直接引语和间接引语_夸克英语笔记

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直接引语和间接引语

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直接引语的疑问句变为间接引语的疑问句时引号和问号不再使用，且直接疑问句中的倒装语序在转述疑问句里要还原为陈述句语序（主语+动词），有必要还要改变时态。

if 或 whether ^{whether 表示的怀疑程度比 if 稍大}	She asked if/whether you were tired. ^{因为是陈述句所以助动词 do/does 和did 在转述中不再使用。}
	I wonder if/whether he’s phoned the doctor.^{ask\want to know\wonder 等后面的 if 和 whether 通常可以互换}
	She asked me whether I wanted tea or coffee. ^{表示两者挑一时更常用 whether}
	He wants to know whether or not we want dinner.^{有 or not 时，通常用 whether 引导(Did the children say they’d eaten?)}
	Tom asked if / whether Jack would arrive the next day.通常用原来的疑问词
	Jane asked why I hadn't written to her.^{针对主语提问时态和情态助动词照常有变化，但语序保持不变。}

如果直接引语是问句，变为间接引语时，主句不说 He said，而用 He asked；told 可以后跟问句，还可以跟陈述句。直接引语是表示命令、请求、建议的祈使句通常可用适当的动词后跟不定式来转述，常用的这类动词有 advise，ask，tell，order，command，warm，invite 等，这些动词后往往有间接宾语，在转述这类祈使句的否定形式时，必须将 not 放在带 to 的不定式之前：

She reminded/told me to turn off all the lights.
The teacher was telling/ordering/commanding her students to close their books.

tell sb. to do sth.	ask sb. to do sth.
The teacher told me (not) to open the door.	I'll ask Steve to take it.^{我要请史蒂夫接受。}

suggest ^{转述建议（用should）}	insist ^{转述要求（用should）}	hope ^转述期望
He suggests that they should sell the flat.	He still insisted that we should help him.	I hope they won’t sell the flat.

直接引语和间接引语

if 或 whether