着泪光,一时无语。

与 “glisten” 相关联的词汇

关联 listen /ˈlɪs(ə)n/ vi. 听,倾听;听从,听信
关联 flash /flæʃ/ vt. 使闪光;反射
关联 glow /ɡləʊ/ vi. 发热;洋溢;绚丽夺目
关联 flicker /ˈflɪkə(r)/ vi. 闪烁;摇曳;颤动;扑动翅膀; [ 美俚 ] 假装昏倒
关联 sparkle /ˈspɑːk(ə)l/ n. 活力;火花;闪耀
关联 twinkle /ˈtwɪŋk(ə)l/ vi. 闪烁;发亮
关联 glint /ɡlɪnt/ n. 闪光;闪烁

dome

🇬🇧/dəʊm/ 🇺🇸/doʊm/
A dome is a round roof. 穹顶

noun [具体名词] 穹顶,圆屋顶;半球形物,圆顶状物

The dome is 42.3 metres in diameter. 这个穹顶直径为42.3米。

verb [vt. 及物动词] 变圆,膨胀;加穹顶(状物)于

The use of steel and concrete has allowed the builders to perch a light concrete dome on eight slender columns. 钢筋混凝土的使用使建筑者们能将一个轻巧的混凝土穹顶架在8根细柱上。

与 “dome” 相关联的词汇

关联 come /kʌm/ vi. 来;出现;到达;变成;开始;发生

rambler

🇬🇧/ˈræmblə(r)/ 🇺🇸/ˈræmblər/
a weak-stemmed plant, esp any of various cultivated hybrid roses that straggle over other vegetation 攀缘蔷薇

noun [专属名词] 漫步者,漫谈者;攀缘蔷薇

Mick Jagger of the Rolling Stones was singing "Midnight Rambler. "" 滚石摇滚乐队的迈克?贾格尔正在台上演唱“午夜漫步人”。

与 “rambler” 相关联的词汇

源自 ramble /ˈræmb(ə)l/ n. 漫步;漫游;随笔

eerie

🇬🇧/ˈɪəri/ 🇺🇸/ˈɪri/
If you describe something as eerie, you mean that it seems strange and frightening, and makes you feel nervous. 怪异的; 可怕的

adjective [原级] 可怕的;怪异的

I walked down the eerie dark path. 我沿着漆黑吓人的小路走着。